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Original article
Blau Olga1,Bulegenova Minira2*,Karazhanova Meryert3,Nurpisova Dina4, Jolbaeva Kaliyash5, Makhneva Anna6, Boranbaeva Riza7
1Professor, Head of Genetic Laboratory, Charite University, School of Medicine, Germany Professor,2 Specialist, 3,4 and Head,7 Department, Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children Surgery, Kazakhstan
5,6Cytogenetic Laboratory, Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children Surgery, Kazakhstan
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Charite University, School of medicine, Germany. Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children Surgery, Kazakhstan
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*Minira Bulegenova, Professor and Head of Laboratory Department, Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children Surgery, Al Farabi av., Kazakhstan
Article citation: Olga B, Minira B, Meryert K, Dina N, Kaliyash J, Anna M, Riza B. Comparative investigation of conventional cytogenetic and fluorescence in situ hybridization in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2015;05(11):884–889. Available at www.jpbms.info
Abstract:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in childhood. Chromosomal aberrations are independent prognostic factors. Conventional cytogenetics is routinely used in the initial assessment. Nevertheless, karyotyping is often hampered by low mitotic index of malignant cells, poor chromosomal morphology and difficulties in interpretation of chromosome rearrangement. Interphase FISH provides an alternative approach to detect abnormalities in nondividing cells and also is essential for the identification of cryptic abnormalities. In the present study we analysed 56 children with ALL using both cytogenetic and FISH techniques to determine diagnostic accuracy of the both methods. FISH probes for AML1-ELN, BCR-ABL, and MLL rearrangement were used. Karyotyping was successful in 77% of cases. Cytogenetic study discovered abnormalities in 51% from succeeded karyotyping.
FISH revealed chromosomal aberration in 62.5%. FISH confirmed all cases with clonal aberrations, observed with conventional cytogenetics. Among patients with normal karyotype, 24% were detected to have clonal aberrations by FISH. Also, FISH analysis was extremely useful to detection of alteration involving of AML1 and TEL genes. We demonstrate that interphase FISH is available to detect more prognostic important genetic abnormalities than conventional cytogenetic. Cytogenetic analysis combined with FISH produced significant improvements in the sensitivity and accuracy in identification of the of risk stratification of patients.
KEYWORDS acute lymphoblastic leukemia, cytogenetics, FISH, TEL-AML, BCR-ABL, MLL
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest:
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research,patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
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Research article
Ibrahim Bakhit Yousif Elemam1*, Mohammed Abdalgadir Elsheikh2, Areeg Mohammed Ali Elnour3, Habiba Mohieldeen Mohammed Abd Elhaleem4, Awad Eljeed Abugooda Alobaid5
1 Department of Histopathology and Cytology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Shendi University, Sudan
2 Department of Histopathology and Cytology, School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Sharq Elneil College
3 Medical Laboratory Program, Al Yarmouk Colleges, Sudan
4 Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Shendi University, Sudan, Sudan
5 Medical Laboratory Program, Al Yarmouk Colleges, Sudan
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*Ibrahim Bakhit Yousif Elemam,
Department of Histopathology and Cytology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Shendi University, Sudan
Background Prostatic adenocarcinoma is the most PREVALENT cancer and the second cause of cancer related death among men; the tumour proliferative activity is difficult to measure histologically. Increasing EVIDENCE suggests that the factors controlling cell cycle progression also modulate the rate of ribosome biogenesis; and can assess the proliferative activity.The present study aimed to assess the proliferation activity in prostate cancer.
Materials and Methods A total of 40 various prostatic lesions were studied, 20 cases of prostatic adenocarcinomas (study group) and 20 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) as (control group). Sections of 3-μ thickness was obtained from each formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue block using rotary microtome and it was stained using haematoxylin and eosin (Mayer’s technique) and AgNOR stains.Results The majority of patients with BPH and prostate adenocarcinoma were in their sixth to eighth decade of life. The BPH samples displayed fewer AgNORs (mean 2.0 dots/cell) compare to adenocarcinomas (mean 4.1 dots/cell), p value was (0.001). Therefore this data indicate that analysis of silver staining-positive material in intact interphase cells may help distinguish between benign and malignant prostatic tumours.Conclusions AgNOR have a value in distinguishing between BPH and adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
KEYWORDS Fprostate, carcinoma, prostatic hyperplasia, AgNORs
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest:
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research,patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense. The manuscript is original and is not published or communicated for publication elsewhere either in part or full.
Original article
Jayanta Kumar Barua1, Mausumi Basu2,Susmita Bhattacharya3, Kheya Mukherjee4, Debasish Sinha5, Anita Nandi6
1Assistant Professor, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Leprosy,The School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata
2Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, IPGME&R and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata
3 Professor and 4Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, N.R.S. Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, IPGME&R/ SSKM Hospital, Kolkata
6 Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology,Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed: NRMC & H,Kolkata adjacent to attributed.
Address reprint requests to
*Dr. Mausumi Basu,
Associate Professor,Department of Community Medicine, IPGME&R and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
Article citation: Barua JK, Basu M, Bhattacharya S, Mukherjee K, Sinha D, Nandi A. Epidemiological profile of HIV patients in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2015;05(11):890–896. Available at www.jpbms.info
Abstract:
Background Approximately 20.89 lakh people were living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) in India in 2011 with prevalence rate of 0.27%. Objectives To assess the prevalence of HIV among consented attendees and to analyse the epidemiological profile of HIV-positive clients diagnosed in an ICTC of Kolkata. Materials and Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out throughthe analysis of secondary data from July 2012 to June 2013 in an ICTC centre attached with microbiology department of a medical college, Kolkata; using a pre designed proforma. Data were analysed using Epi Info version 3.5.1 and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 22.0) software version. Results Counseling and testing services were provided to 14,679 clients; 158 were diagnosed as HIV positive with a prevalence of 1.07%; about 89.24% of seropositives belonged to age group of 15–49 years; males constituted 68.99%; 54.43% HIV were from rural area; 56.33% were married; literacy rate was 83.55%; 65.31% females were housewives; 39.8% of male clients undertook daily wage; 28.48% had sexual partner who were positive for HIV; 93.04% practiced high risk behaviour;78.48% acquired HIV through heterosexual route; 08.86% and 06.33% were involved in homosexual and bisexual practices respectively; and parent to child transmission rate was 5.70%. Conclusions This study provides an important clue to understand the epidemiology of HIV/ AIDS in a particular geographic region and to help an effective local planning for care, treatment and support of those infected and preventive strategies for those who are at risk.
KEYWORDS HIV positive clients, risk behaviour, ICTC, epidemiological profile
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7.Gupta M. Profile of clients tested HIV positive in a voluntary counseling and testing center of a district hospital, Udupi. Indian J Community Med. 2009;34:223–6.
8.Dash M, Padhi S, Sahu S, Mohanty I, Panda P, Parida B, et al. HIV counseling and testing in a tertiary care hospital in Ganjam district, Odisha, India. J Postgrad Med. 2013;59:110–4.
9.Joardar GK, Sarkar A, Chatterjee C, Bhattacharya RN, Sarkar S, Banerjee P. Profile of attendees in VCTC of North Bengal Medical College in Darjeeling district of West Bengal. Ind J of Community Med. 2006;31:237–40.
10.Quazi S, Nimbarte S, Selokar D, Gaidhane A, Mudey A, Wagh V. Profile of clients attending an integrated counselling and testing centre at a private rural tertiary care hospital in India. AMJ. 2010;3(6):349–52.
11.Sharma R. Profile of attendee for voluntary counseling and testing in the ICTC at Kesar SAL Medical College, Ahmedabad. Indian J Sex Transm Dis. 2009;30: 31–6.
12.Sreedevi S, Malathi MS, Madhavi LM, Saraswathi K. Prevalence of HIV infection and profile of persons attending an integrated counseling and testing centre at a private rural tertiary care hospital in Andhra Pradesh, India. Ind J Public Health Res Dev. 2014;5(1):227–31.
13.Biswas NK, Saurabh MK, Yadav AK. Profile of the patients who attended the HIV integrated counseling and testing centre in a teaching hospital of Rajasthan, India. J Clin Diagn Res. 2012;6(2): 195–7.
14.Swarnlatha N. Profile of attendees for voluntary counselling and testing in the VCTC, Tirupati, Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh. Indian J Public Health Res Dev 2013;4(2):258–63.
15. Solabannavar SS, Mahesh CB, Suresh BS, Chidanand SP. Seroprevalence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)1 and 2 infections in a tertiary care hospital. JCDR. 2010 December;4(6):3383–6.
16. Kommula VM, Mishra AK, Kusneniwar GN, Chappa SN, Rao RKV. Profile of HIV positive clients in an ICTC of a private medical college, Andhra Pradesh: a situational analysis. NJIRM. 2012;3(2):36–40.
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18. Mallick KH, Modi BP, Vasava BC, Bansal RK. Profile of clients tested HIV positive in a Voluntary Counseling and Testing Center in Government Medical College Surat, Gujarat, India. Int J Pharm Sci. 2012;2:232–6.
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20. Destura RV, Berba RP, Mendoza MT, Velmonte MA, Ecarma RM,Zoleta MB, et al. Profile of HIV/AIDS Patients at the Philippine general hospital: revisting 9 years of clinical experience.Philippine J Microbiol Infect Dis. 2003; 32:111–21.
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest:
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research,patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Review article
Seyed Sajjad Babaeimarzangou1, Shahin Aghajanshakeri1*,Dana Anousheh1,Peyman Mikaili2
1 Student of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Address reprint requests to
*Shahin Aghajanshakeri, Student of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Article citation: Babaeimarzangou SS,Aghajanshakeri SH, Anousheh D, Mikaili P. Ethno-botanical, Bioactivities and Medicinal Mysteries of Fumaria officinalis (Common Fumitory). J Pharm Biomed Sci 2015;05(11):857–862. Available at www.jpbms.info
Abstract
Fumaria officinalis (of Fumariaceae family) is a well-known traditional herb rich in biochemically active components. F. officinalis (common fumitory or earth smoke) is the most common species of the genus Fumaria in Western and Central Europe. Fumitory was officially recognised in 1986 by the French Health authorities as an herbal medicine which was traditionally used in renal and digestive elimination functions. By accurately looking to the name of fumitory, it is said to be derived either from the fact that its whitish,
blue-green colour gives it the appearance of smoke rising from the ground, or according to Pliny and Olivier de Serres (XIV century) because the juice of the plant brings on such a flow of tears that the sight becomes dim as with smoke and hence its reputed use in affections of the eye. This herb has been known since antiquity and was described in herbals from the Middle-Ages. It was mainly the Mediterranean genus which was once used as medicine and wound healing. In a meanwhile traditionally fumarity has been used as digestive and diuretic.
KEYWORDS Fumaria officinalis, Fumariaceae, ethno-botanical, herbal medicine,fumarity, pharmacological effects
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest:
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research,patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense. The manuscript is original and is not published or communicated for publication elsewhere either in part or full.
Acknowledgement: The authors are grateful to all the people who helped them through the
process and all organizations which did not withhold any efforts for better handling of this
research.
Original article
Famurewa Ademola C1*,Kanu Shedrach C1,Uzoegwu Peter N2,Ogugua Victor N2
1 Department of Medical Biochemistry,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi,Nigeria
2 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria,Nsukka
Address reprint requests to
*Famurewa, Ademola, Clement,
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo,Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
Abstract:
Objective: Hibiscus sabdariffa is a medicinal plant associated with beneficial health effects.The leaves and flowers are used as traditional drinks and medicines in countries. The current study aimed to investigate H. sabdariffa L. methanolic extract ameliorative potential against carbon tetrachloride-induced lipid peroxidation, hepatic damage and oxidative stress.
Methods Adult male Wistar rats were administered 2.5 ml/kg body weight of CCl4 by oral gavage to induce oxidative stress 48 hours before administration of 200, 600 to 1000 mg/kg doses of H. sabdariffa methanolic extract to group 3, 4 and 5, respectively for 10 days (n = 5). Group 1 was used as negative control, while group 2 was used as positive-comparative control (2.5 ml/kg CCl4). At the end of the experiment, serum glutathione (GSH), vitamin C and E, MDA, liver damage markers and antioxidant enzymes were analysed in all the groups. Results Carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress in experimental rats was evidenced by increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduction in SOD, catalase and reduced glutathione (GSH). H. sabdariffa extract treatment at 600 and 1000 mg/kg doses resulted in significant modulation of antioxidant indices and alkaline phosphatase (p < 0.05), but failed to demonstrate significant effects in AST, ALT and MDA. There were significant increases (p < 0.05) in the serum vitamin C and E at 600 and 1000mg/kg doses of the extract.Conclusion The overall results suggest that H. sabdariffa contains bioactive phytochemicals that may improve hepatic status and ameliorate oxidative damage at high doses in carbon tetrachloride intoxication.
KEYWORDS Hibiscus sabdariffa, hepatic damage, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress,phytochemicals
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest:
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense. The manuscript is original and is not published or communicated for publication elsewhere either in part or full.