DocumentsDate added
Original article
Selvaraj Subashree1*, Saravanan Revathy2, Mukherjee Dipali3
1 Postgraduate, Department of Pharmacology, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Ariyur, Puducherry, India
2,3Professor, Department of Pharmacology,Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Ariyur,Puducherry, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Pharmacology, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre
Address reprint requests to
*Selvaraj Subashree, No. 9. Periyanayagi Amman Koil Street, Thiruppapuliyur, Cuddalore 607 002, Tamil Nadu, India
Article citation: Subashree S, Revathy S, Dipali M. Knowledge and compliance status among diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(01):51–59.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Introduction Diabetes mellitus a major and common metabolic disorder with serious health and economic adverse consequences. Apart from other known factors, non-adherence to medical advice and treatment are also important preventable factors that results in complications of diabetes. Hence the analysis of knowledge and adherence status to medical and other lifestyle changes, and their impact on controlling diabetes are needed.
Aim and Objectives To assess the knowledge and adherence status among Type 2 diabetic patients on treatment.
Methodology A pre-tested questionnaire having 24 questions in Tamil, to collect informations like demographic status, knowledge and adherence of the participants were used in 100 adult diabetic patients from both sex on treatment for the past 1 year after obtaining their informed consent by direct interview and were recorded. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics using SPSS version 21. The interrelationship among knowledge, adherence and diabetic control were analyzed by chi-square test with significant
p < 0.05.
Results and Discussion Out of 58 (58.0%) male and 42 (42.0%) female participants, low knowledge score of less than 30% was seen in 25 (43.1%) males and 22 (52.4%) females, 53 (53.0%) participants had a moderate score of 31–60% [33 (56.9 %) male and 20 (47.6%) female]. High score of >60% was not observed. A poor adherent score of 18–26 was obtained by 19 patients [8 (13.8%) males and 11 (26.2%) females] and very poor adherent score of <18 was seen in 81 patients [50 (86.2%) males and 31 (73.8%) females]. Knowledge showed a statistically significant influence on adherence (p < 0.001). which was still poor and resulting in poor therapeutic outcome as evidenced by uncontrolled HbA1c level (p < 0.482).
Conclusion Our study has shown a weak relationship between knowledge and adherence resulting in the failure of long-term glycaemic control. Hence along with improving
knowledge by educational aids like media, SMS, handouts and educative programmes with removal of impending factors for adherence are suggested for achieving good glycaemic control and avoiding the complications where healthcare providers have an important role.
KEYWORDS diabetes mellitus, knowledge, adherence, glycaemic control
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors,the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: Self.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the
official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Acknowledgement: The authors are grateful to Dr. Hussain, Professor, Department of Diabetology,for his support and help during the study. We express cordial thanks to all participants for their kind cooperation. We would like to place our acknowledgement to the faculties of the Department of Pharmacology and the management of Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Puducherry, for their voluntary participation and co-operation.
Case Report
Bulegenova Minira G1*,Khairov Konstantin E2,Abdullaeva Gulgahan T3,Makhneva Anna F4
1 Professor, Head of Laboratory Department,Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children Surgery, Al Farabi av, Kazakhstan
2 Executive Director, Surgery of Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children’s Surgery, Al Farabi av, Kazakhstan
3 Head, Intensive Care Unit, Surgery of Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children’s Surgery, Al Farabi av, Kazakhstan
4 Researcher, Laboratory of Pathomorphology, Surgery of Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children’s Surgery, Al Farabi av, Kazakhstan
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Laboratory Department and Intensive Care Unit, Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children Surgery
Address reprint requests to
*Minira Bulegenova,
Professor and Head of Laboratory Department, Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children
Surgery, Al Farabi av., Kazakhstan
ABSTRACT
Blastopathy is a pathology that occurs during the blastula period, within the first 15 days from the moment of fertilization until embryo- and trophoblast ejection. Etiology of blastopathy is often unclear. This malformation is a variant of conjoined twins and occurs with a frequency of 1: 500,000 deliveries. Our article presents the clinical case of “Foetus in Fetu” in the practice of the Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children Surgery, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Newborn A was delivered from the perinatal centre on the 10th day of life. Prenatally, the ultrasound investigation of the foetus at the gestational age of 27–28 weeks diagnosed “pseudoomphalocele, ascites”. Mother was counseled by the geneticist on the recommended abortion, but she refused. At the age of 9 days the child was transferred to the Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, where he was diagnosed as:congenital malformations, blastogenesis violation, asymmetric parasitic omphalopagus, foetus in fetu, congenital heart disease, interatrial septum defect (complete), globular heart, right-sided pneumonia, respiratory failure 1st stage, ischemic encephalopathy 2nd stage, prematurity 35–36 weeks and morphofunctional immaturity. The visible part of the parasitic foetus is presented with torso, pelvis, two lower limbs, vestigial appendage – the only “arthrogrypose” upper limb. On the basis of the clinical data, it was suggested that the parasitic foetus and the main foetus have a single blood circulatory system. A certain interest, in our opinion, was the study of changes in the homeostasis parameters of this patient, as the vital organs were single to both organisms.
KEYWORDS foetus in fetu, pseudoomphalocele, congenital malformations, internal homeostasis
REFERENCES
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4. Kuno N, Kadomatsu K, Nakamura M, Miwa-Fukuchi T,Hirabayashi N, Ishizuka T. Mature ovarian cystic teratoma with a highly differentiated homunculus: a case report. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2004;70(1):40–6.
5. Arlikar JD, Mane SB, Dhende NP, Sanghavi Y, Valand AG, Butale PR. Fetus in fetu: two case reports and review of literature. Pediatr Surg Int. 2009;25(3): 289–92.
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents,and royalties through this collaborative research.All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the
official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
Rajeev Kumar1,Swati Trivedi2,Mehta RK3,Jain Sunita4
1 Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, Rama Medical College,Kanpur, India
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, Rama Medical College,Kanpur, India
3 Professor & HOD Department of Anaesthesia, Rama Medical College,Kanpur, India
4 Professor, Department of Anaesthesia,Rama Medical College, Kanpur, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Anaesthesia, Rama Medical College, Kanpur, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr. Rajeev Kumar, C-17, Newazad Nagar, Kalyanpur, Kanpur 208018, Uttar Pradesh
Article citation: Rajeev K, Trivedi S, Mehta RK, Sunita J. Effect of dexmedetomine on haemodynamics and isoflorane requirement during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;6(01):6–9. Available at www.jpbms.info
Abstract
Minimal access surgery like laparoscopic cholecystectomy has several advantages like less pain, early mobilisation, shorten stay in hospital and better cosmetic results. Due to the haemodynamic response to pneumoperitoneum, laparoscopic procedures are not free from risk. Uses of dexmedetomidine during general anaesthesia attenuate the haemodynamic response of pneumoperitoneum. In this study we evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on haemodynamic and the isoflorane requirement. A prospective randomised and double-blind study was conducted in 50 patients by dividing them in two groups. Group C as control (normal saline infusion) and Group D (dexmedetomine infusion) as test. Standard anaesthesia procedure is followed. During anaesthesia bispectral index (BIS) monitoring is done and it was maintained in the range of 40–60 with the titration in the dose of inhalational anaesthetic (isoflorane). Result shows that there is significant haemodynamic stability (P < 0.05) and 70% reduction in the requirement of isoflorane (P < 0.05) in Group D as compared to Group C. BIS was maintained in the range of 40–60. It is concluded that the use of Dexmedetomine results in better haemodynamic and requirement of inhalational anaesthetic can be reduced.
KEYWORDS dexmedetomine, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, BIS, anaesthesia
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents,and royalties through this collaborative research.All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the
official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Case Report
Pietro Gareri1, Alberto Castagna1*,Giovanni Ruotolo2,Alfonso Merante2,Gaetano Russo2, Giovambattista De Sarro3
1 Geriatrician ASP Catanzaro - Ambulatory for Cognitive Disorders Catanzaro Lido and Soverato, Catanzaro, Italy
2 Geriatric Unit Azienda Ospedaliera “Pugliese-Ciaccio, Catanzaro, Italy
3 Chair of Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
Address reprint requests to
*Alberto Castagna,
Geriatrician Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Catanzaro,Ambulatory for Cognitive Disorders, Casa della Salute Chiaravalle Centrale (Catanzaro), Via Ceravolo, Chiaravalle Centrale (Catanzaro), Italy
Article citation: Gareri P, Castagna A, Ruotolo G, Merante A, Russo G, De Sarro G. Drug-induced delirium: A frequent and important matter for geriatricians. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(01):71–75. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Use and abuse of drugs, especially if inappropriate, are among the most frequent causes of delirium in elderly people. This article describes an interesting case report on drug-induced delirium in a 74-year-old woman taking several drugs. She was hospitalised for fall and functional inability to lower limbs. She was affected with hypertension, depression and she had undergone surgery and radiotherapy for breast cancer. She had been complaining cognitive impairment for 2 years. Patient was treated with amlodipine 5 mg, ramipril 5 mg, aspirin 100 mg, chlorimipramine 25 mg twice a day. Brain CT scan and spine MRI pointed out multiple dorsolumbar herniated discs. She was visited by a medical doctor who was a specialist in pain treatment; he prescribed oxycodone/naloxone 5/2.5 mg twice/day. After discharge she complained persistent pain, the specialist in pain treatment increased oxycodone/naloxone 5/2.5 mg up to 3 times daily. After 1 week, patient suddenly presented hyperactive delirium. She underwent geriatric consulting; tricyclic drug and opioid analgesics were interrupted and started oral haloperidol 1.5 mg and intramuscular citicoline 1000 mg. After 3 days, symptoms had disappeared and patient gradually recovered. The present case report is a typical example of drug-induced delirium. Geriatric competence is closely required when one needs to examine the possible interference among drugs in poly-treated patients affected with several diseases, or for example when a drug is used in this group of patients but is strictly contraindicated.
KEYWORDS elderly, drug-induced delirium, drug-drug interactions, inappropriate drugs
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest:
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
Aijun Zhang, Pengfei Fu, Zaijun Zhang, Haiyun Chen, Pei Yu*
Institute of New Drug Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardiocerebrovascular Diseases, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510632, China
Address reprint requests to
*Prof Pei Yu,
Institute of New Drug Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510632 China
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Institute of New Drug Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardiocerebrovascular Diseases, Jinan University College of Pharmacy
Article citation: Zhang A, Fu P, Zhang Z, Chen H, Yu P. Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel chloro-oxime derivatives for neurodegenerative diseases. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(01):31–38.
Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Neurodegenerative disease is a fatal disease of the human nervous system, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and related polyglutamine expansion diseases. The US FDA had approved several drugs to treat neurodegenerative diseases, however, almost none of them could delay progress of these diseases and offer cure. A key molecular pathway implicated in neurodegenerative diseases is the misfolding aggregation and accumulation of proteins in neurons. Chloro-oxime derivatives, such as bimoclomol and arimoclomol, promote the expression of heat shock proteins and improve the abilities of normal protein folding and degrade misfolded proteins. Based on the structure of bimoclomol and arimoclomol,we substituted the pyridine and piperazine by TMP and other amino groups, and synthesised a series of novel chloro-oxime derivatives. Among these chloro-oxime derivatives, compounds 9b and 13b were demonstrated to be neuroprotective against MG-132-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells.
KEYWORDS chloro-oxime derivatives, molecule chaperone amplifiers, misfolding protein, neurodegenerative diseases.
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Acknowledgements: This work was supported partially by The Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2014A030320174).
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.