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Original article
Swyeta Jain Gupta1,*,Amit Gupta2,Vivek Gautam3,Kaushik Kumar Pandey4,Swati Choudhary5
1 Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontics and Implantology, I.T.S. Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
2 Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, I.T.S. Dental College, Hospital and Research Centre, Greater Noida,Uttar Pradesh, India
3 Prosthodontics (Private practitioner), Gautam Multispeciality Dental Clinic, P N Plaza Complex, Sigra, Varanasi,Uttar Pradesh, India
4 Department of Prosthodontics Career Postgraduate Institute of Dental Science and Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh,India
5 Oral and Maxilllofacial Pathology, Delhi, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr. Swyeta Jain Gupta,
Senior Lecturer,Department of Periodontics and Implantology,I.T.S. Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Article citation: Gupta SJ, Gupta A,Gautam V, Pandey KK, Choudhary S. RNA interference: an evolutionary pathway in periodontal tissue engineering. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(01):39–43. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
RNA interference (RNAi) is an evolutionary conserved silencing pathway in which the double-stranded RNA is broken down into small interfering RNA (siRNA) with the help of dicer and RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) complex by a series of steps. Pioneering observations on RNAi were reported in plants, but later on RNAi-related events were described in almost all eukaryotic organisms, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mouse and human cell lines.
KEYWORDS gene silencing, RNAi, DICER, RISC
REFERENCES
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2.Slavkin HC, Bartold PM. Challenges and potential in tissue engineering. Periodontol 2000. 2006;41:9–15.
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13.Montgomery MK, Xu S, Fire A. RNA as target of double-stranded RNA-mediated genetic interference in Caenorhabditis elegans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Dec 22;95(26):15502–7.
14.Jiang F, Ye X, Liu X, Fincher L, McKearin D, Liu Q. Dicer-1 and R3D1-L catalyze microRNA maturation in Drosophila. Genes Dev. 2005;19:1674–9.
15.Forstemann K, Tomari Y, Du T, Vagin VV, Denli AM, Klattenhoff BC, et al. Normal microRNA maturation and germ-line stem cell maintenance requires Loquacious, a double stranded RNAbinding domain protein. PLoS Biol. 2005;3:e236.
16.Saito K, Ishizuka A, Siomi H, Siomi MC. Processing of pre-microRNAs by the Dicer-1-Loquacious complex in Drosophila cells. PLoS Biol. 2005 Jul;3(7):e235.
17.Xiang L, Feng J, Savitha K, Dean S, Qinghua L. Dicer-2 and R2D2 coordinately bind siRNA to promote assembly of the siRISC complexes. RNA. 2006;12(8):1514–20.
18.Song JJ, Smith SK, Hannon GJ, Joshua-Tor L. Crystal structure of Argonaute and its implications for RISC slicer activity. Science. 2004;305:1434–7.
19.Martinez P, Amemiya CT. Genomics of the HOX gene cluster. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2002;133(4): 571–80.
20.Liu J, Carmell MA, Rivas FV, Marsden CG, Thomson JM, Sung JJ, et al. Argonaute 2 is the catalytic engine of mammalian RNAi. Science. 2004;305:1437–41.
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22.Khvorova A, Reynolds A, Jayasena SD. Functional siRNAs and miRNAs exhibit strand bias. Cell. 2003;115(2):209–16.
23.Hamilton A, Voinnet O, Chappell L, Baulcombe D. Two classes of short interfering RNA in RNA silencing. The EMBO J. 2002; 21(17):4671–9. 24. Nakahara T. A review of new developments in tissue engineering therapy for periodontics. Dent Clin N Am. 2006;50: 265–76.
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes
that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Case Report
Sanjeev Kumar Salaria1,Navjot Kaur Chahal2*,Surinder S Chahal3,Prabhdiljit Singh4
1 Head of Department, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology,Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
2* Post graduate student, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology,Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
3 Post graduate student, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics,Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
4 Intern, Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr. Navjot Kaur Chahal,
Post graduate student, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar,Rajasthan, India
Article citation: Salaria SK, Chahal NK, Chahal SS, Singh P. Single flap approach with lingual access in conjugation with PRF and Biograft HABG for the management of residual grade II furcation defect occurring from primary endodontic with secondary periodontal lesion:an interdisciplinary case report. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(01):18–22. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
The success of an endodontic and periodontal lesion depends on the elimination of both of these disease processes; as the endodontic therapy results in healing of the endodontic component of involvement while the prognosis or outcome of tooth would finally depend on the healing of the periodontal structures. In this case report, a residual grade II furcation defect of primary endodontic with secondary periodontal lesion was managed by endodontic therapy followed by periodontal regenerative therapy with BioGraft® hydroxy apatite active bone graft (HAGB) and platelet rich fibrin (PRF) utilizing single flap access technique. At 6 months post operatively there was reduction in periodontal pocket and gain in clinical attachment level with complete regeneration in grade II furcation bone defect was observed without any post operative complication.
KEYWORDS endo-perio lesion, residual grade II furcation, root canal therapy, periodontal regeneration, single flap access.
REFERENCES
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2.Chen SY, Wang HL, Glickman GN. The influence of endodontic treatment upon periodontal wound healing. J Clin Periodontol. 1997;24(7):449–56.
3.Newman T, Klokkevold, Carranza FA. Clinical Periodontology, 10th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2006.
4.Trombelli L, Farina R, Franceschetti G, Calura G. single flap approach with buccal access in periodontal reconstructive procedures. J Periodontol. 2009;80:353–60.
5.Deodhar AK, Rana RE. Surgical ph ysiology of wound healing: a review. J Postgrad Med. 1997;43:52–6.
6.Giannobile WV. Periodontal tissue engineering by growth factors. Bone. 1996;19(Suppl 1):23S–37S.
7.Diss A, Dohan DM, Mouhyi J, Mahler P. Osteotome sinus floor elevation using Choukroun’s platelet rich fibrin as grafting material: a1-year prospective pilot study with microthreaded implants. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008;105:572e 9.
8.Tsai CH, Shen SY, Zhao JH, Chang YC. Platelet rich fibrin modulates cell proliferation of human periodontal related cells in vitro reports. J Dent Sci. 2009;4:130e5.
9.Debnath T, Chakraborty A, Pal TK. Aclinical study on the efficacy of hyhroxyapatite-bioactive composite granules in the management of periodontal bony defects. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2014;18(5):593–600.
10.Sharma A, Pradeep AR. Autologous Platelet rich fibrin in the treatment of mandibular degree II furcation defects: a randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol. 2011;82:1396–403.
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents,and royalties through this collaborative research.
All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the
official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
REVIEW ARTICLE
Mitul Mishra1*,Prachi Mishra2,Vaibhao Shambharkar3,Amber Raut4
1 Assistant Professor, SDKS Dental College & Hospital, Hingna, Nagpur, India
2 Private Practitioner, Nagpur, India
3 Assisant Professor, SDKS Dental College & Hospital, Nagpur, India
4 Assistant Professor, SDKS Dental College & Hospital, Hingna, Nagpur, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr. Mitul K Mishra,
Department of Periodontics, SDKS Dental College and Hospital, Hingna, Nagpur, India
Article citation: Mishra M, Mishra P, Shambharkar V, Raut A. Scaffolds in periodontal regeneration. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(01):10–17.
Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Periodontal tissue engineering requires triad of cells, inductive component and a scaffold on
which growth can occur. Previously periodontal treatment was aimed to selectively repopulate the defect site with cell that has capability to regenerate lost tissue by using the
concept of guided tissue regeneration. However, this technique is not always possible. Use of scaffolds that can also deliver cells required for regeneration to occur is relatively a newer concept. A biomaterial is defined as a nonviable material used in a medical device, intended
to interact with biological systems. For a device to be effective, it has to meet certain criteria
based on organ and tissue properties and specific goals. Every material available in market has its own advantages and disadvantages. This review will mainly focus on the devices along with the advancement taking place related to cell delivery system.
KEYWORDS regeneration, tissue engineering, scaffold, cell delivery system.
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents,and royalties through this collaborative research.
All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the
official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Case Report
Pietro Gareri1, Alberto Castagna1*,Giovanni Ruotolo2,Alfonso Merante2,Gaetano Russo2, Giovambattista De Sarro3
1 Geriatrician ASP Catanzaro - Ambulatory for Cognitive Disorders Catanzaro Lido and Soverato, Catanzaro, Italy
2 Geriatric Unit Azienda Ospedaliera “Pugliese-Ciaccio, Catanzaro, Italy
3 Chair of Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
Address reprint requests to
*Alberto Castagna,
Geriatrician Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Catanzaro,Ambulatory for Cognitive Disorders, Casa della Salute Chiaravalle Centrale (Catanzaro), Via Ceravolo, Chiaravalle Centrale (Catanzaro), Italy
Article citation: Gareri P, Castagna A, Ruotolo G, Merante A, Russo G, De Sarro G. Drug-induced delirium: A frequent and important matter for geriatricians. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(01):71–75. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Use and abuse of drugs, especially if inappropriate, are among the most frequent causes of delirium in elderly people. This article describes an interesting case report on drug-induced delirium in a 74-year-old woman taking several drugs. She was hospitalised for fall and functional inability to lower limbs. She was affected with hypertension, depression and she had undergone surgery and radiotherapy for breast cancer. She had been complaining cognitive impairment for 2 years. Patient was treated with amlodipine 5 mg, ramipril 5 mg, aspirin 100 mg, chlorimipramine 25 mg twice a day. Brain CT scan and spine MRI pointed out multiple dorsolumbar herniated discs. She was visited by a medical doctor who was a specialist in pain treatment; he prescribed oxycodone/naloxone 5/2.5 mg twice/day. After discharge she complained persistent pain, the specialist in pain treatment increased oxycodone/naloxone 5/2.5 mg up to 3 times daily. After 1 week, patient suddenly presented hyperactive delirium. She underwent geriatric consulting; tricyclic drug and opioid analgesics were interrupted and started oral haloperidol 1.5 mg and intramuscular citicoline 1000 mg. After 3 days, symptoms had disappeared and patient gradually recovered. The present case report is a typical example of drug-induced delirium. Geriatric competence is closely required when one needs to examine the possible interference among drugs in poly-treated patients affected with several diseases, or for example when a drug is used in this group of patients but is strictly contraindicated.
KEYWORDS elderly, drug-induced delirium, drug-drug interactions, inappropriate drugs
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest:
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
Rajeev Kumar1,Swati Trivedi2,Mehta RK3,Jain Sunita4
1 Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, Rama Medical College,Kanpur, India
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, Rama Medical College,Kanpur, India
3 Professor & HOD Department of Anaesthesia, Rama Medical College,Kanpur, India
4 Professor, Department of Anaesthesia,Rama Medical College, Kanpur, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Anaesthesia, Rama Medical College, Kanpur, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr. Rajeev Kumar, C-17, Newazad Nagar, Kalyanpur, Kanpur 208018, Uttar Pradesh
Article citation: Rajeev K, Trivedi S, Mehta RK, Sunita J. Effect of dexmedetomine on haemodynamics and isoflorane requirement during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;6(01):6–9. Available at www.jpbms.info
Abstract
Minimal access surgery like laparoscopic cholecystectomy has several advantages like less pain, early mobilisation, shorten stay in hospital and better cosmetic results. Due to the haemodynamic response to pneumoperitoneum, laparoscopic procedures are not free from risk. Uses of dexmedetomidine during general anaesthesia attenuate the haemodynamic response of pneumoperitoneum. In this study we evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on haemodynamic and the isoflorane requirement. A prospective randomised and double-blind study was conducted in 50 patients by dividing them in two groups. Group C as control (normal saline infusion) and Group D (dexmedetomine infusion) as test. Standard anaesthesia procedure is followed. During anaesthesia bispectral index (BIS) monitoring is done and it was maintained in the range of 40–60 with the titration in the dose of inhalational anaesthetic (isoflorane). Result shows that there is significant haemodynamic stability (P < 0.05) and 70% reduction in the requirement of isoflorane (P < 0.05) in Group D as compared to Group C. BIS was maintained in the range of 40–60. It is concluded that the use of Dexmedetomine results in better haemodynamic and requirement of inhalational anaesthetic can be reduced.
KEYWORDS dexmedetomine, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, BIS, anaesthesia
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents,and royalties through this collaborative research.All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the
official policy or position of the Department of Defense.