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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Manju1,Vanita Kumar1,Neelu Gupta1,Akhil Kapoor2*,Harvindra Singh Kumar2
1 Department of Pathology, Sardar Patel Medical College & Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
2 Department of Oncology, Acharya Tulsi Regional Cancer Treatment & Research Institute, Sardar Patel Medical College & Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner,Rajasthan, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr. Akhil Kapoor, Room No. 73, PG Boys Hostel, PBM Hospital Campus, Bikaner,Rajasthan, India 334003
Article citation: Manju, Kumar V, Gupta N, Kapoor A, Kumar HS. Role of bone marrow aspiration and biopsy in diagnosis of hematological disorders: a prospective study. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016; 06(03):150–154. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background The use of bone marrow biopsy as a diagnostic procedure is being increasingly used in recent years. In the present study, an attempt has been made to find out the diagnostic utility of bone marrow aspiration and biopsy with their comparative study. The objective of this study is to correlate the bone marrow aspiration and biopsy findings.
Materials and Methods This study was hospital-based prospective study in which 35 consecutive patients with haematological disorders were evaluated by both bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. The results were compared with that of previously published literature.
Results Out of 35 cases, maximum number of cases were of acute leukemias 12 (34.28%) followed by lymphoprotiferatide disorders 7 (25%), and one case (2.86%) of myelodysplastic syndrome. Bone marrow aspiration resulted in dry tap in 4 (11.42%)cases, which was observed in aplastic anaemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, primary myelofibrosis and NHL, one case in each.
Conclusions Bone marrow biopsy is more reliable in assessing cellularity, bone marrow architectural pattern, distribution and fibrosis. Bone marrow biopsy is diagnostic investigation in ‘dry tap’ aspiration cases, which occur when the marrow is fibrotic or densely cellular. Overall both the procedures are complementary to each other and must be performed together for better evaluation of bone marrow.
KEYWORDS bone marrow aspiration, bone marrow biopsy, haematological disorders
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript. The first two authors contributed equally to the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Shastrulagari S. Shivani1*,Srujan Kumar M2
1.Department of Pharmaceutics, Samskruti College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
2.Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Research Center, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Pharmaceutics, Samskruthi College of Pharmacy
Address reprint requests to:
*Shastrulagari S. Shivani, House No: 6-1-700, Laxmi Nagar, Khairathabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Article citation: Shivani SS, Srujan MK. Novel vesicular carrier for enhanced transdermal delivery of tramadol hydrochloride transfersomal gel. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(03):139–144.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
The main aim of current probe is to formulate and evaluate transfersomal gel for effective transdermal delivery of Tramadol Hcl. It was investigated by encapsulating the drug in various formulations which composed of various ratios of phosphatidyl choline, propylene glycol and ethanol prepared by lipid film hydration by conventional rotary evaporation method. The shapes of most Tramadol Hcl-containing Transfersomes were found to be spherical from SEM analysis. The percentage entrapment efficiency of optimised formulation T5 were found to be 92.71±0.56. The prepared formulations had been characterised for the loaded drug amount and vesicle size. The prepared vesicular systems were incorporated into 1% carbopol 934 gel. In vitro skin permeation studies were carried out by cellophane membrane using a Franz diffusion cell. Transfersome gel was found to increase the skin permeation and deposition showing a controlled effect.
KEYWORDS Tramadol hydrochloride, Transfersomes, transdermal delivery, entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug permeation studies
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Acknowledgement: The author wish to thank the management of Samskruti College of Pharmacy and Comprime Labs Pvt Ltd for providing the necessary facilities for carrying out the research work. Also want to thank my parents, brothers for their support and encouragement.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.