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REVIEW ARTICLE
Ishwar Charan1,Kedar Nath1,Namrata Jagawat2,Akhil Kapoor3*
1 Department of Surgery, Sardar Patel Medical College and Associated Group of hospitals, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
2 Department of Radiology, BJ Medical College and Associated Group of hospitals, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
3 Department of Oncology, Sardar Patel Medical College and Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr. Akhil Kapoor, Room No. 73, PG Boys Hostel, Bikaner, Rajasthan 334003, India
Article citation: Charan I, Nath K, Jagawat N, Kapoor A. Neoplasms arising from the salivary gland: a comprehensive review. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(03): 145–149.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Salivary gland neoplasms make up 6% of all head and neck tumours. About 80% of parotid neoplasms are benign, with the relative proportion of malignancy increasing in the smaller glands. Carefully planned and executed surgical excision is the primary treatment for all primary salivary gland tumours. An electronic search of the Pubmed database was performed to obtain key literature in the field of salivary gland neoplasm and its management. The data from the relevant articles were studied and evaluated to write this review article.
KEYWORDS parotid tumour, salivary gland, neoplasm, management.
REFERENCES
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13.Kim WS, Lee HS, Park YM, et al. Surgical outcomes of parotid cancer: a 10-year experience. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2012;147(2 Suppl):180–1.
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15.Terhaard CH, Lubsen H, Van der Tweel I, Hilgers FJ, Eijkenboom WM, Marres HA, et al. Salivary gland carcinoma: independent prognostic factors for locoregional control, distant metastases, and overall survival: results of the Dutch head and neck oncology cooperative group. Head Neck. 2004;26(8):681–92; discussion 692–3.
16.Wax MK, Kaylie DM. Does a positive neural margin affect outcome in facial nerve grafting? Head Neck. 2007;29(6):546–9.
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19.Iseli TA, Karnell LH, Preston TW, Graham SM, Funk GF, Buatti JM, et al. Facial nerve sacrifice and radiotherapy in parotid adenoid cystic carcinoma. Laryngoscope. 2008;118(10):1781–6.
20.Casler JD, Conley JJ. Surgical management of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the parotid gland. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1992;106(4):332–8.
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript. The first two authors contributed equally to the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Shastrulagari S. Shivani1*,Srujan Kumar M2
1.Department of Pharmaceutics, Samskruti College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
2.Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Research Center, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Pharmaceutics, Samskruthi College of Pharmacy
Address reprint requests to:
*Shastrulagari S. Shivani, House No: 6-1-700, Laxmi Nagar, Khairathabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Article citation: Shivani SS, Srujan MK. Novel vesicular carrier for enhanced transdermal delivery of tramadol hydrochloride transfersomal gel. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(03):139–144.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
The main aim of current probe is to formulate and evaluate transfersomal gel for effective transdermal delivery of Tramadol Hcl. It was investigated by encapsulating the drug in various formulations which composed of various ratios of phosphatidyl choline, propylene glycol and ethanol prepared by lipid film hydration by conventional rotary evaporation method. The shapes of most Tramadol Hcl-containing Transfersomes were found to be spherical from SEM analysis. The percentage entrapment efficiency of optimised formulation T5 were found to be 92.71±0.56. The prepared formulations had been characterised for the loaded drug amount and vesicle size. The prepared vesicular systems were incorporated into 1% carbopol 934 gel. In vitro skin permeation studies were carried out by cellophane membrane using a Franz diffusion cell. Transfersome gel was found to increase the skin permeation and deposition showing a controlled effect.
KEYWORDS Tramadol hydrochloride, Transfersomes, transdermal delivery, entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug permeation studies
REFERENCES
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9.Vinod KR, Kumar MS, Anbazhagan S, Sandhya S, Saikumar P,Rohit RT, et al. Critical issues related to transfersomes—novel vesicular system. Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment. 2012;11(1):67–82.
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Acknowledgement: The author wish to thank the management of Samskruti College of Pharmacy and Comprime Labs Pvt Ltd for providing the necessary facilities for carrying out the research work. Also want to thank my parents, brothers for their support and encouragement.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
Renu Agarwal1,Rita Hajela2*,GS Kochhar3,Naveen Jain4
1 Senior Resident, Department of Pediatrics, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Solan, India
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Flat No. B-13, Type B residence, Solan, 173229, India
3 Senior Consultant, Department of Pediatrics, Maharaja Agrasen Hospital, Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi, India
4 Senior Consultant, Department of Pediatrics, Maharaja Agrasen Hospital, Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr. Rita Hajela, Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Flat No. B-13, Type B residence, Solan, 173229, India
Article citation: Agarwal R, Hajela R, Kochhar GS, Jain N. Optimum initiating pressure of nasal CPAP in newborns with moderate respiratory distress: a randomised controlled trial. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(03):189–192.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Objective To decide the optimum initiating pressure of nasal CPAP in newborns with respiratory distress.
Methods The study was done in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) between November 2009 and November 2011 as a prospective randomised trial in 50 newborns with respiratory distress with Silverman Anderson score of 4–6, excluding babies with major congenital malformation, severe cardiovascular instability and frequent apnea at birth or requiring surfactant at birth. Alternate newborn enrolled was put on nasal CPAP with PEEP of 5 cm of water and FiO2 of 50% or PEEP of 7 cm of water and FiO2 of 50%. Clinical and investigative monitoring was done with X-ray chest on admission to confirm indication and repeated at 3–5 h to check lung expansion and rule out any contraindication or complication. USG Skull was done between 3–5 days to rule out intracranial hemorrhage.
Results Twenty-five babies in each group were put on nasal CPAP with starting FiO2 of 50% and PEEP of 5 cm of water in one group and FiO2 of 50% and PEEP of 7 cm of water in other group. No statistically significant difference was found between various characteristics of both groups like sex, mode of delivery, gestation and birth weight etc. All the patients survived in each group and there was no statistically significant difference between the outcomes of each group. Two patients on initial PEEP of 5 cm group failed on CPAP and three patients on PEEP 7 group failed and had to be shifted on mechanical ventilation.
Conclusions There is no difference in outcome of patients with initial PEEP of 5 cm of water or 7 cm of water. We should initiate CPAP on PEEP of 5 cm, as there is no benefit of starting at a higher PEEP of 7 cm of water; although we got a range of initiating pressure from 5 to 7 cm which is safe in newborns with respiratory distress.
KEYWORDS CPAP, respiratory distress, initiating pressure, newborn
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research.
All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
CASE REPORT
Shams UL Nisa1*,Tajinder Kaur Saggu2,Namrata Harchandani3,Shameeka Thopte4
1Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, Pune, India
2Reader, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Gurunank Dev Dental College & Research Institute, Sunam. Punjab, India
3Dental Practitioner, Sparkle Dental Hub, Advanced Centre for Orthodontics & Multi-Specialty Family Dental Care, E8-19/Gulmohar, opp. Ram Arcade, Savoy Complex Sq, BPL-39., Madhya Pradesh 462016
4Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, Pune, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr. Shams UL Nisa,
Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, Room no.: 14, Katraj–Dhankawadi, Pune, 411043, India
Article citation: Ul Nisa S, Saggu TK, Harchandani N, Thopte S. Pleomorphic adenoma of the upper lip: a case report. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(03):171–173.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign mixed tumour which is the most common benign tumour of salivary glands. It mostly occurs in the parotid or submandibular glands, but may also be found in the minor salivary glands that are distributed throughout the oral cavity. Surgical removal with adequate margins is the principal treatment. Due to its microscopic projections, this tumour requires a wide resection to avoid recurrence. The authors report a case of a pleomorphic adenoma in the upper lip, the second site for frequency for benign tumours of minor salivary glands, after the hard and soft palate.
KEYWORDS pleomorphic adenoma, minor salivary gland tumours, upper lip
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Manju1,Vanita Kumar1,Neelu Gupta1,Akhil Kapoor2*,Harvindra Singh Kumar2
1 Department of Pathology, Sardar Patel Medical College & Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
2 Department of Oncology, Acharya Tulsi Regional Cancer Treatment & Research Institute, Sardar Patel Medical College & Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner,Rajasthan, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr. Akhil Kapoor, Room No. 73, PG Boys Hostel, PBM Hospital Campus, Bikaner,Rajasthan, India 334003
Article citation: Manju, Kumar V, Gupta N, Kapoor A, Kumar HS. Role of bone marrow aspiration and biopsy in diagnosis of hematological disorders: a prospective study. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016; 06(03):150–154. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background The use of bone marrow biopsy as a diagnostic procedure is being increasingly used in recent years. In the present study, an attempt has been made to find out the diagnostic utility of bone marrow aspiration and biopsy with their comparative study. The objective of this study is to correlate the bone marrow aspiration and biopsy findings.
Materials and Methods This study was hospital-based prospective study in which 35 consecutive patients with haematological disorders were evaluated by both bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. The results were compared with that of previously published literature.
Results Out of 35 cases, maximum number of cases were of acute leukemias 12 (34.28%) followed by lymphoprotiferatide disorders 7 (25%), and one case (2.86%) of myelodysplastic syndrome. Bone marrow aspiration resulted in dry tap in 4 (11.42%)cases, which was observed in aplastic anaemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, primary myelofibrosis and NHL, one case in each.
Conclusions Bone marrow biopsy is more reliable in assessing cellularity, bone marrow architectural pattern, distribution and fibrosis. Bone marrow biopsy is diagnostic investigation in ‘dry tap’ aspiration cases, which occur when the marrow is fibrotic or densely cellular. Overall both the procedures are complementary to each other and must be performed together for better evaluation of bone marrow.
KEYWORDS bone marrow aspiration, bone marrow biopsy, haematological disorders
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript. The first two authors contributed equally to the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.