DocumentsDate added
Original article
Gulab Kanwar1,Kshetrapal Singh Shekhawat2*,Shalini Rathore3,Kusum Bala Jain2
1MD, Professor and HOD, Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College,Kota, Rajasthan, India
2PG Resident, Department of Biochemistry,Government Medical College, Kota,Rajasthan, India
3 MD, Goverment Jaipuria Hospital, Jaipur,Rajasthan, India
ABSTRACT
India is being called the diabetic capital of the world, with over 30 million diabetic individuals. Anthropometric parameters have evolved into reliable indicators for predicting the incidence of diabetes mellitus.
Materials and Methods A total of 100 patients collected from New Medical Hospital, Kota (Rajasthan), India. Weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference were measured. Waist–hip ratio (WHR) was calculated. Samples were analysed on autoanalyser.
Results and Discussion In the present study, we found that the WHR is not significantly associated with lipid parameters in male patients except for TG and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Non-significant correlation was obtained in female patients. Statistically negative significant correlation was found in serum for HDL between fifth and sixth decade of life. No significant correlation was found in any other age groups.
Summary and Conclusion WC and WHR are the important indicators of obesity and can be used to predict incidence of obesity in Indian population. Further broad study is advised.
Keywords lipid profile, waist–hip ratio, diabetes mellitus
References:
1.Powers AC. Diabetes mellitus in: Harrison’s principles of internal medicine,17th ed., In: Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, et al. (eds). New Delhi: Mc Graw Hill; 2008. p. 2275–3002.
2.Visscher TL, Kromhout D, Seidell JC. Long-term and recent time trends in the prevalence of obesity among Dutch men and women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002;26:1218–24.
3.Ho SC, Chen YM, Woo JL, Leung SS, Lam TH, Janus ED. Association between simple anthropometric indices and cardiovascular risk factors. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001;25:1689–97.
4.Han TS, McNeill G, Seidell JC, Lean ME. Predicting intra-abdominal fatness from anthropometric measures: the influence of stature. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1997;21:587–93.
5.Lemieux S, Prud’homme D, Bouchard C, Tremblay A, Despres JP.A single threshold value of waist girth identifies normal-weight and overweight subjects with excess visceral adipose tissue. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996;64:685–93.
6.Hartz A, Rupley D, Rimm A. The association of girth measurements with disease in 32,856 women. Am J Epidemiol. 1984;119:71–80.
7.Ohlson LO, Larsson B, Svardsudd K, Welin L, Eriksson H, Wilhelmsen L, et al. The influence of body fat distribution on the incidence of diabetes mellitus: 13.5 years of follow-up of the participants in the study of men born in 1913. Diabetes. 1985;35:1055–8.
8.Berber A, Gómez-Santos R, Fanghänel G, Sánchez-Reyes L.Anthropometric indexes in the prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia in a Mexican population.Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001;25:1794–9.
9.Expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults. Executive summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III). JAMA. 2001;285:2486–97.
10.Despres JP, Allard C, Tremblay A, Talbot J, Bouchard C. Evidence for a regional component of body fatness in the association with serum lipids in men and women. Metabolism. 1985;34:967–973.
11.Denke MA, Sempos CT, Grundy SM. Excess body weight: an under-contributor to high blood cholesterol in White American men. Arch Int Med. 1993;153:1093–1103.
12.Hu D, Hannah J, Gray RS, Jablonski KA, Henderson JA, Robbins DC, et al. Effects of obesity and body fat distribution on lipids and lipoproteins in nondiabetic American Indians: the strong heart study. Obes Res. 2000;8:411–421.
13.Pihl E, Jurimae T. Relationship between body weight change and cardiovascular risk factors in male former athletes. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001;25(7):1057–1062.
14.Baynes C, Henderson AD, Anyaoku V, Richmond W, Johnston DG, Elkeles RS. The influence of regional adiposity on atherogenic risk factors in men and women with type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 1991;8(5):458–463.
15.Al-Mukhtar SB, Al-Hamdani RY, Al-Naemi AH. Obesity and lipid profile in type 2 diabetics. Tikrit Med J. 2006;12(1):15–21.
16.Himabindu Y, Sriharibabu M, Alekhya K, Saisumanth K,Lakshmanrao N, Komali K. Correlations between anthropometry and lipid profile in type 2 diabetics. Indian J Endocr Metab2013;17:727–9.
17.Glover SJ, Burgess PI, Harding SP, Hof land HW, Zijlstra EE, et al. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, cataract and visual impairment in patients with diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012,96: 156–161.
18.Chandni R, Ramamoorthy KP. Lipoprotein(a) in type 2 diabetic subjects and its relationship to diabetic microvascular complications. World J Diabetes. 2012;3(5):105–109.
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the
official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
Wen-Shan Huang1,Yi-Fang Li1,Huan Chen1,Ting-Mei Wang1,Hiroshi Kurihara1,2, Rong-Rong He1,2*
1Anti-Stress and Health Research center,College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
2Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
Address reprint requests to
*Rong-Rong He,
Anti-Stress and Health Research center, College of Pharmacy,Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
Article citation: Huang WS, Li YF, Chen H, Wang TM, Kurihara H, He RR. The ameliorative effects of CE (a chicken extract) on learning and memory function of restraint-stressed mice. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(03):259–263. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
In this study, we studied the effects of Chicken Essence (CE) on learning and memory function of restraint-stressed mice. Male Kunming mice of 7-week-old were randomly divided into five groups as follows: normal control, restraint stress control, low dosage of CE (12 ml/kg/d, CE-L) and high dosage of CE (24 ml/kg/d, CE-H). The normal control group and restrain stress control group received water only. On the 14th day of administration,all mice were conducted to step through training, and physically restrained
in a 50 ml restrained tube with holes for 18 h except for normal control mice. All mice were conducted to step through testing, 1 day after restraint stress. All animals were anesthetized, their brains and blood were obtained. We determined the neuron protective transmitters, dopamine hydrochloride and norepinephrine level in brain and plasma via ESA–HPLC. The results showed that the administration of CE could improve the impaired function of learning and memory. Furthermore, it also recovered the changed levels of neurotransmitters in brain or plasma in restraint-stressed mice.
Keywords learning and memory; restraint stress; stress hormone
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the
official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
Chongwei Chen1, Guohua Cheng2*
1 Candidate for degree of master in Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West,Guangzhou, China, P.C. 510632
2 Professor, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, China, P.C. 510632
Address reprint requests to
*Guohua Cheng,
Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou,China, P.C. 510632
Article citation: Chen C, Cheng G. Nedaplatin plus docetaxel in the treatment of advanced oesophageal cancer: a retrospective study in China. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(03):255–258.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background Currently, there is no standard chemotherapy for advanced oesophageal cancer, especially for those with recurrent or metastatic one.
Objective To retrospectively investigate the efficacy and safety of combination of nedaplatin with docetaxel in the treatment of Chinese patients with advanced oesophageal cancer.
Methods Patients with advanced oesophageal cancer from two specialist hospitals in Guangzhou received intravenously 60 mg/m2 docetaxel for 1 h, followed by 80 mg/m2 nedaplatin for 2 h, on day 1 for every 28 days. Cycles continued until documented disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or patient’s refusal. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to estimate survival time.
Results Between 2008 and 2013, 368 patients were enrolled into the study. A total of 26 patients achieved complete response and 170 patients achieved partial response. The
median of progression-free survival and overall survival were 4.4 months and 8.8 months, respectively. The non-hematological toxicities were generally mild to moderate; severe hematological toxicities included neutropenia and anaemia, which observed in 85 (23.1%) patients and 112 (30.4%) patients; thrombocytopenia was mild (mostly Grade1); there were no febrile neutropenia and treatment-related death.
Conclusions The combination regimen of nedaplatin with docetaxel is effective and safe.
Keywords chemotherapy, docetaxel, oesophageal cancer, nedaplatin, retrospective study
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the
official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
Ting-Mei Wang1,Yi-Fang Li1,Hiroshi Kurihara1,2,Rong-Rong He1*
1 Anti-Stress and Health Research Center,College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
2 Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
Address reprint requests to
*Rong-Rong He, PhD, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University,Guangzhou, China
Article citation: Wang TM, Li YF, Kurihara H, He RR. Toxicity induced by Madopar (l-DOPA) during curing Parkinson’s disease by inhibiting mitochondrial function and AKT pathway. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(03):250–254.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Complexity myelofibrosis diagnosis at an early stage is that it takes place under other conditions mask: anaemia, abdominal pain, enlarged liver and spleen. This article describes
a case of myelofibrosis in a child, when the diagnosis was made late, which resulted in a poor prognosis.
KEYWORDS myelofibrosis, myeloproliferative disorders, acute myeloid leukemia
REFERENCES
1.Dagur G, Warren K, Schwamb R, Dalpiaz A, Gandhi J, Khan S.Neuro-urological manifestations of Parkinson’s disease. Int J Neurosci. 2016;126:481–487.
2.Lindholm D, Mäkelä J, Di Liberto V, Mudo G, Belluardo N,Eriksson O, et al. Current disease modifying approaches to treat Parkinson’s disease. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2016;73:1365–79.
3.Dexter DT, Jenner P. Parkinson disease: from pathology to molecular disease mechanisms. Free Radic Biol Med. 2013;62:132–144.
4.Ishida Y, Ebihara K, Tabuchi M, Imamura S, Sekiguchi K,Mizoguchi K, et al. Yokukansan, a traditional Japanese medicine, enhances the l-DOPA-induced rotational response in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats: possible inhibition of COMT. Biol Pharm Bull. 2016;39:104–113.
5.Ghiglieri V, Mineo D, Vannelli A, Cacace F, Mancini M, Pendolino V, et al. Modulation of serotonergic transmission by eltoprazine in l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia: behavioral, molecular, and synaptic mechanisms. Neurobiol Dis. 2016;86:140–153.
6.Park KH, Shin KS, Zhao TT, Park HJ, Lee KE, Lee MK. l-DOPA modulates cell viability through the ERK-c-Jun system in PC12 and dopaminergic neuronal cells. Neuropharmacology. 2016;101:87–97.
7.Nikolaus S, Beu M, de Souza Silva MA, Huston JP, Hautzel H,Mattern C, et al. Relationship between l-DOPA-induced reduction in motor and exploratory activity and striatal dopamine D-2 receptor binding in the rat. Front Behav Neurosci. 2016;10:36.
8.Jang W, Park HH, Lee, KY, Lee YJ, Kim HT, Koh SH. 1,25-dyhydroxyvitamin D-3 attenuates l-DOPA-induced neurotoxicity in neural stem cells. Mol Neurobiol. 2015;51:558–570.
9.Lanzillotta A, Porrini V, Bellucci A, Benarese M, Branca C, Parrella E, et al. NF-kappa B in innate neuroprotection and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Front Neurol. 2015;6:98.
10.Gangarossa G, Guzman M, Prado VF, Prado MAM, Daumas S, El Mestikawy S, et al. Role of the atypical vesicular glutamate transporter VGLUT3 in l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Neurobiol Dis. 2016;87:69–79.
11.Park HY, Ryu YK, Kim YH, Park TS, Go J, Hwang JH, et al. Gadd45β ameliorates l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in a Parkinson’s disease mouse model. Neurobiol Dis. 2016;89:169–79.
12.Mu X, Yuan X, Du LD, He GR, Du GH. Antagonism of quercetin against tremor induced by unilateral striatal lesion of 6-OHDA in rats. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2016;18:65–71.
13.Zhang X, Li Y, Liu C, Fan R, Wang P, Zheng L, et al. Alteration of enteric monoamines with monoamine receptors and colonic dysmotility in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinson’s disease rats. Transl Res. 2015;166:152–162.
14.Yu ZH, Cai M, Xiang J, Zhang ZN, Zhang JS, Song XL, et al.PI3K/Akt pathway contributes to neuroprotective effect of Tongxinluo against focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016;181:8–19.
15.Feng X, Wu C, Yang M, Liu Q, Li H, Liu J, et al. Role of PI3K/Akt signal pathway on proliferation of mesangial cell induced by HMGB1. Tissue Cell. 2016;48:121–5.
16.Bove J, Martinez-Vicente M, Dehay B, Perier C, Recasens A, Bombrun A, et al. BAX channel activity mediates lysosomal disruption linked to Parkinson disease. Autophagy. 2014;10:889–900.
17.Rekha KR, Selvakumar GP. Gene expression regulation of Bcl2, Bax and cytochrome-C by geraniol on chronic MPTP/ probenecid induced C57BL/6 mice model of Parkinson’s disease. Chem Biol Interact. 2014;217:57–66.
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest:The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript. The first two authors contributed equally to the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the
official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Huan Chen1,2,Yi-Fang Li1,Chong Jie1,Hiroshi Kurihara1,2,Rong-Rong He1*
1Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University,Guangzhou, China
2 Changsha Medical University, Changsha,China
Address reprint requests to
*Rong-Rong He, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
Article citation: Chen H, Li YF, Jie C,Kurihara H, He RR. Effects of chicken extract on 5-HT level in mice loaded with restraint stress. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(03):244–249.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Chicken extract (CE), which is composed of water-soluble substances extracted from chicken by double boiling, could enhance mental efficiency and are helpful to the recovery from postpartum sickness and mental fatigue. But, little information is available regarding its underlying mechanisms. 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), as a central neurotransmitter, involves in various functional changes of brain. In our study, we studied the effects of CE on 5-HT level in restraint-stressed mice. Male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups as follows: normal, restraint stress, restraint stress + 12 mL/kg/d CE (CE-L),
restraint stress + 24 mL/kg/d CE (CE-H). On the 14th day of administration, all mice were physically restrained in a 50 mL polypropylene centrifuge tube with holes for 18 h except for normal group. All mice were diethyl ether-anesthetised, 1 day after restraint stress and their brains were obtained for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The levels of 5-HT in plasma, cerebral cortex and hippocampus were also determined by high performance liquid chromatography with an electrochemical detection. The results showed that CE could recover the changed levels of 5-HT in brain or plasma induced by restraint stress, the mechanism may be related to its modulation on tryptophan hydroxylase activity.
KEYWORDS chicken extract; 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT); restraint stress
REFERENCES
1.Glaser R, Kiecolt-Glaser JK. Stress-induced immune dysfunction:Implications for health. Nat Rev Immunol. 2005;5:243–251.
2.Keller SE, Schleifer SJ, Demetrikopoulos MK. Stress-induced changes in immune function in animals: hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal influences. In: Psychoneuroimmunology. New York: Academic Press; 1991. pp. 771–784.
3.He RR, Wang M, Wang CZ, Chen BT, Lu CN, Yao XS, et al.Protective effect of apple polyphenols against stress-provoked influenza viral infection in restraint mice. J Agric Food Chem. 2011;59:3730–3737.
4.Li YF, He RR, Tsoi B, Li XD, Li WX, Abe K, et al. Anti-stress effects of carnosine on restraint-evoked immunocompromise in mice through spleen lymphocyte number maintenance. PloS one. 2012;7:e33190.
5.Elzinga BM, Bakker A, Bremner JD. Stress-induced cortisol elevations are associated with impaired delayed, but not immediate recall. Psych Res. 2005;134:211–223.
6.Payne J, Jackson ED, Ryan L, Hoscheidt S, Jacobs JW, Nadel L. The impact of stress on neutral and emotional aspects of episodic memory. Memory. 2006;14:1–16.
7.Schwabe L, Bohringer A, Chatterjee M, Schachinger H. Effects of pre-learning stress on memory for neutral, positive and negative words: different roles of cortisol and autonomic arousal. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2008;90;44–53.
8.Cahill L, Gorski L, Le K. Enhanced human memory consolidation with post-learning stress: interaction with the degree of arousal at encoding. Learn Mem. 2003;10:270–274.
9.Roozendaal B. Glucocorticoids and the regulation of memory consolidation. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2000;25;213–238.
10.Wolf OT. The influence of stress hormones on emotional memory: relevance for psychopathology. Acta Psychol. 2008;127:513–531.
11.Buchanan TW, Tranel D, Adolphs R. Impaired memory retrieval correlates with individual differences in cortisol response but not autonomic response. Learn Mem. 2006;13:382–387.
12.Dominique JF, Roozendaal B, McGaugh JL. Stress and glucocorticoids impair retrieval of long-term spatial memory. Nature. 1998;394:787–790.
13.Schwabe L, Wolf OT. The context counts: congruent learning and testing environments prevent memory retrieval impairment following stress. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2009;9:229–236.
14.Matsumura Y, Okui T, Ono H, Kiso Y, Tanaka T. Antihypertensive effects of chicken extract against deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt-induced hypertension in rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 2001;24:1181–1184.
15.Kurihara H, Yao XS, Nagai H, Tsuruoka N, Shibata H, Kiso Y,et al. The protective effect of brand’s essence of chicken (bec) on energy metabolic disorder in mice loaded with restraint stress. J Health Sci. 2006;52:17–23.
16.Nagai H, Harada M, Nakagawa M, Tanaka T, Gunadi B, Setiabudi MJ, et al. Effects of chicken extract on the recovery from fatigue caused by mental workload. Appl Human Sci. 1996;15:281–286.
17.Geissler C, Boroumand-Naini M,Tomassen C. Large acute thermic response to chicken essence in humans. Nutr Rep Int USA. 1989.
18.Nagai K, Suda T, Kawasaki K,Yamaguchi Y. Acceleration of metabolism of stress-related substances by l-carnosine. Nihon Seirigaku Zasshi. 1989;52:221–228.
19.Kurihara H. Correlation between changes of central neurotransmitter expression and stress response in mice a restraint timecourse analysis. Neural Regener Res. 2008;2:012.
20.McCarthy M, Nielsen D, Goldman D. Antisense oligonucleotide inhibition of tryptophan hydroxylase activity in mouse brain. Regul Pept. 1995;59:163–170.
21.Cabib S, Puglisi-Allegra S. Opposite responses of mesolimbic dopamine system to controllable and uncontrollable aversive experiences. J Neurosci. 1994;14:3333–3340.
22.Rossetti ZL, Lai M, Hmaidan Y,Gessa GL. Depletion of mesolimbic dopamine during behavioral despair: Partial reversal by chronic imipramine. Eur J Pharmacol. 1993;242:313–315.
23.Amat J, Matus-Amat P, Watkins LR, Maier SF. Escapable and inescapable stress differentially alter extracellular levels of 5-ht in the basolateral amygdala of the rat. Brain Res. 1998;812:113–120.
24.Xu C, Sim M. Effect of oral feeding of essence of chicken on the level of 5-hydroxyindoie acetic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid of the rat. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 1997;48:113–117.
25.Russo S, Kema IP, Bosker F, Haavik J, Korf J. Tryptophan as an evolutionarily conserved signal to brain serotonin: Molecular evidence and psychiatric implications. World J Biol Psychiatr.2009;10:258–268.
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest:The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript. The first two authors contributed equally to the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the
official policy or position of the Department of Defense.