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Original article
Gao Ruitao1,Ou Yang1,Liu Wu1,Wang Gaofang1,Li Sha2,Jiang Jie1,3*
1 Institute of New Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
3 Dongguan Institute of Jinan University, Dongguan 523808, China
Address reprint requests to:
*Jiang Jie, Institute of New Drug Research,College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Dongguan Institute of Jinan University, Dongguan 523808, China
Article citation: Ruitao G, Yang O, Wu L,Gaofang W, Sha L, Jie J. Influence of ortho group introduction on the alkylation of phenolic hydroxyl of apocynin. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(07):414–418.
ABSTRACT
Apocynin was widely studied in inflammation and oxidative stress related diseases and showed effectiveness. Structure-activity relationship study was carried out and intended
to figure out new lead compounds of better efficacy. In the structure-activity relationship study of apocynin, different ortho group introduction was found to obviously affect the alkylation of phenolic hydroxyl. In this work, different ortho substituents of apocynin phenolic hydroxyl were designed and synthesized to further discuss their influence on the reaction activity of the phenolic hydroxyl group. When compared with the introduction of electron withdrawing group, aldehyde group (–CHO), introduction of electron donating group, amine group (–NH2), at the ortho position improved the reactivity of phenolic hydroxyl. It enabled the alkylation of phenolic hydroxyl easily occurring under a mild condition with a yield increase at least 26%, thus facilitated the modification of apocynin in further steps.
KEYWORDS apocynin, alkylation, phenolic hydroxyl, ortho substituent
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: This research was supported by the National Natural Science Funds of China (81441128) and the National Science and Technology Support Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2013BAH08F04) to Jiang Jie..
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research.
All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
C. Sridhar1*,C. Anuradha2,C. Krithika3,Ramachandran Sudarshan4
1 Department of Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Omandurar Government estate, Chennai, India
2 Department of Anaesthesiology, Madras Medical College, Chennai, India
3 Department of Oral medicine and radiology, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
4 Department Oral Medicine and radiology, Ultra Best Dental College and Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
Address reprint requests to:
*Dr. C. Sridhar, MD
Professor of Medicine, Government Medical College, Omandurar Government estate, Chennai
Article citation: C. Sridhar, C. Anuradha,C. Krithika, R. Sudarshan. Evaluation of habit patterns and clinical findings of oral submucous fibrosis in South Indian population. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(07):425–432. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the habit patterns and clinical features of oral submucous fibrosis.
Materials and Methods A hospital-based cross sectional study was conducted in a sample of 75 subjects with clinically diagnosed oral submucous fibrosis. Prior to the treatment, a detailed habit history was elicited. Clinical symptoms and signs were recorded. Mouth opening, cheek flexibility and tongue protrusion were also recorded.
Results 93.33% had the habit of using processed areca nut products like Gutkha (54.66%), Mawa (20%). The burning sensation was the most common symptom seen in 82% of cases, followed by restricted mouth opening. Blanching and palpable fibrous bands were present in all cases. The mean mouth opening of the sample was 32.73 (±9.10) mm, cheek flexibility was 6.48 (±3.06) mm, and tongue protrusion was 43.92 (±10.24) mm.
Conclusion It is important to be familiar with the habit patterns and clinical features of oral submucous fibrosis to facilitate early diagnosis and prompt management to reduce oral cancer-related morbidity and mortality.
KEYWORDS oral submucosa fibrosis, oral cavity, areca nuts
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflicts of interest: The authors have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
Samia MohamedAli Elamien1*,Omer Balla Ibrahim1,Selma Ali Albashir1
1 Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Sudan
Address reprint requests to:
*Samia MohamedAli Elamien,
Department of Chemical Pathology,Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al Khartoum University, Sudan
Article citation: Elamien SM, Ibrahim OB, Albashir SA. The effect of pulmomary tuberculosis infection on some biochemical levels on liver and kidney tests at abu-anja hospital, sudan. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(07):410–413.
ABSTRACT
Background Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Its exact aetiology has not been defined although several evidence indicate that various elements might play an important role in pulmonary tuberculosis changes in intracellular liver function, and renal function concentrations seem to be involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Objective The study was conducted to find out the role of pulmonary tuberculosis in liver and kidney impairments in newly diagnosed adult with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Methods The study group was composed of 50 newly adult diagnostic pulmonary tuberculosis(9 females and 41 males) while the group was 50 healthy individual (13 females and 37 males) controls analysed for liver function tests and renal function test by automated chemistry analysers (mind ray chemistry analyser Bs-200.
Results Both the serum liver function and renal function levels were significantly different in the pulmonary tuberculosis group as compared with the normal group.
Conclusion It can be concluded that a biochemical abnormality of liver and kidney level tests can play a significant role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis.
KEYWORDS pulmonary tuberculosis, liver, kidney, Abu, Anja.
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research.
All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Preeti B Agrawal*,Divyesh Goswami,Sajjan S Surana,Sujanani Shashi
Department of Pathology, Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur Rajasthan,India
Address reprint requests to:
*Dr Preeti B Agrawal, 174/A,P Road, Bhupalpura, Udaipur 313001,Rajasthan, India
Article citation: Agrawal PB, Goswami D, Surana SS, Shashi S. Pre-donation deferral of blood donors in tertiary care hospital attached to medical college in Southern Rajasthan. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(07):460–463. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Purpose The primary objective of this study is to record and document the current rate and reason for donor deferral in our tertiary care hospital in Southern Rajasthan.
Method A retrospective study of donors was carried out from the donor records in the blood bank of a tertiary hospital during period of April 2014 to April 2016. Detailed information of the donor deferral was recorded from deferral register. We used statistical method to detect the rate and reason for donor deferral.
Result and Conclusion Every blood bank should analyze the reasons of deferral amongst blood donors and utilize this analysis for addressing the issue and ameliorating the cause of deferral if possible.
KEYWORDS blood donor, deferred donor, NACO, SBTC, Pre-donation deferral
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research.
All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
YashPaul Dev Sharma,Preetinder Singh*,Raghav Yashbir,Kaur Manvir,Sharma Shivli,Wahi Ankur
Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Swami Devi Dyal Hospital and Dental College, Barwala, Panchkula
Address reprint requests to:
*Preetinder Singh, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology,Swami Devi Dyal Hospital and Dental College, Barwala, Panchkula
Article citation: Sharma YD, Singh P, Yashbir R, Manvir K, Shivli S, Ankur W. Outcome of vitamin D supplementation on Implant osseointegration in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease: a prospective randomized study. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(07):445–452. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Aim This study was aimed to investigate the effect of Vit D supplementation on implant osseointegration in CKD.
Settings and Design This was a prospective randomized study conducted on 20 patients with complaint of missing teeth and who had chronic kidney disease. After evaluation of the medical reports of the patients; medical consultancy was taken from the physician.
Materials and Methods Out of twenty patients ten were given vitamin D supplements (60,000 IU). Implants were placed under aseptic conditions. The following radiographic and clinical parameters were evaluated-1) Height of crestal bone. 2) Implant mobility. 3) Papilla fill index. 4) bleeding on probing.
Statistical Analysis Used The results were compiled and statistically analyzed using SPSS Version 19 Version. The Mann–Whitney U Test was used for the intergroup comparison and Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test for the intra-group comparison.
Results Statistically, significant results were seen in Group I, which were on vitamin D supplementation in relation to osseointegration when compared to group II. It demonstrated that weekly supplementation with 60,000 IU of cholecalciferol for 12 weeks is an effective way of correcting vitamin D status in patients with CKD stage 3 and 4 which also, helps in the formation of bone for osseointegration.
Conclusion Implants placed in patients with CKD on vitamin D supplementation were more successfully osseointegrated and functional, which was confirmed clinically and radiographically.
KEYWORDS dental implants; chronic kidney diseases; bone mineralization; osseointegration; parathyroid hormone (PTH)
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.