DocumentsDate added
Review article:-
Puratchikody A 1, *Swarnalatha S 2
1.Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, AnnaUniversity, Tiruchirappalli – 620 024, India.
2.K.R.S Pallavan College of Pharmacy, Thandalam, Chennai – 602 105, India .
Abstract:-Many herbal remedies have been employed in various medicinal systems for the treatment and management of different diseases .The Indigofera Asplathoides commonly known as “Sivanar Vembu” has been recognized in different system of traditional medicines for the treatment of different diseases and ailments of human beings. This review supports all updated information on its pharmacognosy, pharmacological activity and traditional uses. Preliminary phytochemical screening of this plant revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycoside, and steroids. It has been reported as anticancer, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic activity. The leaves, flowers and tender shoots of the plant were said to be cooling and demulcent and are employed as a decoction in leprosy and cancerous infections. There is no report available on isolated constituents of bioactive compound from whole plants Indigofera Aspalathoides which support its further to isolating a useful pharmacologically active compound as a drug.
Key words:- Indigofera Aspalathoides, Sivanar vembu, Pharmacognostical, Pharmacological, Traditional uses.
Review article:-
A B Roge*, S N Firke, S B Gaikwad, V N Gunjkar, Dr. S M Vadvalkar Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Nanded Pharmacy College, Shyam Nagar, Nanded,India.
Abstract:-Bioadhesion is the relatively new and emerging concept in drug delivery, Bioadhesion keeps the delivery system adhering to the mucus membrane. Transmucosal drug delivery systems show various merits over conventional drug delivery systems. Bioadhesive polymers facilitate the bioadhesion by their specific properties. In transmucosal drug delivery system, bioadhesive polymer plays major role along with active ingredients. Bioadhesive polymers that adhere to the mucin epithelial surface are effective and lead to significant improvement in drug delivery system. Improvements are also expected for other mucus-covered sites of drug administration. Bioadhesive polymers find application in the eye, nose, and vaginal cavity as well as in the GI tract, including the buccal cavity and rectum. This review focus on Bioadhesion, Important Factors of Bioadhesion, Ideal Characteristics, Classification, Description and Application of bioadhesive polymer.
Keywords:-Bioadhesion, Mucin, Rectum, Transmucosal drug delivery systems.
Original research article:-
*Salah I. Kheder, Idris Eltayeb, Sania A I Shaddad, Isam Kheder.
*Ph.D Pharmacology-National College of Medical & Techenical sciencies, Deputy Pharmacy Program Co-ordinator,Pharmacy program,Khartoum-3783,Sudan.
Abstract:-Background: Antimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest challenges facing global public health. In the past sixty years, many classes of antimicrobial have been developed, but duration of benefit appeared to be limited: resistance has emerged to every antimicrobial class. Antimicrobial resistance seriously hampers treatment of infections and leads to increased length of stay, morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs, both in hospital and community settings. In the era of increasing bacterial resistance and in the absence of new effective antibacterial drugs, it is necessary to use the currently available agents optimally and appropriately. Of the interventions designed to reduce antibiotic resistant rates in hospitals, where antibiotic usage is high, is antibiotic cycling or rotation.
Method: A prospective quasi-experimental (pre & post intervention), nonrandomized, observational study, conducted in Ibn Sina Hospital at two surgical wards (Gastro-intestinal tract & Urology surgical wards), to evaluate the impact of antimicrobial cycling intervention in the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistance bacteria. Three antibiotic classes (cephalosporin, amoxiclave and ciprofloxacin) were systematically cycled for 3-4 months intervals over 2 years. Colonization with antibiotic-resistance bacteria was determined with intensive surveillance, through cultured a bacterial isolates taken from surgical wounds and urine and sensitivity test were performed for susceptibility.
Results: In all, 1681 surveillance samples obtained from 2359 eligible patients admitted to the Ibn Sina hospital. Of these samples 345 (20.5%) obtained from GIT ward as surgical and wound swabs, 1336 (79.5%) samples obtained from urology surgical ward (1197 urine samples and 139 surgical swabs). A decrease in the mortality rate was observed when comparing between the baseline period and most of the cyclic periods for each ward, but with no significant difference. Length of stay decreased from baseline period to cyclic period for each ward (GIT 13.3± 11.8 Vs 9.6± 8.7 ,p ≤ 0.229 ; Urology 11.9± 12.42 Vs 7.1± 5.5 p≤ 0.204).As general we notice that there is a divergent effect of the antimicrobial cycling on the prevalence of bacterial resistance. A slight decrease in mean resistance percentage, (R %) for all gram-positive bacteria (GPB) between baseline and cycle (VI) in GIT ward (decreased from 79% to 73%), while there is increase in mean (R %) for all gram-negative bacteria (GNB) for the same ward during same period (increased from 89% to 100%). In urology ward an increase in mean (R%) for GPB between baseline and cycle (VI) (increased from 81% to 97%),but a decrease in mean (R%) GNB for the same ward during the same period (decreased from 88% to 78%).
Conclusion: After two years follow-up our study was successes to stabilize antibiotic resistance, without significant reduction, especially when we put in consideration that the physicians' adherence to only the use of the cycled antimicrobial was poor and also erratic.
Key words: antibiotic resistance; antibiotic cycling; antibiotic rotation, antibiotic policy.
Original research article:-
1Siddiqui Aslam Iqbal*,M.Pharm(Pharmaceutics),1Bakde Bharti Vidya,M.Pharm (Pharmaceutic), 3Dr. Kiran K Tappar (Ph.D.)
1.Pataldhamal Wadhwani College of pharmacy, SGB Amravati University, Yavatmal-445001, Maharashtra, India.
2.Vidya Bharati College of pharmacy, Amravati, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract:-The present research work aimed to design a gastro retentive floating drug delivery system for sustained release of Diltiazem Hydrochloride. Diltiazem HCl has site specific drug absorption from upper part of gastrointestinal tract and it is insoluble at higher pH (i.e. lower part of GI tract), therefore poorly absorbed from lower part of GI tract. Unabsorbed drug causes impaired therapeutic effect, increases frequency of dose administration and contributes to more side effects. Therefore a gastro retentive dosage form is required to ensure the controlled drug delivery of Diltiazem HCl within a drug absorbable region. Various grades of low density polymers (HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M, HPMC K100M and Xanthan gum) were used for formulation of this system. They were prepared by physical blending of Diltiazem HCl, polymers and effervescent agent in varying ratios. The formulation was optimized on the basis of In vitro bouncy and In vitro release in 0.1 N HCL buffer solutions. In vitro buoyancy was found to be in the range of 10 to 25 seconds and percent swelling index in the range of 130 to 332 %. Floating time was more than 12 hrs. In vitro drug release of the optimized batch (F5) was found to be 94.15 % at the end of 12th hr and it show the best fit model as matrix and it shows non-fickian type of drug release. The floating tablets were also evaluated for uniformity of weight, hardness, friability, drug content and effect of hardness on floating lag time.
Keywords: Effect of Hardness on Floating Lag Time and Total, Floating time, In vitro, Buoyancy studies, Mechanism of release, Water uptake study.
Original research article:-
Rattan Deep Singh1, Juhi Mishra1, Anoop Kumar Dobriyal 2, *Aradhana1
1.Dept. of Biotechnology, S. Bhagwan Singh PG Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research, Balawala, Dehradun, India.
2.Dept. of Zoology and Biotechnology, Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Pauri Campus, Pauri-Garhwal, India.
Abstract:- The present study is based on analysis of various physio-chemical properties of crude extract of lectins from selected Phaseolus vulgaris landraces. The haemagglutination and sugar inhibiting properties differ among the landraces. Sample from Dhanpoo and Darchula show maximum haemagglutinating activity (16HU). The minimum inhibitory concentration of sugar among cultivars was found in the range of 25-50 mM. The haemagglutinating activity of lectins was found to be stable upto temperature of 700C, above which there was no haemagglutinating activity. Similarly the lectin activity was found to be stable at pH range of 7-8, which means haemagglutination activity is negligible in too acidic and basic medium. The crude extract of lectins was subjected for partial purification through ammonium sulphate precipitation and SDS-PAGE analysis. The molecular weight of lectin was found to be 34kd, which is similar to commercially prepared Phytohaemagglutinin used as a standard.
Keywords:-Phytohaemagglutinin, Sugar inhibition, Haemagglutination titer.