DocumentsDate added
Review article:-
*Jain Hitesh 1, Gediya Shweta K.1, Thakkar Dadhichi K.1, Mansuri Nasimabanu Y.1, Ashar Komal M.2, Pasha T.Y.3
1.Sigma Institute of Pharmacy, Baroda, Gujarat, India.
2.Baroda medical College, Baroda, Gujarat, India.
3.Pioneer Pharmacy College, Baroda, Gujarat, India.
Abstract:-Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) has the most extensive geographic distribution of the medically significant tick-borne viruses. Its causative agent is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the family Bunyaviridae, genus Nairovirus. The virus can be transmitted mainly through direct contact with blood or tissues from infected livestock or through bites of Hyalomma ticks. CCHF is a public health problem in many regions of the world, including Africa, Middle East, southern and Eastern Europe, and Western Asia. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus causes a hemorrhagic and toxic syndrome disease in humans and high mortality rates of up to 50%. The levels of liver enzymes, creatinine phosphokinase, and lactate dehydrogenase are raised, and bleeding markers are prolonged. Infection of the endothelium has a major pathogenic role. Besides direct infection of the endothelium, indirect damage by viral factors or virus-mediated host-derived soluble factors that cause endothelial activations and dysfunction are thought to occur. In diagnosis, enzyme-linked immunoassay and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction are used.
Key Words: Crimean haemorrhagic fever (CCHF), Nairovirus, Ribavirin.
Review article:-
*Umashankar Lakshmanadoss1, Monika Moni1, Priya Chinnachamy 2 1.Division of Hospital Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD1, USA.
2.All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Abstract:-Blood transfusion is one of the common interventions done in the hospital setting on a daily basis. Complications of blood transfusions are becoming rare, thanks to the advanced technology. However, just because of the total number of transfusions, medical and paramedical persons may encounter these situations more often than thought. Complications related to blood transfusion may be divided in to acute and delayed transfusion reactions based on the time of presentations. Acute reaction ranges from allergic reactions and febrile nonhemolytic reactions which are benign to febrile hemolytic reactions which could be life threatening. In addition to these febrile reaction, development of hypoxia after transfusion is always concerning as this could be a manifestation of circulatory volume overload or Transfusion Related Lung Injury (TRALI). Differentiating TRALI from circulatory volume overload is very important as diuretics are indicated in circulatory overload and they are not useful in TRALI. Transfusion related infections are rare nowadays thanks to the advanced technology. Most common cause of blood transfusion errors are due to human errors. Transfusion is a multistep procedure and needs a constant vigil at various levels to prevent these complications. A unique barcode on each patient’s wristband is used to identify the patient’s cross-match blood samples and each unit of blood prepared for that patient. This program have been tested and implemented successfully in various institutions including the author's institution (UL). Here, we are presenting a patient who developed TRALI following blood transfusion. In this article, we also reviewed the complications of blood transfusion, ways to prevent them and their management.
Original research article:-
*Veerendra K. Nanjwade1, F. V. Manvi1, Shamrez Ali. M2, Basavaraj K. Nanjwade1
1.Department of Pharmaceutics, KLE University College of Pharmacy, JN Medical College Campus, Belgaum – 590010, Karnataka, India.
2.Simpex Pharma Pvt. Ltd, Sigaadi, Kotdwara – 246149, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India.
Abstract:-Pharmaceutical cocrystals are new solid forms with physicochemical properties that appear promising for drug product development.
Objective: In this study, we aimed to characterize the of Prulifloxacin-salicylic acid cocrystals by IR, DSC and PXRD in comparision with the pure drug.
Materials and Methods: Pharmaceutical cocrystals were prepared by the kneading method with aid of salicylic acid and urea as coformer. The cocrystals were subjected to various physicochemical studies and thermal methods.
Results and Discussion: The cocrystal of prulifloxacin , with salisylic acid (SA) has been shown to have higher solubility than prulifloxacin. In this study, we aimed to characterize the pure drug and the cocrystals with the salicylic acid and urea. Remarkably, two new cocrystals of prulifloxacin were discovered in this study. The study indicates that the improved aqueous solubility of the cocrystals leads to improved dissolution of Prulifloxacin. Thus, the cocrystals are a viable alternative solid form that can improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs.
Conclusion: Subsequently, differential scanning calorimetry was used to investigate the cocrystal formation. The formation of cocrystals was also verified using liquid-assisted grinding. The spectral patterns of prulifloxacin , salicylic acid and the complex were different.The physicochemical properties such as solubility and dissolution rate of this complex will be further investigated.
Key words: Pharmaceutical cocrystlas, Prulifloxacin, Salicylic acid, Complex.
Original research article:-
Tanuja Shailesh1, Dinesh Acharya U2, * Shailesh K R3
1,2.Dept. of CSE, MIT, Manipal University, Karnataka ,India.
3.Dept. of E & E, MIT, Manipal University, Karnataka , India.
Abstract:-Data mining has a wide use in the healthcare domain in areas such as diagnoses and patient management. One of the main concerns in the healthcare area is the measurement of flow of patients through hospitals and other health care facilities. For instance if the inpatient length of stay (LOS) can be predicted efficiently, the planning and management of hospital resources can be greatly enhanced. Hospital LOS of inpatients is frequently used as a proxy for measuring the consumption of hospital resources and therefore it is essential to develop accurate models for the prediction of inpatients LOS. In this paper we apply text mining techniques to pre-process the text data of electronic discharge summaries available in HTML format and apply traditional data mining techniques such as k-means clustering to analyze the textual information for classifying discharge summaries based on disease and patient’s length of stay in the hospital.
Keywords: Text mining, Discharge Summary, Regular Expression, feature extraction, Pattern recognition, length of stay, K-Means.
Original research article:-
1Padmapriya, B*., 1Leema , M.C.E., 1Anishya , R.S ., 1Dhivya Prabha , R ., 1Tamilarasi.G.
1.Department of Microbiology, School of Life sciences, Karpagam University. Coimbatore.21, TamilNadu, India.
Abstract:-According to World Health Report of Infectious diseases 2000, overcoming antibiotic resistance is the major issue of the WHO for the next millennium. Hence the last decade witnessed an increase in the investigation of plants as a source of human disease management. The aim of the present study was to investigate antibacterial activity of the various extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa and Solanum trilobatum. The powdered plant leaves materials were extracted in n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water and their antibacterial activities were examined against some collected clinical isolates using agar dilution method. The qualitative screening of phytochemical compounds of H. sabdariffa and S.trilobatum were performed. Ethanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa and hexane extract of Solanum trilobatum gave the highest inhibition against all the urinary isolates. The presence of starch, proteins, aminoacids, steroids, cardiac glycosides, saponin glycosides, coumarin glycosides, flavanoids, tannins ,phenolic compounds and the presence of steroids, cardiac glycosides and coumarin glycosides, aminoacids and flavanoids were observed in the phytochemical screening of H. sabdariffa and S. trilobatum extracts respectively. These findings reveals that antimicrobial activity especially against the urinary pathogens of the selected plant extracts may be due to the presence of these phytochemicals. The spectra of activities displayed by the extract signifies the potency of Hibiscus sabdariffa and Solanum trilobatum as a source of therapeutic agents and may provide leads in the on going search for antimicrobial agent from plants.
Keywords: Antimicrobial, Ethanolic extract, Hibiscus sabdariffa, phytocemical properties, Solanum trilobatum, Uropathogens.