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Original research article:- *,Autamashih Musa (M. Sc) 1 Isah Adamu B (Ph. D)1, Allagh Teriyila S (Ph. D)1, Ibrahim Musa A (Ph. D, Professor)2
1.Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharm. Micro., Faculty of Pharm. Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
2.Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharm. Sciences, University of Jos,Nigeria.
Abstract Context:- Leaves of Vernonia galamensis have been used for ages in folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The crude leaves extract is highly hygroscopic and deliquescent and efforts to use the common diluents; lactose, maize starch and magnesium carbonate for tablet formulation was futile as very poor quality tablets with many defects especially ‘sticking’ and ‘picking’ were produced. To counteract this deliquescent property, an efflorescent diluent; hydrophobic fumed silica, was carefully selected for the formulation. Aim: To investigate the effect of hydrophobic fumed silica in the tablet formulation of the deliquescent crude extract of Vernonia galamensis using selected standard binders. Materials and Methods: Materials included; hydrophobic fumed silica (Aerosil® R9200, Evonic Industries AR, Germany), maize starch and gelatin (May and Baker, Germany). Granule and tablet analyses were carried out according to standard procedures in the BP 2007. The mechanical strengths of tablets were assessed using the crushing strength-friability, disintegration time ratio (CSFR:DT) and the drug release properties using dissolution times. Statistical analysis: GraphPad Prism® version 5.03 software was used. Results and conclusions: An increase in binder concentration led to an increase in crushing strength, decrease in friability and increase in disintegration time of the tablets. Fumed silica used as diluent along with gelatin as binder produced the best quality tablets in terms of the CSFR:DT ratio and dissolution rate.
Key words:- Diabetes mellitus, Fumed silica, Vernonia galamensis.
Research article:- *Udegbunam, R.I1., Udegbunam, S.O2., Ugwuanyi, S.C3
1.MVSC; Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
2.MSC; Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
3.DVM; Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
Abstract:- The effects of the ethanol extract of Bridelia ferruginea stem bark on wound contraction and epithelization were evaluated in rats. After wound creation, 5% w/w ointment of Bridelia, gentamicin ointment and soft white paraffin were topically applied to the wounds of rats in the treatment groups. The percentage wound contraction of the Bridelia ointment treated rats was significantly higher than those of the base treated groups from day 9 after wounding. Complete epithelization was observed by day 18.2 ± 0.4 in the rats treated with the ointment of B. ferruginea. It was concluded that Bridelia ferruginea significantly enhanced wound contraction and epithelization. This finding provides further scientific evidence in support of its ethno medicinal use for wound healing.
Keywords:- Bridelia ferruginea, ethanol, gentamicin, excision wound, ointment.
Review article:- * D.R.Brahma Reddy1, Chattu.V.Sesha Sai Ram 2 , T.Saravan Kumar3, Kattamuri.S.Bharat kumar 4, Vaka.Yalamanda Reddy5, Ch.Taraka Lalitha Kumari6.
1.Siddharth Institute of Pharmacy, Kantepudi, Guntur, A.P, India.
2.Siddharth Institute of Pharmacy, Kantepudi, Guntur, A.P, India.
3.Siddharth Institute of Pharmacy, Kantepudi, Guntur, A.P, India.
4.Siddharth Institute of Pharmacy, Kantepudi, Guntur, A.P, India.
5.Siddharth Institute of Pharmacy, Kantepudi, Guntur, A.P, India.
6.Siddharth Institute of Pharmacy, Kantepudi, Guntur, A.P, India.
Abstract:-Drug delivery systems are becoming increasingly sophisticated as pharmaceutical scientists acquire a better understanding of the physicochemical and biochemical parameters pertinent to their performance. Over the past three decades, Rapimelts have gained considerable attention as a preferred alternative to conventional tablets and capsules due to there better patient compliance. Orally disintegrating tablets offer an advantage for populations who have difficulty in swallowing. Prescription Rapimelts products initially were developed to overcome the difficulty in swallowing conventional tablets with water among pediatric, geriatric, and psychiatric patients with dysphagia. Today, Rapimeltss are widely available as over-the-counter drugs for the treatment of allergies and cold and flu. Technologies used for manufacturing of orally disintegrating tablets are either conventional technologies or patented technologies. Important ingredients that are used in the formulation of Rapimelts should allow quick release of the drug, resulting in faster dissolution. Evaluation of these tablets are done by weight variation, friability, tensile strength, wetting time, water absorption ratio, In vitro dispersion time and. dissolution test.
Keywords:- Rapimelts , Orasolv, Tensile strength, Sublimation, Disintegration, Lyophillisation , Superdisintegrants
Research article:- * Gupta P.K.1, Chandola H.M 2, Harisha C.R.3, Shukla V.J.4, Varun B. Gupta5, Pankaj Nariya6
Institute for Post graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda ,Gujarat Ayurveda University , Jamnagar -361008 .
1 M.D. Scholar, Dept of Kayachikitsa, (Senior Medical Officer), Gujarat Ayurveda University , Jamnagar -361008, India.
2 Professor & Head-Kayachikitsa, Gujarat Ayurveda University , Jamnagar -361008, India. 3 Head- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Gujarat Ayurveda University , Jamnagar -361008, India.
4 Head, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Gujarat Ayurveda University , Jamnagar -361008, India.
5 PhD Scholar, Pharmacology lab, Gujarat Ayurveda University , Jamnagar -361008, India. 6 PhD Scholar, Pharmaceutical chemistry lab, Gujarat Ayurveda University , Jamnagar -361008, India.
Abstract:- Oleo-gum-resin of Shallaki (Boswellia serrata Roxb.) is a drug used by all systems of medicines, traditional as well as modern and prescribed in the management of inflammatory diseases viz bronchitis, osteo-arthritis etc. Pharmacognostical study counting both macroscopic and powder microscopy of raw drug exposed the quality and genuineness of all the constituents of Shallaki. Organoleptic features along with microscopically and chemical tests of coarse powder made out of the crude drugs were within the standard range. Loss on drying 20.74%, Total ash 0.949% w/v, water soluble and alcohol soluble extract were recorded 24.20% and 68.80% respectively. Volatile oil was present 2.4%. TLC and HPTLC were carried out after organizing appropriate solvent system in which maximum 5 spots were distinguished in TLC and up to 8 spots in HPTLC and most of the Rf values were identical when done with different sample extractive methods. This shows the presence of certain definite constituents in the drug sample and is helpful for the easy separation of these particles.
Keywords:- Boswellia serrata Roxb., oleogum-resin, Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry.
Original research article:- *Omprakash G. Bhusnure1, Sham S. Mokale2, Yogesh S.Nalwar2, Yeshwant B.Vibhute2
1.Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,Maharashtra College of Pharmacy,Nilanga, Dist.Latur, India.
2.P.G. Department of Chemistry, Yeshwant Mahavidyalaya, Nanded, India.
Abstract:- A series of 2-azetidinones and 4-thiazolidinones of 4,4'-sulfonyldianiline have been synthesized under microwave irradiation and conventional heating, 4,4'-sulfonyldianiline was condensed with hydroxy halogeno substituted aromatic aldehyde in Methanol/DMF in the presence of 1-2 drops of conc. HCl as a catalyst under conventional heating and microwave irradiation to yield the Schiff base respectively (1a-d). The Schiff’s bases (1a-d) on treatment with chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine gave 2-azetidinone (2a-d). Cyclocondensation of Schiff's bases with 2-mercaptosuccinic acid afforded 4-thiazolidinone derivatives (3a-d). The microwave assisted reaction was remarkably successful in higher yield at less reaction time compared to conventional heating method. Spectral data (IR, NMR and Mass spectra) confirmed the structures of the synthesized compounds. All the synthesized products are screened for their in vitro antibacterial, antifungal and anti-tubercular activity. The results indicated that the synthesized compounds have moderate to potent activities at low and high concentration with reference to their appropriate reference standards.
Key words:- 2-Azetidinone, 4-thiazolidinone, Microwave method, Antibacterial, Antifungal and Anti-tubercular activity.