DocumentsDate added
Original research article:- *Egwim, Evans. C1 , Oloyede, O. B1
1.Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Abstract:-The effect of ethanolic extract of cashew leaves on hepatic and renal integrity was investigated in male streptozotocin-induced diabetic. Organ/ body weight ratio, total lipids and cholesterol levels were monitored in the liver and kidney. GOT and GPT activities were assayed in the liver. Histological studies were carried out in the kidney. The result showed that the proportion of liver and kidney to body weight in the treated rats were restored to normal compared to the control rats while those of the diabetic rats were higher. Total lipid and cholesterol levels in the liver were significantly (ρ < 0.05) reduced in the treated rats (239 ± 9 and 47.5 ± 1.3mg/g respectively) and were comparable to the control values (216 ± 2.0 and 34.0 ± 1.5mg/g respectively). Total lipid levels were significantly (ρ < 0.05) higher in the kidney of the treated rats (148.0 ± 1.75mg/g) and control rats (149.0 ± 0.50mg/g) than in the kidney of the diseased rats (136.5 ± 1.75mg/g). The GPT/GOT ratios in the liver of the treated rats (0.7) were comparable to that of the control (0.8) while that of the diabetic rats remains high (1.0). It is concluded that Ethanolic extract of cashew leaves is able to restore some of the biochemical abnormalities associated with diabetic liver and kidney.
Key Words:-Restoration, hepatic, renal, diabetics, integrity, and cashew leave.
Review article:- *Anupama N. Kalappanavar1, Shashikanth2 , Vijayanath.V3
1.Associate professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology,College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India.
2.Professor and Head, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology,College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India.
3Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology,S.S.Institute of Medical Sciences & Research centre,Davangere-577005, Karnatak, India.
Abstract :-The diagnosis of dental caries or tooth decay in the early stage of its formation is quite a difficult and often inaccurate science. There are very few quantitative and valid methods to determine the health and integrity of tooth structure underneath the enamel surface especially in inaccessible interproximal surfaces. An ideal diagnostic test would enable the clinician to accurately assess the presence or absence of a lesion, to quantify its size and depth, and to determine its activity. The concepts of caries diagnosis have been changing in the current decades and there is a shift of spectrum towards non invasive modalities. This review would give a bird’s eye view about the changing traditional concepts as well as recent trends in caries diagnostics.
Keywords : -Dental caries, Diagnosis, Bitewing, Digital, Transillumination, Fluorescence.
Research article:- * J.V.C. Sharma1 , B.Chandra shekar1, Rahul Chakraborty1, Harika Chanda1, J.Venkateswara Rao2, H.Sanjay Kumar3.
1.MLR Institute of Pharmacy, Dundigal,Hyderabad,Andhra Pradesh, India.
2.Sultan-Ul-Uloom College of Pharmacy, Banjara Hills,Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
3.Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Abstract:-The present study was designed to evaluate the in-vitro cytotoxicity activity of aqueous extract of Glochidion zeylanicum (Gaertn.) root. In this study the extract was tested using human cancer cell lines HepG2, HT-29 and PC-3 for its effects on cell viability, growth inhibition and cell morphology. Cell viability, inhibition were determined by XTT-assay. Morphology was studied by using DAPI staining technique. The results showed decreased cell viability and increased growth inhibition in a concentration dependant manner and also altered the cell morphology after treatment with the plant extract. The data demonstrated that aqueous extract of roots of Glochidion zeylanicum (Gaertn.) has a potential cytotoxicity activity on HepG2, HT29 and PC3 cell lines but the effect was more significant on HepG2.
Keywords:- Glochidion zeylanicum (Gaertn.),HEK293, HepG2, HT29, PC3 Human cell lines, anti cancer, XTT-assay.
Original research article:- *U.S.Pujeri, **M.I.Kumbar, **A.S.Pujar, **S.C.Hiremath , **M.S.Yadawe.
*Singhania University, Pacheri Bari, Rajasthan ,India.
**S.B.Arts and K.C.P. Science College, Bijapur, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:-The water samples from Kummatagi, Baratagi and Katral lakes of Bijapur District were subjected to multi residue analysis for the contamination of pesticide residues by Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry. Grape, pomegranate and tur are cultivated in the catchments area of the lakes where the pesticide are extensively used. In all the three samples one or the other pesticide out of Heptachlor, Endosulphan sulphate, Dichlorvos, Chlorpyriphos ethyl, 4-Bromo-2-Chlorophenol were detected. Except Heptachlor in the sample of Kummatagi lake, the pesticide residues in the samples are below the limit of quantification.The study is to create awareness in public about the risk of indiscriminate- injudicious use of pesticides that have the potential to enter into the aquatic system and also the discussion of possible consequences of pesticide bio-accumulation of the food chain.
Keywords:- Bijapur, Pesticides, Multi-residue Analysis.
Original research article:- *Dr.P.Appa Rao.,M.D.1, Dr.Bandaru Narasinga Rao.,M.D.,Ph.D.2, Dr.P.A.Jayakar.,M.D.3
1.Dept. of Microbiology.,Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad,Andra Pradesh, India.
2.Dept. of Microbiology, Rajivgandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Srikakulam, Andra Pradesh, India.
3.Institute of Medical Microbiology and Autoimmune Diseases (IMMA), Visakhapatnam, India.
Abstract:- Purpose: The present study was undertaken to find out the causative agents and the lesions caused in the lower respiratory tract in HIV infected cases. Materials and Methods: Sputum samples were collected and the identification of pathogenic organisms including Mycobacteria was established by smear examination and culture on appropriate media. Species identification was done by IMViC tests, bile solubility, inulin fermentation, optochin sensitivity, coagulase, oxidase, nitrate reduction, niacin, and germ tube tests for respective organisms. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed by the disc diffusion method for all pyogenic organisms. Results: Fifty cases of HIV reactive both male and female patients, belonging to different age groups and occupations, who acquired severe lower respiratory tract infections and got admitted in King George Hospital and Chest and Communicable diseases hospitals were analyzed. Seventy two (72%) were mixed infections and Twenty eight (28%) were single infections, Thirty four (34%) patients were infected with M. tuberculosis, and the remaining with pyogenic organisms and fungi. A total of 202 pathogenic organisms were isolated which include one hundred and thiry eight strains of pyogenic bacteria, thirty four strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis,twenty eight strains of Candida albicans and two strains of Cryptosporidium. Among the pyogenic bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae was most common isolate (37.7%),closely followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (34.8%), Staphylococcus aureus(26.1%) and two strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: There is high incidence (72%)of poly microbial infections in AIDS. One hundred and thiry eight strains of various pyogenic bacteria(other than Mycobacteria) were isolated. The high prevalence of tuberculosis is also seen with nearly one third(34%) of the cases being infected with Mycobacteria. The fungal infections are seen in twenty eight cases(28%), all with Candida albicans only. Pneumocystis was not encountered in the present work. The pyogenic bacterial flora isolated exhibited high degree of sensitivity to antibiotics tested.
Key words:- Pulmonary infections in AIDS, Mycobacteria, Candida,Cryptosporidium, HIV, Antibiotic sensitivity.