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Original research article:- *Omprakash G. Bhusnure1, Sham S. Mokale2, Yogesh S.Nalwar2, Yeshwant B.Vibhute2
1.Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,Maharashtra College of Pharmacy,Nilanga, Dist.Latur, India.
2.P.G. Department of Chemistry, Yeshwant Mahavidyalaya, Nanded, India.
Abstract:- A series of 2-azetidinones and 4-thiazolidinones of 4,4'-sulfonyldianiline have been synthesized under microwave irradiation and conventional heating, 4,4'-sulfonyldianiline was condensed with hydroxy halogeno substituted aromatic aldehyde in Methanol/DMF in the presence of 1-2 drops of conc. HCl as a catalyst under conventional heating and microwave irradiation to yield the Schiff base respectively (1a-d). The Schiff’s bases (1a-d) on treatment with chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine gave 2-azetidinone (2a-d). Cyclocondensation of Schiff's bases with 2-mercaptosuccinic acid afforded 4-thiazolidinone derivatives (3a-d). The microwave assisted reaction was remarkably successful in higher yield at less reaction time compared to conventional heating method. Spectral data (IR, NMR and Mass spectra) confirmed the structures of the synthesized compounds. All the synthesized products are screened for their in vitro antibacterial, antifungal and anti-tubercular activity. The results indicated that the synthesized compounds have moderate to potent activities at low and high concentration with reference to their appropriate reference standards.
Key words:- 2-Azetidinone, 4-thiazolidinone, Microwave method, Antibacterial, Antifungal and Anti-tubercular activity.
Review article:- Dr Priyanka Singh1, Dr Bina Rani2, Dr Upma Singh3, *Dr Raaz Maheshwari4 1.Assistant Professor, School of Pharmacy, Krishna Institute of Engineering &Technology, Ghaziabad, UP, India.
2.Department of Environmental Engineering & Environmental Chemistry,PCE, Sitapura, Jaipur – 302 022, India.
3.Assistant Professor, School of Applied Science, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, UP, India.
4.Head, Department of Chemistry, SBDTC, Lakshman Garh – 332 311, Rajasthan,India.
Abstract:- In recent years, great concern has been universally voiced regarding environmental pollution arising as a side effect of industrial and other human activities. In our own country, with the advent of industries, more and more toxic substances are either used as raw material or emitted during manufacturing processes in the form of dusts, fumes, vapours and gases. These pollutants ultimately dissipate in the working environment and pose occupational health hazards. Many of these chemicals are hazardous and impose chronic impact on organisms including human beings. By the very nature of their wide distribution, the halogen group of minerals, including fluorides, forms a natural part of our environment. In order to strike a balance between such an environment and general health of human population and live stock of any region, the level of fluoride concentration in potable water, food, soil and atmosphere needs to be an appropriate level. Fluorosis, though a common endemic problem of our country is more widespread and acute in Rajasthan. According to a report published on 17th November 2004 by Tribune News Service, 19 states are endemic for fluorosis viz AP (16), Assam (2), Bihar (5), Chhattisgarh (2), Delhi (7), Gujarat (18), Haryana (12), J & K (1), Jharkhand (4), Karnataka (16), Kerala (3), MP (14), MS (10), Orissa (18), Punjab (17), Rajasthan (32), TN (8), UP (7) and WB (4) of India. The number in Parenthesis in the total number of districts confirmed for fluoride endemicity. Over exploitation of groundwater in the last 20 years, is the chief reason for the spread of a dreadful disease. The conventional belief that fluoride affects only bone and tooth has been negated as the evidences on the involvement of soft tissues of the body are convincing. By employing SPANDS (Zr – alizarin red-s visual dye lake) method, fluoride ion concentration in water samples of various places in Rajasthan, were determined spectrophotometrically at 570nm. Defluoridation of contaminated water alone doesn’t bring the fluoride content to safe limit. It would be necessary to overcome the toxicity of the remaining fluorides ingested other sources. This is achieved by effecting minor changes in the diet and dietary habits of the population compatible with their social system and available resources.. Since soil fluorides usually originate from micas are associated with clay-sized minerals, heavy soils tend to have substantially higher concentrations than sandy soils. Fluoride enters the soil through weathering of rocks, precipitation and impure water, mainly from waste run-off and fertilizers. Since much of our food is ultimately derived from plants often grown in contaminated areas, fluoride in soil is an important source of intake. Anti-oxidants possessing antagonistic effect play prophylactic role in preventing fluorosis. A malady-remedy analysis of the problem of fluorosis has to be holistic in character as the disease not only affects human beings but also plants and animals. Therefore, we need to have, as far as possible, an idea of the sources of fluoride and its dispersion in the environment including land, water and air. Based on such study, an integrated approach has to be evolved to draw up a strategy for the control of this disease. In this manuscript clinical manifestations of various degrees of fluorosis and strategies concerning to mitigation of fluoride content in water, have been delineated.
Keywords : -Fluorosis; RWH; Clinical manifestations; Reverse osmosis; Defluoridation.
Review article:- *Manorma Sharma1, Archana Sharma1 , Ashwani Kumar2
1.Department of Botany, Vedic PG Girls College, University of Rajasthan Jaipur 302004, India.
2.Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004 ,India.
Abstract:- Tuberous plants are the vital source of medicinal drugs. Among these Asparagus racemosus is an important herb which is well known for its pharmacological applications. A lot of medicinally importance attributes have been assigned to this herb. It has been used by tribes located in distinct area of India from primeval time. Key component of this herb is saponins. Recent developments in transgenic research have opened up the possibility of the metabolic engineering of biosynthetic pathways to produce these high-value secondary metabolites. The present review is a pragmatic approach to accrue the findings on this very important herb.
Keywords:- Asparagus racemosus, Saponins, Ethnopharmacology, Disease.
Review article:- * D.R.Brahma Reddy1, Chattu.V.Sesha Sai Ram 2 , T.Saravan Kumar3, Kattamuri.S.Bharat kumar 4, Vaka.Yalamanda Reddy5, Ch.Taraka Lalitha Kumari6.
1.Siddharth Institute of Pharmacy, Kantepudi, Guntur, A.P, India.
2.Siddharth Institute of Pharmacy, Kantepudi, Guntur, A.P, India.
3.Siddharth Institute of Pharmacy, Kantepudi, Guntur, A.P, India.
4.Siddharth Institute of Pharmacy, Kantepudi, Guntur, A.P, India.
5.Siddharth Institute of Pharmacy, Kantepudi, Guntur, A.P, India.
6.Siddharth Institute of Pharmacy, Kantepudi, Guntur, A.P, India.
Abstract:-Drug delivery systems are becoming increasingly sophisticated as pharmaceutical scientists acquire a better understanding of the physicochemical and biochemical parameters pertinent to their performance. Over the past three decades, Rapimelts have gained considerable attention as a preferred alternative to conventional tablets and capsules due to there better patient compliance. Orally disintegrating tablets offer an advantage for populations who have difficulty in swallowing. Prescription Rapimelts products initially were developed to overcome the difficulty in swallowing conventional tablets with water among pediatric, geriatric, and psychiatric patients with dysphagia. Today, Rapimeltss are widely available as over-the-counter drugs for the treatment of allergies and cold and flu. Technologies used for manufacturing of orally disintegrating tablets are either conventional technologies or patented technologies. Important ingredients that are used in the formulation of Rapimelts should allow quick release of the drug, resulting in faster dissolution. Evaluation of these tablets are done by weight variation, friability, tensile strength, wetting time, water absorption ratio, In vitro dispersion time and. dissolution test.
Keywords:- Rapimelts , Orasolv, Tensile strength, Sublimation, Disintegration, Lyophillisation , Superdisintegrants
Research article:- * Gupta P.K.1, Chandola H.M 2, Harisha C.R.3, Shukla V.J.4, Varun B. Gupta5, Pankaj Nariya6
Institute for Post graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda ,Gujarat Ayurveda University , Jamnagar -361008 .
1 M.D. Scholar, Dept of Kayachikitsa, (Senior Medical Officer), Gujarat Ayurveda University , Jamnagar -361008, India.
2 Professor & Head-Kayachikitsa, Gujarat Ayurveda University , Jamnagar -361008, India. 3 Head- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Gujarat Ayurveda University , Jamnagar -361008, India.
4 Head, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Gujarat Ayurveda University , Jamnagar -361008, India.
5 PhD Scholar, Pharmacology lab, Gujarat Ayurveda University , Jamnagar -361008, India. 6 PhD Scholar, Pharmaceutical chemistry lab, Gujarat Ayurveda University , Jamnagar -361008, India.
Abstract:- Oleo-gum-resin of Shallaki (Boswellia serrata Roxb.) is a drug used by all systems of medicines, traditional as well as modern and prescribed in the management of inflammatory diseases viz bronchitis, osteo-arthritis etc. Pharmacognostical study counting both macroscopic and powder microscopy of raw drug exposed the quality and genuineness of all the constituents of Shallaki. Organoleptic features along with microscopically and chemical tests of coarse powder made out of the crude drugs were within the standard range. Loss on drying 20.74%, Total ash 0.949% w/v, water soluble and alcohol soluble extract were recorded 24.20% and 68.80% respectively. Volatile oil was present 2.4%. TLC and HPTLC were carried out after organizing appropriate solvent system in which maximum 5 spots were distinguished in TLC and up to 8 spots in HPTLC and most of the Rf values were identical when done with different sample extractive methods. This shows the presence of certain definite constituents in the drug sample and is helpful for the easy separation of these particles.
Keywords:- Boswellia serrata Roxb., oleogum-resin, Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry.