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Research article:- *Sayak Ganguli1, Priyanka Dhar2, Abhijit Datta1
1.DBT Centre for Bioinformatics, Presidency University, Kolkata- 700073, India.
2.Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research & Development Organization, Leh- Ladakh, C/o 56 APO, Pin- 901205, India.
Abstract :-Gurmarin is a 35-residue polypeptide which has been reported to be able to selectively inhibit the neural response to sweet taste sensation in rats. Gurmarin is obtained from Gymnema sylvestre, a commonly used herb in Ayurveda. Ethnomedicinal literatures suggest that, chewing the leaves of the plant causes a loss of sweet taste. Studies of an ethanol leaf extract, GS4, in diabetic rat and rabbit models have reported regeneration of islets of Langerhans, decrease in blood glucose along with increase of serum insulin. However the exact mechanism of action is still unknown. The present study focuses on the identification of the orthologues through the analysis of phylogenetic lineages. The results indicate that there may be three different lineages of the Gurmarin like protein. The first amongst the proteins having knottin like conserved domains, the second amongst the arachnid secreted neurotoxins and the third amongst the sodium channel blockers of arachnid origin. The last two lineages and the conserved residues that are shared lead us to conclude that the Gurmarin might act by competitively inhibiting the ion channel that plays a central role in sweet-taste transduction.
Keywords :- Gurmarin, Gymnema sylvestre, phylogenetic lineage, orthologue, conserved domains, sweet-taste transduction.
Original research article:-*Vijayanath Itagi1, Venkatesh M Patil2, Ramesh S. Patil3, Vijayanath.V3
1.Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Navodaya Medical College, Raichur,India. 2.Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Navodaya Medical College, Raichur,India. 3.Lecturer/ Statistician, Navodaya Medical College, Raichur,India.
4.Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, S.S.Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, centre, Davangere-577005, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:- Aims: The present study was planned to analysis lung function tests in asymptomatic flour and rice mill workers who are continuously exposed to dust during duty hours. And also planned to investigate the abnormalities in lung function tests, in relation to smoking and non-smoking workers exposed to flour and rice dust Study Design: Cross – sectional study Study Setting: 207 asymptomatic healthy male. Material and Methods: The subject is instructed to take maximal inspiration (to TLC) and he was connected to medspiror through the mouthpiece, after that nose clip is applied and the subject was asked to exhale forcefully into the medspiror as fast as possible. Results: Majority of lung function test parameters showed reduced levels in flour mill workers when compared to rice mill workers. However the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: It is concluded that flour dust and rice husk dust causes deterioration of pulmonary functions in subjects working at mills (flour and rice). The findings of this study recognized the role of grain dust (flour and rice) for a longer duration in decline of pulmonary function test among flour mills and rice mills workers. Findings reflect a need for continuing studies of health and safety issues affecting the subjects.
Key-words:- Lung function, flour mill worker, rice mill worker, smoker, non-smoker.
Case report:- *Dr Sri Vidya VVL MD (Pathology.)1 ,Dr Sailendra V DNB1
1.Assistant Professor, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Abstract:-We report a case of secretory carcinoma of the breast in a 62 year old woman. The patient had been aware of right breast mass for 2 years. The tumor enlarged in size and became painful. On examination there was a hard mobile lump measuring about 5X4cms in upper outer quadrant. FNA of breast lump was done FNA smears showed loose clusters of tumor cell having vacuolated cytoplasm with mild to moderate pleomorphism and eccentrically placed nucleus. Subsequently mastectomy was performed. Cytochemistry PAS positive, and immunohistochemistry showed positivity for CEA.
Key words:-Secretory carcinoma Breast, Juvenile breast carcinoma.
Original research article:- *Dr.P.Appa Rao.,M.D.1, Dr.Bandaru Narasinga Rao.,M.D.,Ph.D.2, Dr.P.A.Jayakar.,M.D.3
1.Dept. of Microbiology.,Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad,Andra Pradesh, India.
2.Dept. of Microbiology, Rajivgandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Srikakulam, Andra Pradesh, India.
3.Institute of Medical Microbiology and Autoimmune Diseases (IMMA), Visakhapatnam, India.
Abstract:- Purpose: The present study was undertaken to find out the causative agents and the lesions caused in the lower respiratory tract in HIV infected cases. Materials and Methods: Sputum samples were collected and the identification of pathogenic organisms including Mycobacteria was established by smear examination and culture on appropriate media. Species identification was done by IMViC tests, bile solubility, inulin fermentation, optochin sensitivity, coagulase, oxidase, nitrate reduction, niacin, and germ tube tests for respective organisms. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed by the disc diffusion method for all pyogenic organisms. Results: Fifty cases of HIV reactive both male and female patients, belonging to different age groups and occupations, who acquired severe lower respiratory tract infections and got admitted in King George Hospital and Chest and Communicable diseases hospitals were analyzed. Seventy two (72%) were mixed infections and Twenty eight (28%) were single infections, Thirty four (34%) patients were infected with M. tuberculosis, and the remaining with pyogenic organisms and fungi. A total of 202 pathogenic organisms were isolated which include one hundred and thiry eight strains of pyogenic bacteria, thirty four strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis,twenty eight strains of Candida albicans and two strains of Cryptosporidium. Among the pyogenic bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae was most common isolate (37.7%),closely followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (34.8%), Staphylococcus aureus(26.1%) and two strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: There is high incidence (72%)of poly microbial infections in AIDS. One hundred and thiry eight strains of various pyogenic bacteria(other than Mycobacteria) were isolated. The high prevalence of tuberculosis is also seen with nearly one third(34%) of the cases being infected with Mycobacteria. The fungal infections are seen in twenty eight cases(28%), all with Candida albicans only. Pneumocystis was not encountered in the present work. The pyogenic bacterial flora isolated exhibited high degree of sensitivity to antibiotics tested.
Key words:- Pulmonary infections in AIDS, Mycobacteria, Candida,Cryptosporidium, HIV, Antibiotic sensitivity.
Original research article:- *U.S.Pujeri, **M.I.Kumbar, **A.S.Pujar, **S.C.Hiremath , **M.S.Yadawe.
*Singhania University, Pacheri Bari, Rajasthan ,India.
**S.B.Arts and K.C.P. Science College, Bijapur, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:-The water samples from Kummatagi, Baratagi and Katral lakes of Bijapur District were subjected to multi residue analysis for the contamination of pesticide residues by Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry. Grape, pomegranate and tur are cultivated in the catchments area of the lakes where the pesticide are extensively used. In all the three samples one or the other pesticide out of Heptachlor, Endosulphan sulphate, Dichlorvos, Chlorpyriphos ethyl, 4-Bromo-2-Chlorophenol were detected. Except Heptachlor in the sample of Kummatagi lake, the pesticide residues in the samples are below the limit of quantification.The study is to create awareness in public about the risk of indiscriminate- injudicious use of pesticides that have the potential to enter into the aquatic system and also the discussion of possible consequences of pesticide bio-accumulation of the food chain.
Keywords:- Bijapur, Pesticides, Multi-residue Analysis.