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Original research article:- K. N. Pujari1, S. P. Jadkar1, Aruna Kulkarni2, C. G. Patil1, V. B. Tuljapurkar3
1.Assistant professor, Department of Biochemistry, Govt. Medical College, Miraj, India. 1Ph.D. student, Department of Biochemistry, Govt. Medical College, Miraj, India.
1.Lecturer in Statistics and Demography,Govt. Medical College, Miraj,India.
2.Ex Professor, Grant Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra,India.
3.Senior medical oncologist, Department of Medical Oncology, Shri Shiddhivinayak Ganapati Cancer Hospital, Miraj,India.
Abstract:-Catalase and glutathione peroxidase are the antioxidant enzymes produced naturally within the body. These help the body to convert hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, thus preventing the formation of carbon dioxide bubbles in the blood. The enzyme levels of catalase and glutathione peroxidase are altered to considerable extent in various diseased states exhibiting either elevation or depletion in their activity, this phenomenon was found to be more evident in leukemias. We have determined the catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity in the erythrocytes of leukemic patients and these levels were significantly low as compared to control. In respect to sex, the mean catalase levels in males (5.750 ± 0.310) were found to more than that in females (5.671 ± 0.301) however, this difference is non-significant. Whereas in respect to age, the mean catalase levels in age >11 years are decreased suddenly in AML patients (7.375± 0.050 to 5.730± 0.362). In case of glutathione peroxidase, we cannot found any change with respect to sex. However in age group <10 years and 11-20 years there is a sudden increase in mean glutathione peroxidase levels in AML patients (32.41 ± 0.635 to 33.28 ± 0..754). We found significant trend in catalase and GPx levels with respect to age in ALL only. We observed highly significant (p<0.001) catalase and glutathione peroxidase dismutase levels in acute leukemias with respect to age. Our results suggest that oxidative stress in leukemia patients causes the deficiency in antioxidant enzyme, which arise as a result of enormous production of reactive oxygen species in the system.
Key Words:-Leukemia,Catalase, Glutathione peroxidase, Hydrogen peroxide.
Review article:- Sharma Devanshu, Mittal Rahul, Gupta Annu, Singh Kishan, Nair Anroop*
M.M. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY , M.M. UNIVERSITY , AMBALA- 133207, India.
Abstract:- Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is a technique that uses liquid chromatography (or HPLC) with the mass spectrometry. (LC-MS/MS) is commonly used in laboratories for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of drug substances, drug products and biological samples. LC-MS/MS has played a significant role in evaluation and interpretation of bioavailability, bioequivalence and pharmacokinetic data. This article reviews the most recent advances in sample preparation, separation, different types of cartridges used and steps involved in bioanalytical method development and validation of drug molecules. Newly introduced techniques such as ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with small particles (sub 2 µm) provide better efficiency when compared to other chromatographic techniques. Solid phase extraction (SPE) is the commonly used technique for sample preparation to reduce both time and labor in bioanalysis. Further, this paper also discusses about the matrix effect in LC-MS/MS analysis and how to reduce matrix effect in method development.
Keywords:- LC-MS/MS bioanalysis, sample Preparation, Ultra performance liquid chromatography, matrix effect.
Research article:- * K Apparao Rayavarapu, DSVGK Kaladhar and Santosh Kumar S Department of Biochemistry / Bioinformatics, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam,India.
Abstract:- Study of antibacterial and antifungal activity of plant extract of Lawsonia inermis (henna) on Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Vibrio of Gram negative bacteria and candida albicans of fungi has been conducted. Hexane, Chloroform and Methanol has been taken as solvents. Methanolic plant extract has shown good activity against aqua bacteria and fungi, compared with Hexane and Chloroform extracts. Lawsonia inermis has shown good activity against Aeromonas and, Vibrio.
Key words:- Henna, Lawsonia Inermis, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Aqua pathogens.
Original Research article:- * Zaved Ahmed Khan1, Asit Ranjan Ghosh2 1,2 Medical Biotechnology Division,School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University,Vellore-632014,TN, India.
Abstract:- The involvement of nitrergic mechanisms in the behavioural effects of withaferin A in rats was studied in the forced swim test. Administration of the withaferin A (10 mg/kg, i.p.), assumed to increase the synthesis of NO , if given with subeffective dose of L-NAME (10 mg/kg , i.p) Neither withaferin A alone nor L-NAME affected the immobilized time of animals in the forced swim test. We conclude that a suppression of NO synthase activity may be important in the anti-depressant effect of Withaferin-A.
Key words:- Withaferin-A, L-NAME, Nitric Oxide,Anxiety,Forced Swim Test and Nnos.
Original research article:- K.R. Alagawadi, *A.Manikanta Kumar Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KLEU’s College of Pharmacy, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:- A Simple, sensitive, selective and precise high-performance thin layer chromatographic method for analysis of atorvastatin, glimipride and metformin in pharmaceutical dosage form. The method employed TLC aluminium plates Precoated with silica gel 60F-254 as the stationary phase. The solvent system consisted of water: methanol: ammonium sulphate (3.5:3.5:12.6, v/v/v). This system was found to give compact spots for atorvastatin, glimipride and Metformin (Rf value of 0.50 ± 0.01, 0.65 ± 0.01 and 0.33 ± 0.01). Densitometric analysis of atorvastatin, glimipride and metformin were carried out in the absorbance mode at 245nm. The linear regression data for the calibration plots showed good relationship with r2 = 0.999 ± 0.001 from 100-700 ng for atorvastatin, r2 = 0.998± 0.002 from 20-140 ng for glimipride and r2 = 0.996± 0.001 from 100 -1500 ng for Metformin, respectively. The methods were validated for precision, accuracy, ruggedness and recovery. The limits of detection and quantification were 20 and 80 ng per spot for atorvastatin, 5 and 20 ng per spot for glimipride and 50 and 100 ng per spot for metformin, respectively.
Keywords:- High-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), Atorvastatin (ATO), Glimipride (GLI) and Metformin (MRT).