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Original research article:- 1 Dr. Chanchal Garg, 2 Prof. S. H. Ansari, 2 Prof. S. A. Khan, 3Dr. Munish Garg.
1.Vaish Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India 2.Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India.
3.Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India.
Abstract:- Present work is based on screening of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Fruit extracts in high fat diet fed albino rats for their possible role in obesity and associated cardiovascular disorders. Three fractions prepared by successive solvent technique from methanol extract of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. fruits were administered at a dose of 300 mg/body weight by oral gavage and volatile oil obtained by hydrodistillation at a dose of 0.2 ml/body weight intraperitoneally once daily along with high fat diet to the female albino rats for six weeks (0-42 days). Normal control and high fat diet fed control groups were maintained simultaneously. Body weight of the experimental animals was estimated every week while lipid parameters and fat pad weights were estimated after 42 days after sacrificing the animals by euthanasia. Phytochemical studies were carried out of the above mentioned extracts. Results revealed that body weight and fat pad weights were reduced in drug fed animals in a variable pattern. Cholesterol and triglycerides levels, which were disturbed in high fat diet fed animals, improved in a significant manner. Maximum activity was observed with methanol fraction of the drug which contained maximum amount of phenolic (48.37 mg/g) and flavonoidal contents (21.44 mg/g). Based on the scientific reports, that antioxidant compounds play a vital role in the management and control of obesity via improvement in natural antioxidant defense and lipid metabolism, it is predicted that the observed activity may be due to this or more of these mechanisms. In conclusion, Foeniculum vulgare, a well known herb in Indian system of medicines has demonstrated to be effective in obesity and associated cardiovascular disorders.
Key words:- Foeniculum vulgare, obesity, cardiovascular disorders, hyperlipidemia.
Original Research article:-
*Jadhav Ravindra T1, Patil Pratibha R.2, Patil Payal H2
1.M.J.Biopharm Pvt. Ltd., L-7, M.I.D.C. indl. Area, Taloja, Raigad District, Maharashtra., India. 2.Department of Quality Assurance & Pharmaceutics,R.C.Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,Shirpur- 425405, Dhule District, Maharashtra., India.
Abstract:-The aim of present work was to develop a semisolid preparation (ointment, gel, cream) of Thiocolchicoside which is a cen-trally acting skeletal muscle relaxant for the effective treatment of muscle spasm. Thiocolchicoside has been claimed to posses GABA mimetic & glycinergic actions in other way can say that Thiocolchicoside is a gama-aminobutyric receptor agonist. It has recently been shown that thiocolchiocoside activity can be ascribed to its ability of interacting with strychnine sensitive glycine receptors & therefore that compounds endowed with the glycino-mimetic activity can be used in rheumatologic-orthopedic field for their muscle relaxant properties. It is widely prescribed for treatment of muscle spasm, cramps, musculoskeletal & neuromuscular disorder. Thiocolchicoside is available in market in the form of capsules & Injection. The major problem associated with Thiocolchicoside is its bioavailability which is very low i.e. 25% only so in order to minimize drug loss due to first pass metabolism, and overcome problem associated with low bioavailability drug there is need to formulate semisolid preparation . The aim of the study was to formulate & evaluate thiocolchicoside ointment, gel & cream and comparative study of their drug release. In vitro release of thiocolchicoside from the three bases i.e., ointment, gel, cream to an aqueous receptor phase through whatman filter paper no.41 as well as mice skin was monitored spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 259nm. In vitro release study results showed that the steady state fluxes of the drug from vehicles rank according to the following order: ointment >gel >cream. Ointment base showed considerably higher drug release than other vehicles.
Key words :- Thiocolchicoside, ointment, gel, cream, diffusion.
Original research article:- Ibrahim IA 1, *Al-Joudi FS 2, Waleed Sulaiman R 3,Hammoudi N 3 and Al-Saffar R 4
1.Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
2.Department of Microbiology, Royal College of Medicine Perak, University of Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Malaysia.
3.Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Pharmacy, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq.
4.Department of Medicine, Hospital Dr. Abdul-Majeed, Karrada, Baghdad, Iraq.
Abstract:- Glibenclamide is a second-generation sulfonylurea oral hypoglycemic agent. The effects of glibenclamide on some biochemical laboratory findings were monitored both in-vitro and in-vivo. For this study, 40 subjects had been newly diagnosed with NIDDM, with an age range of 40 to 70 years, and 30 apparently healthy volunteers of comparable ages were recruited as the control group. In-vitro and in-vivo tests were performed. In the in-vitro tests, solutions of different drug concentrations were prepared according to their maximum serum concentrations and were added to blank, control, and serum samples. In the in-vivo study, venous blood samples were collected from each subject before the start of drug therapy and two weeks after the start of treatment. The samples were analyzed for glucose, total protein (TP), urea, creatinine, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK). In the in-vitro study, the glibenclamide caused a reduction in the readings of the serum levels of glucose, urea, TC and TG, whereas the read concentrations of TP and creatinine were raised. The concentrations of all the enzymes tested were decreased by glibenclamide. In the in-vivo study, the concentrations of serum glucose, TP, creatinine, TG, AST, ALT and LDH were decreased. However, no change was induced in urea level. Glibenclamide induced some alterations in the biochemical parameters. These changes may have been the result of chemical or physical interactions, possibly enhanced by physiological or metabolic factors especially those detected in in-vivo tests.
Key Words:- Glibenclamide, chemical or physical interactions, physiological or metabolic factors, biochemical tests.
Review article:- *Goyal Parveen Kumar1(M.Pharm.,PGDPL), Sharma Shekhar2 (M.Pharm, DIPL), Kumar Rishi3 (M.Pharm.)
1.Department of Pharmacology, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Sonepat-131001, Haryana ,India.
2.Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Sonepat-131001, Haryana ,India.
3.Department of Pharmacognosy, IIMT College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, India-201306.
Abstract:- The prescription drugs are generally either branded/innovator or generic drugs. The process of drug discovery and development, including FDA approval and clinical trials, is quite expensive and consumes many years to bring any innovator drug in market thereby branded drugs are of fairly high cost which are beyond the reach of general public. To achieve the goal of health care system, promotion and preservation of health at the level of general public, only branded drugs are not sufficient hence generic drugs, that contain same active ingredients, as of innovator drug, comparable in terms of strength, quality and therapeutic effectiveness, sold at low cost, are required. The Hatch Waxman Act support generic companies, procure generic drugs to common people at reasonable price, and also maintained the balance between innovator and generics. This manuscript describes how Hatch-Waxman Act provide the generics at lower cost in the reach of general public as well as rejuvenate the drying pipeline of patented drugs.
Keywords: Hatch Waxman, Generic, Innovator, Exclusivity, ANDA, Paragraph IV Certification.
Original research article:-* Kavita G.U1, Shashikala P2, Manjula. A 3, Vijayanath.V4 , Anitha.M.R5
1.Associate Professor, Department of Pathology,S.S.Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre ,Davangere, Karnataka,India.
2.Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, S.S.Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Davangere, Karnataka,India.
3.Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology,S.S.Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre ,Davangere, Karnataka,India.
4.Associate Professor,Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology,S.S.Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre,Davangere, Karnataka,India.
5.Assistant Professor,Department of Anatomy, S.S.Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre,Davangere, Karnataka,India.
Abstract:- Anal tumors are rare and are 20-30 times less common than colonic cancers. Tumors of the anus occur throughout the world but are particularly common in Brazil and India. The present study was undertaken to know the histomorphological patterns and incidence of anal cancers in and around Davangere, a district in central Karnataka. Anal cancers constituted 0.17% of the total specimen received for histopathology. Females (72.22%) were more commonly affected than males(27.77%). Squamous cell carcinoma was the commonest histomorphologic type of malignancy.(50%).Since symptoms of anal cancer are mostly attributed to benign conditions by most patients as well as doctors, proper identification, diagnosis and typing of the anal cancers is necessary for appropriate treatment of the same.
Key Words:- Carcinoma, cancer.