DocumentsDate added
Research article:- *Punna Venkateshwarlu1, Srikanth Gajam2
1.Department of Quality Assurance, Nalanda College of Pharmacy, Cherlapally, Nalgonda, A.P, India.
2.Department of Pharmaceutics, Nalanda College of Pharmacy, Cherlapally, Nalgonda, A.P,India.
Abstract-:A simple, specific, accurate, and precise reverse phase liquid chromatographic method(RP-HPLC) was developed and validated for the estimation of Rizatriptan from bulk drugs. A RP : Inertsil ODS 3V (4.6mm x 250mm), 5µm in isocratic mode, with mobile phase containing 8 ml of Phosphate buffer, 58 ml of Acetonitrile and 34 ml of Methanol. The ratio pH was found to be 5.5. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and effluents were monitored at 225 nm. The retention time of Rizatriptan was 8.7 min. The linearity of the method was good (r > 0.998), as also were intra-day and inter-day precision (RSD <2%). The method was validated for accuracy, specificity, limit of quantification, limit of detection, robustness and stability. The results showed that proposed method is successfully applied for the quantitative determination of Rizatriptan in bulk drugs.
Key Words:- Reverse phase liquid chromatography, Rizatriptan, HPLC, specificity, validation.
Review article:- *Huma Noor1, P. K. Sharma1, V. K. Garg, A. K. Singh1, S. C. Mondal1
1.Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Baghpat Bypass, NH-58, Meerut-250005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Abstract:- Hypoglycemia, a condition characterized by low blood sugar, is the most feared complication and a fact of life for those patients which are suffering from diabetes mellitus. Hypoglycemia may occur due to a variety of circumstances such as decrease calorie intake due to illness or hospital routine but usually it is iatrogenic. It is mainly responsible for recurrent morbidities in most of the diabetic patients and act as a barrier to maintain euglycemia for the lifetime. Typically it is the result of absolute or relative insulin excess as well as compromised glucose counterregulation in diabetes which provides the ground for long term morbidities like hypoglycemia unawareness; hypoglycemia associated autonomic failure (HAAF), counterregulatory hormonal deficiencies and in rare cases permanent impairment of cognitive functions. The frequency of hypoglycemic episodes further increase when these clinical syndromes segregate together and a vicious cycle of hypoglycemia start. Hypoglycemia may develop in both type of diabetes mellitus but patients having type 2 diabetes are at low risk in comparison to those suffering from type 1 diabetes. Some counterregulatory factors which are important for prevention of hypoglycemia are glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol, growth hormone. It has been observed that glucose counterregulatory mechanism generally remains intact in patients having type 2 diabetes, although it can be more dangerous because they are generally older and may have co morbidities. In this review article, we focus on frequencies of episodes, clinical manifestations, possible pathophysiological mechanisms related with hypoglycemia and also discuss about hypoglycemia associated risk factors, treatment and preventive strategies.
Keywords:- Hypoglycemia, Iatrogenic, Euglycemia, Glucose counterregulation, Hypoglycemia unawareness, Hypoglycemia associated autonomic failure.
Research article:- * Panwar Mangal Singh1, Goyal Anju2
1.Mandsaur Institute of Pharmacy, Mandsaur, M.P -458001, India.
2.B.N. Girls College of Pharmacy, Udaipur , Rajashthan , India.
Abstract:- A simple, Precise, accurate, fast and economical methods have been developed for the quantitative estimation of Tenoxicam from tablet formulation using Erichrom black T. Tenoxicam forms a Blue colored chromogen with the reagent, which shows absorbance maxima at 421.5 nm and linearity in the concentration range of 5-25 µg/ml of drug. The results of analysis for the methods were validated statistically and by recovery studies.
Key Words:- Erichrom black T, Tenoxicam.
Original research article:- Ibrahim IA 1, *Al-Joudi FS 2, Waleed Sulaiman R 3,Hammoudi N 3 and Al-Saffar R 4
1.Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
2.Department of Microbiology, Royal College of Medicine Perak, University of Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Malaysia.
3.Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Pharmacy, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq.
4.Department of Medicine, Hospital Dr. Abdul-Majeed, Karrada, Baghdad, Iraq.
Abstract:- Glibenclamide is a second-generation sulfonylurea oral hypoglycemic agent. The effects of glibenclamide on some biochemical laboratory findings were monitored both in-vitro and in-vivo. For this study, 40 subjects had been newly diagnosed with NIDDM, with an age range of 40 to 70 years, and 30 apparently healthy volunteers of comparable ages were recruited as the control group. In-vitro and in-vivo tests were performed. In the in-vitro tests, solutions of different drug concentrations were prepared according to their maximum serum concentrations and were added to blank, control, and serum samples. In the in-vivo study, venous blood samples were collected from each subject before the start of drug therapy and two weeks after the start of treatment. The samples were analyzed for glucose, total protein (TP), urea, creatinine, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK). In the in-vitro study, the glibenclamide caused a reduction in the readings of the serum levels of glucose, urea, TC and TG, whereas the read concentrations of TP and creatinine were raised. The concentrations of all the enzymes tested were decreased by glibenclamide. In the in-vivo study, the concentrations of serum glucose, TP, creatinine, TG, AST, ALT and LDH were decreased. However, no change was induced in urea level. Glibenclamide induced some alterations in the biochemical parameters. These changes may have been the result of chemical or physical interactions, possibly enhanced by physiological or metabolic factors especially those detected in in-vivo tests.
Key Words:- Glibenclamide, chemical or physical interactions, physiological or metabolic factors, biochemical tests.
Original research article:- Dr. Goornavar. S.M. MD1 , Dr.Pramiladevi.R. MD2, Dr. Biradar.Satish.B. MD3 , Dr. Malaji Sangamesh MD 4 ,Dr. Kora .S.A. MD5, Dr.Narayan.M MS. 6
1.Asst- Professor , Dept. of Medicine, S.Nijalingappa Medical College ,Bagalkot-587102 Karnataka India.
2.Associate Professor, Dept. of Medicine, S.Nijalingappa Medical College Bagalkot-587102 Karnataka India.
3.Asst- Professor , Dept. of Medicine, S.Nijalingappa Medical College ,Bagalkot-587102 Karnataka India.
4.Asst- Professor , Dept. of Microbiology, S.Nijalingappa Medical ,College Bagalkot-587102 Karnataka India .
5.Associate Professor , Dept. of Medicine, S.Nijalingappa Medical ,College Bagalkot-587102 Karnataka India.
6.Senior Resident , Dept. of Surgery, S.Nijalingappa Medical College ,Bagalkot-587102 Karnataka India.
Abstract:- Context: Myocardial infarction is being recognized in younger age group in recent years. Myocardial infarction in the young adult may differ from that in the elderly by virtue of its greater incidence of risk factors and atherosclerotic etiology, the heavy preponderance of male patients and better prognosis. 6% of all acute myocardial infarction and perhaps 4 times the percentage of patients with this diagnosis younger than 40 years do not have coronary atherosclerotic demonstrated by coronary angiography. They have relatively few coronary risk factors often have a history of cigarette smoking. Aim: This study was therefore carried out 1. To study the etiological profile of acute Ml in young (at or below the age of 40 years) and 2. To study the Electrocardiographic, Echocardiographic, Angiographic Correlation in patients with acute Ml in young (at or below the age of 40 years). Materials and Methods: This study was carried out at the ICCU SNMC & HSK hospital and Research Centre Bagalkot during the period from 1st 2008 to 1st 2009. Results and Conclusions: There were 350 patients of acute myocardial infarction. There were 38 patients below the age of 40 years forming 10.8% of all acute Ml’s. There were 36 males (94.7%) and 2 female (5.3%). There was no mortality seen. Coronary atherosclerosis (73%) was the most common etiology observed in 22 patients out of 30 patients. Normal coronaries (26.6%) were seen in 8 patients out of 30 patients. Smoking was the major modifiable risk factor seen in both the groups, followed by dyslipidemia hypertension. Coronary angiographic analysis revealed SVD in (68%), DVD (22.5%) and TVD (9%). Proximal LAD was the most common site involved (68.7%). In the Normal Coronaries group, the coronary risk factors included smoking (62.5%), dyslipidemia (37.5%), hypertension (25%) and diabetes (12.5%) and family history of CAD (37.5%).
Key Words:- Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, Myocardial Infarcation, Angiography, Single vessel disease, Double vessel disease, Triple vessel disease.