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Research Article:-
*S.Durgaprasad1, Rai Reetesh2 , Kumar Hareesh2, Ravindrasingh Rajput2
1.Dept. of Pharmacology, American university of Antigua, College of medicine, Antigua. 2.Department of pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal,India.
Abstract :- Back ground: Curcumin, a naturally occurring o-methoxyphenol derivative, has been shown to possess several biological properties including antioxidant (free radical scavenging activity), induction of detoxification enzymes and provides protection against degenerative diseases. Topical applications of compounds with free radical scavenging properties in patients have shown to improve significantly wound healing and protect tissues from oxidative damage. Objectives: To assess the effect of a topical curcumin preparation on healing of partial thickness burn wounds in rats. Methods: The rats are randomly divided into four groups, comprising of six rats in each group. Partial thickness burn wounds are created by pouring hot molten wax at 80ºC. Group I acts a control, Group 2 receives the standard silver sulphadiazine cream, Group 3 gets 20% curcumin cream, and Group 4 receives the combination of the dexamethasone and curcumin cream. Parameters observed are epithelialization period and wound contraction. Results & Discussion: The percentage of wound contraction was significantly increased in the topical curcumin preparation (20%) and silver sulfadiazine group compared to control group. The mean period of epithelization was significantly reduced in topical curcumin preparation (20%) group and silver sulfadiazine group as compared to the control. Conclusion: Topical curcumin preparation is effective in healing burn wound and the effect was comparable to that of standard drug i.e. silver sulfadiazine.
Keywords:- Topical curcumin, burn wound, epithelization period, wound contraction.
Original research article:- *Ode, Okwoche J.1, Asuzu, Onyeka.V.2 , Oladele Gbenga. M.1
1.Ph.D, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Abuja, PMB 117 Abuja, Nigeria.
2.DVM, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka (UNN).
Abstract:- Evaluation of the biochemical changes in rats following chronic toxicity with Cassia singueana leaf extract was carried out. The extract was prepared by cold maceration using 80% methanol. The total solids recovered from extracts were 11.7 percent (w/w). Four groups (A-D) made up of 12 albino wistar rats per group were subjected to chronic exposure to varying concentrations of the extract. Serum biochemical analysis was carried out on the separate rat groups on days 28, 56 and 84. The data generated were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Mean differences were considered at P=0.05. The results revealed that there were no significant (p<0.05) changes between the serum values of AST, ALT and ALP of normal rats and the test rats that received the long-term exposure to varying doses of the extract in feed. C. singueana extract induced significant (P=0.05) dose-dependent increases in total proteins of rats that had exposure to the extract compared with values in control rats. The doses, 0.5 g and 1.0 g extract/kg feed induced significant (P=0.05) increases in the mean total cholesterol values of test rats compared to control from days 56 to 84. All doses (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg feed) of C. singueana extract caused significant (P=0.05) reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) value of test rats relative control from the onset of the study up to day 56. The serum biochemical changes were generally within normal ranges, the use of the extract for therapeutic medication may not therefore be a health hazard.
Keywords:- Aminotransferase, Cassia singueana, Cholesterol, Biochemical analysis, Malondialdehyde.
Original research article:- *Pradhan Kishanta Kumar1, Mishra Uma Shankar1, Pattnaik Subasini2, Panigrahi Ghanshyam1, Pasa Gourishyam1, Sahu Kanhu Charana1.
1.Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Royal college of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Andhapasara Road, Berhampur, Odisha, India.
2.Department of Zoology, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, India.
Abstract:- A simple method for the estimation for the estimation of Valsartan in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms has been developed. Methanol was chosen as the solvent system.The λmax was found to be 249nm and all absorbance values were carried out at 249nm.The responses were linear in the range of 5-100µg/ml.The regression equation of the calibration graph and correlation coefficient were found to be y = 0.028x - 0.001 and 0.999 respectively. The %RSD values for both intraday and interday precision were less than 1%. The recovery of the drug from the sample was ranged between 97.77% and 101.4%. The proposed method was validated for accuracy, precision, robustness, ruggedness,LOD and LOQ.Commercial tablets containing 40mg and 80mg of valsartan were analysed by the proposed method and the results were well within the claimed limits.Furthermore stability studies of Valsartan were carried out under acidic, alkaline, hydrolytic, thermolytic, oxidation, photolytic and UV degradation conitions as per SIAM (Stability Indicating Assay Methods).
Key Words:- Analytical method validation, Beer’s law, Forced degradation, UV- spectrophotometry, Valsartan.
Original research article:- N. G. Raghavendra Rao*, M. Subhan
PG. Department of Pharmaceutics, Luqman College of Pharmacy Gulbarga- 585 102. Karnataka, India.
Abstract:- An attempt has been made for the development of fast dissolving tablets of the nimodipine by solid dispersion methods, using different concentrations of croscarmellose sodium as super disintegrating agent and study the effect of various carriers on solid dispersion technique. Nimodipine is used in the treatment of various cardiovascular disorders such as angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia and hypertension. The major problem of this drug is very low solubility in biological fluids and poor bioavailability after oral administration. The prepared tablets were evaluated for post-compressional parameters like hardness, friability, drug content, disintegrating time, wetting time, In-vitro dissolution studies and stability studies. The prepared tablets were characterized by DSC and FTIR Studies. No chemical interaction between drug and excipients was confirmed by DSC and IR studies. All the post-compressional parameter are evaluated were prescribed limits and results were within IP acceptable limits. The formulations prepared with mannitol solid dispersion were showed disintegration time between the ranges of 15.12 - 21.92 sec and drug release showed between the ranges of 09 - 11 min. However the formulations prepared with PEG‐6000 and PVP solid dispersions did not disintegrate in specified limit of time for fast dissolving tablet. Among all formulations SM4 prepared with mannitol as carrier showed 99.63 % drug release within 9 minutes. The results concluded that fast dissolving tablets of poorly soluble drug, Nimodipine showing enhanced dissolution will lead to improved bioavailability, improved effectiveness and hence better patient compliance. Finally it is concluded that effect of mannitol as a carrier on solid dispersion technique is excellent and shows best result.
Keywords:- Fast dissolving tablets, Nimodipine, croscarmellose sodium, Solid dispersion.
Original research article:- 1 Dr. Chanchal Garg, 2 Prof. S. H. Ansari, 2 Prof. S. A. Khan, 3Dr. Munish Garg.
1.Vaish Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India 2.Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India.
3.Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India.
Abstract:- Present work is based on screening of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Fruit extracts in high fat diet fed albino rats for their possible role in obesity and associated cardiovascular disorders. Three fractions prepared by successive solvent technique from methanol extract of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. fruits were administered at a dose of 300 mg/body weight by oral gavage and volatile oil obtained by hydrodistillation at a dose of 0.2 ml/body weight intraperitoneally once daily along with high fat diet to the female albino rats for six weeks (0-42 days). Normal control and high fat diet fed control groups were maintained simultaneously. Body weight of the experimental animals was estimated every week while lipid parameters and fat pad weights were estimated after 42 days after sacrificing the animals by euthanasia. Phytochemical studies were carried out of the above mentioned extracts. Results revealed that body weight and fat pad weights were reduced in drug fed animals in a variable pattern. Cholesterol and triglycerides levels, which were disturbed in high fat diet fed animals, improved in a significant manner. Maximum activity was observed with methanol fraction of the drug which contained maximum amount of phenolic (48.37 mg/g) and flavonoidal contents (21.44 mg/g). Based on the scientific reports, that antioxidant compounds play a vital role in the management and control of obesity via improvement in natural antioxidant defense and lipid metabolism, it is predicted that the observed activity may be due to this or more of these mechanisms. In conclusion, Foeniculum vulgare, a well known herb in Indian system of medicines has demonstrated to be effective in obesity and associated cardiovascular disorders.
Key words:- Foeniculum vulgare, obesity, cardiovascular disorders, hyperlipidemia.