DocumentsDate added
Research article:- *Ara N. Patel1, Falguni M. Patel1, Kamal Singh Rathore1 .
1Bhupal Nobles’ Girls’ College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Udaipur-313002, Rajasthan, India.
Abstract:- The purpose of the present study was to develop an optimized floating drug delivery system of diltiazem hydrochloride. Diltiazem floating tablets were formulated with different concentrations of two grades of HPMC polymers (HPMC K4M and HPMC K100M) by using wet granulation technique and evaluated for the different evaluation parameters such as thickness, diameter, drug content uniformity, friability, floating lag time, in-vitro buoyancy, in-vitro drug release studies and stability studies were performed. All the evaluation parameters results were significant. In-vitro drug release studies were performed and drug release kinetics evaluated using the linear regression method was found to follow both Higuchi and Korsemeyer and Peppas’ equation. The drug release mechanism was found Fickian type in most of the formulations. The prepared formulation shows better and significant results for all the evaluated parameters. The formulation A4 containing (HPMC K 4 M) shows maximum percentage of drug release (99.87 %) and prolonged release for time period of about 12 h, thereby improves the bioavailability and patient compliance.
Key words :- Floating drug delivery system, Diltiazem HCl, Buoyancy period, Higuchi plots, Accelerated stability studies.
Research article:- Goyal Parveen Kumar*1(M.Pharm.,PGDPL), Mittal Arun2 (M.Pharm.), Kumar Rishi3 (M.Pharm.)
1.Department of Pharmacology, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Sonepat-131001, Haryana,India.
2.Department of Pharmacognosy, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Sonepat-131001, Haryana,India.
3.Department of Pharmacognosy, IIMT College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, India-201306.
Abstract: The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia (Wild.) Miers (Family: Menispermaceae) on calcium oxalate crystallization in urolithiasis. Calcium oxalate crystallization was induced by the addition of 0.01M sodium oxalate solutions in synthetic urine. The effect of extract (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 µg/ml) was studied by time course measurement of turbidity in presence or absence of inhibitor (extract) at 620 nm for ten minutes by means of a spectrophotometer. The comparison between turbidimetric slopes with and without inhibitor gave percentage inhibition of crystallization hence the effectiveness of extract, and by comparing the photomicrographs with and without inhibitor, we concluded that T. cordifolia stem extract remarkably inhibited the calcium oxalate crystal formation hence can be stated to have antiurolithiatic potential.
Keywords:- Urolithiasis, Calcium oxalate, Tinospora cordifolia, Ethanolic extract.
Research article:- *Vijaykumar Nagabandi1, Ramarao Tadikonda2, K.N. Jayaveera3
1.M.Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Vaageswari College of Pharmacy, Karimnagar, A.P, India
2.M.Pharm,Ph.D, Blue Birds College of Pharmacy, Hanamkonda, India.
3.Msc.Ph.D, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Ananthapur,India.
Abstract:- Liquisolid technique is novel concept for delivery of drugs through oral route. This approach of delivering drugs is mostly suitable for lipophilic drugs and poorly or water insoluble drugs. It involves dissolving water insoluble drugs in non-volatile solvents and converting into acceptably flowing and compressible powders. The main objective of present investigation was to enhance the dissolution rate of water insoluble drug ketoprofen by using liquisolid technique. Several liquisolid tablets were prepared by using different carrier materials such as microcrystalline cellulose, and dicalcium phosphate, and coating material such as silica gel, respectively. Propylene glycol and tween80 were used as non volatile water miscible liquid vehicle. The ratio of carrier to coating material was kept constant in all formulations at 20 to 1. Before compression, powdered mass were evaluated for various parameters like flow properties, content uniformity etc. All the prepared formulations were compressed using 12mm punch after addition of 5 % Sodium starch glycolate (super disintegrating agent) to each formulation. The formulated liquisolid tablets were evaluated for post compression parameters such as weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content uniformity, and disintegration time. The in-vitro release characteristics of the pure drug, drug from marketed tablets (as reference) and liquisolid technique (test sample), were studied. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were performed. The results showed that liquisolid formulations of ketoprofen exhibited good micromeritic properties and higher percentage of drug release than marketed formulation. And it was concluded that there was no interaction between drug and excipients.
Keywords:- Liquisolid compacts, Ketoprofen, Dissolution, content uniformity.
Research article:- *Torvi. Janaki. R. ( M.D), Hiregouder Narendra.S (D.M)*
*Department of Pharmacology,Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli Karnataka, India.
Department of Cardiology,Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli Karnataka, India.
Abstract:- Background: Hypertension is a leading contributor to the global burden of all causes of disease, continue its upward growth trends. Poor control of this highly prevalent disease can lead to the development of ischemic heart disease, heart failure, stroke and chronic renal insufficiency. A prescription by a doctor may be taken as a reflection of physician’s altitude to the disease and the role of the drug in its treatment. It also provides an insight into the nature of health care delivery system. Since Blood pressure control is often inadequate even in patients who receive regular care, it has been emphasized that control of hypertension can be better achieved if the processes of care are improved. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross sectional study of 3 months duration was undertaken in the cardiology and medicine out patient department and 240 prescriptions given to the patients with essential uncomplicated Hypertension were collected. Basic drug indications were selected to analyze the prescribing patterns and also to assess the rational prescribing of the drugs. All antihypertensive drug prescriptions, 240 patients of uncompicated hypertension were collected for our sample of hypertension patients of more than 30 years of age. Analysis of data was undertaken using the prescription rate as calculated as the number of prescriptions containing a specific antihypertensive agent divided by the total number of prescriptions. Results and Discussion: Out of 346 prescriptions, there were 208 prescriptions for the newly diagnosed patients and 138 prescriptions for the refill of the newly diagnosed patients during the study period. Out of 208 prescriptions for the newly diagnosed cases. 154 prescriptions contained monotheraphy and 54 prescriptions contained combined therapy. Out of 138 prescriptions for the refill, 84 prescriptions contained monotherapy (6%) and 54 prescriptions contained the combination therapy of antihypertensive agents (39%). Among the monotherapy prescriptions, Beta blockers were the most commonly prescribed and ACE inhibitors the least prescribed. Effective BP control was not achieved in some patients receiving monotherapy. Hence such prescriptions were changed to combination therapy. Conclusion: Hypertension is an important modifiable risk factor. The effective rational therapy of Hypertension is therefore an important primary health care objective in managing and preventing the future serious cardiovascular and renal diseases. This study confirms the quality of prescriptions both in terms of layout and the content of the drugs prescribed. The use of appropriate dose and avoidance of monotherapy prescription with drugs such as the alpha adrenergic agonists reflect the fact that physicians are aware about the importance of the knowledge about the dose response relationship for both beneficial and adverse effects.
Key Words: Antihypertensive Drugs, Prescription Pattern, Uncomplicated Hypertension.
Research article:- Bansal S. C.1,2 , Goswami N.1, Rai D. V.2,3, Sen R.4, Khandelwal N.1
1.Department of Radio-diagnosis and Imaging, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
2.Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh,India.
3.Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shobhit University, Meerut, U. P.,India. 4.Department of orthopedics, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
Abstract:- Objective:To design a reference phantom for both QCT and DEXA scanners to check their cross calibration and equipment stability as a part of daily quality control program. Materials and Methods: The specially designed phantom simulating lumbar spine consisting of three sections of femoral head (excised from patients who suffered from fracture neck of femur and underwent hip replacement) was scanned for Bone Mineral Density study both with Quantitative computed tomography (Light Speed plus CT Scanner of GE) and Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (Norland XR46) scanner simultaneously for a period of 30 days and the results were analyzed. Results: During this study the mean BMD reading in QCT was 153.287 (mg/cc) with Std. Deviation of 2.2708 and coefficient of variation 1.48% whereas, the mean BMD reading in DEXA was 0.516 (g/cm2) with Std. Deviation of 0.0026 and coefficient of variation 0.50 . Both Std. Deviation and coefficient of variation in QCT and DEXA are within acceptable limits. Conclusion: Consistency in BMD readings of both QCT and DEXA scanners confirmed that this type of single phantom which is simple in design could be easily used to check the cross calibration and equipment stability as a part of daily quality control program. It has proved very simple, easy to perform and cost effective reference phantom for checking precision and accuracy in BMD measurements prior to examining a patient.
Key words:- BMD, calibration, DEXA, QCT, phantom.