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Research article:- * Dr Anila.A.Mathews MD 1 , Dr Marina Thomas MD.2, Dr B.Appalaraju MD2.
1. Assistant professor, Dept of microbiology, PSGIMSR,Coimbatore, India.
2.Professor of Microbiology, Dept of microbiology ,PSGIMSR, Coimbatore, India.
3.Professor and Head , Dept of microbiology, PSGIMSR,Coimbatore, India.
Abstract:- Background and Objectives: Traditionally, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is considered as a nosocomial pathogen, but an increasing prevalence of community acquired MRSA is being reported worldwide including India. This study is aimed at identifying the prevalence and susceptibility characteristics of community acquired MRSA in our hospital. Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 208 consecutive MRSA identified on the basis of their resistance to cefoxitin disk (30 µg) by the disc diffusion method and mecA gene detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Isolates were categorized as community acquired MRSA based on criteria for inclusion and their antibiotic susceptibility was compared with that of the hospital acquired MRSA isolates. Results: Among the 208 MRSA analyzed, 18 % (n=37) were community acquired . The isolates were significantly more sensitive to ciprofloxacin than the hospital acquired MRSA isolates. Discussion: The prevalence of community acquired MRSA in this study (12%) is comparable to its prevalence in other studies across India. Susceptibility to antibiotics other than glycopeptides was an important characteristic of community acquired MRSA. In the absence of other reliable phenotypic test for its identification, susceptibility to ciprofloxacin is suggested as an alternative. Conclusion: An important implication is that the typical first-line betalactams and cephalosporins will not cover the cellulitis or abscess if CA-MRSA is involved. Drug therapy will need to be changed. CA-MRSA appears to be sensitive to minocycline, doxycycline, Cotrimoxazole and clindamycin. Hence community acquired MRSA has a range of antibiotics to choose from, other than the glycopeptides, when compared with that of hospital acquired MRSA. Clinicians need to be aware of it and change according to susceptibility patterns.
Key words:- Community acquired MRSA, MecA gene, Cefoxitin, hospital acquired MRSA.
Review article:- * RAFINDADI AL, FWACS*, ABAH ER, FWACS*, CHINDA D, FWACS*, TABIN G, M.D. **, SAMAILA E, FWACS, FRCS, MFR.
**DEPT. OF OPHTHALMOLOGY, A.B.U.T.H., P.M.B 06 SHIKA-ZARIA, NIGERIA.
**UNIVERSITY OF UTAH, MORAN EYE CENTER, U.S.A.
Abstract:- Objective: To make a preliminary review of the outcome of corneal graft at ABUTH Shika-Zaria. Methodology: Several patients with corneal blindness from eye clinics at ABUTH and NEC Kaduna were screened for suitability to undergo graft out of which 5 were selected. The grafts were done in February 2009. Results: The patients were 4males and 1female with an age range of 23-68years, mean of 39.8years. Preoperative diagnoses were macular dystrophy, keratoconus, CHED, psuedophakic bullous keratopathy and recurrent corneal erosions with cataract. The preoperative visual acuity (VA) ranged from Perception of light to 6/60. However after initial encouraging outcomes their VA’s dropped sharply as a result of infection and graft rejection. Conclusion: The immediate and short-term outcome of corneal graft at ABUTH, Shika-Zaria was not encouraging due to infection and graft rejection. This review will assist the authors in improving the outcome after the next round of surgeries scheduled for December 2009.
Keywords:-Corneal graft, infection, graft rejection.
Review article:- Piplani S1, * Lalit M2, Arora AK3.
1.Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab,India. 2.Chintpurni Medical College,Bungal, Pathankot, Punjab, India.
3.Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
Abstract-: Glucagonomas an uncommon clinicopathological entity originate from the alpha-2 cells of the pancreas The syndrome goes by the acronym 4D syndrome, which stands for dermatosis, diarrohea, deep vein thrombosis and depression. Necrolytic migratory erythema (NME) is the most characteristic clinical sign of this pathology. It is associated with hyperglucagonemia, diabetes mellitus, hypoaminoacidemia, cheilosis, normochromic, normocytic anemia, and weight loss. NME features a characteristic skin eruption of red patches with irregular borders, intact and ruptured vesicles, and crust formation.The tumor cells are occasionally organized in nests and strands and appear strongly glucagon-positive on immunohistochemical staining. The correct recognition of NME is very important, because it may allow early detection either of glucagonoma or of extrapancreatic, glucagon-secreting tumors. Glucagonoma is a slow growing tumor and good recovery is possible after surgical resection.
Key words:- Glucagonoma, Hyperglucagonemia, Necrolytic migratory erythema (NME), Diabetes mellitus.
Research article:-
* Jahir Alam Khan1, Parul Srivastava 2
1.R&D division, MRD LifeSciences (P) Ltd., Lucknow, India.
2.Amity Institute of Biotechnology, AMITY University, Lucknow, India.
Abstract:- Today bioremediation is considered as the most effective and pollution free method for removing crude oil pollution from contaminated sites, as this method makes use of microorganism. The study was designed to evaluate the capability of bacterial strains inhabiting oil contaminated sites to degrade unused engine oil. Four different bacterial species were isolated from oil contaminated sites in Lucknow. One of the isolate (MJP1103) showed maximum oil degradation potential in Minimal salt media supplemented with 1-5 % crude oil, the result showed increase in growth & protein concentration throughout incubation period for culture MJP1103.
Key words:- Crude oil, Coccus, Degradation, Bioremediation.
Research article:- *Torvi. Janaki. R. ( M.D), Hiregouder Narendra.S (D.M)*
*Department of Pharmacology,Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli Karnataka, India.
Department of Cardiology,Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli Karnataka, India.
Abstract:- Background: Hypertension is a leading contributor to the global burden of all causes of disease, continue its upward growth trends. Poor control of this highly prevalent disease can lead to the development of ischemic heart disease, heart failure, stroke and chronic renal insufficiency. A prescription by a doctor may be taken as a reflection of physician’s altitude to the disease and the role of the drug in its treatment. It also provides an insight into the nature of health care delivery system. Since Blood pressure control is often inadequate even in patients who receive regular care, it has been emphasized that control of hypertension can be better achieved if the processes of care are improved. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross sectional study of 3 months duration was undertaken in the cardiology and medicine out patient department and 240 prescriptions given to the patients with essential uncomplicated Hypertension were collected. Basic drug indications were selected to analyze the prescribing patterns and also to assess the rational prescribing of the drugs. All antihypertensive drug prescriptions, 240 patients of uncompicated hypertension were collected for our sample of hypertension patients of more than 30 years of age. Analysis of data was undertaken using the prescription rate as calculated as the number of prescriptions containing a specific antihypertensive agent divided by the total number of prescriptions. Results and Discussion: Out of 346 prescriptions, there were 208 prescriptions for the newly diagnosed patients and 138 prescriptions for the refill of the newly diagnosed patients during the study period. Out of 208 prescriptions for the newly diagnosed cases. 154 prescriptions contained monotheraphy and 54 prescriptions contained combined therapy. Out of 138 prescriptions for the refill, 84 prescriptions contained monotherapy (6%) and 54 prescriptions contained the combination therapy of antihypertensive agents (39%). Among the monotherapy prescriptions, Beta blockers were the most commonly prescribed and ACE inhibitors the least prescribed. Effective BP control was not achieved in some patients receiving monotherapy. Hence such prescriptions were changed to combination therapy. Conclusion: Hypertension is an important modifiable risk factor. The effective rational therapy of Hypertension is therefore an important primary health care objective in managing and preventing the future serious cardiovascular and renal diseases. This study confirms the quality of prescriptions both in terms of layout and the content of the drugs prescribed. The use of appropriate dose and avoidance of monotherapy prescription with drugs such as the alpha adrenergic agonists reflect the fact that physicians are aware about the importance of the knowledge about the dose response relationship for both beneficial and adverse effects.
Key Words: Antihypertensive Drugs, Prescription Pattern, Uncomplicated Hypertension.