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Research article:-
* Jahir Alam Khan1, Vivek Chaurasia 2 1. R&D division, MRD LifeSciences (P) Ltd., Lucknow, India. 2. Institute of Biosciences & Biotechnology, CSJM University, Kanpur, India.
Abstract:- In the present study, antibacterial activity of cold aqueous, hot aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic, ethyl acetate, and acetone extracts of leaf, stem, bark, ripe and unripe fruit of Psidium guajava were screened against pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using Agar well diffusion method. All the extracts showed significant antibacterial properties. Cold aqueous extract of ripe fruit was found to be the most effective followed by acetone extract of leaf, hot aqueous extract of stem, ethanolic extract of unripe fruit and acetone extract of bark.
Key words:- Psidium guajava, herbal antibiotics, pathogenic, antibacterial properties.
Research article:- * Majumdar T , Debbarma N, Roy D B.
*Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Agartala Government Medical College Agartala,Tripura ,India.
Abstract:- Objectives- This study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Chloroquine in uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria and to observe the pattern of drug resistance in a known Malaria endemic area in Dhalai District of Tripura, as per guidelines adopted by National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) in order to propose second line treatment in effected area. Methods-Study design was as per modified protocol for In vivo study of CQ resistance as adopted by NVBDCP. Active survey of fever cases were carried out in one Gaon Panchayet and four sub centers under Kulai Rural Health Centre of Dhalai District of Tripura, along with blood slide collection of both thick & thin film. Chloroquine administered as per body weight in P. falciparum positive cases and cases were followed up for 28 days for clinical as well as parasitological response. Results-Out of 300 slides examined 98 (32.7%) are found to be positive for malaria. Out of which Plasmodium falciparum ( Pf) ring in 78(79.6%), Pf gametocytes- 5(5.1%),Plasmodium vivax( Pv) - 10 (10.2%),Pf+Pv-5(5.1%). Total 53 cases were included in the study, out of which 40 no. of cases had complete follow up for 28 days .Early Treatment Failure (ETF) was detected in 13(32.5%) cases, Late Clinical & Parasitological Failure (LCF) was 14(35%), Adequate Clinical & Parasitological Response(ACPR) was 13(32.5%).Conclusion- Chloroquine resistant found to be 67.5%( 27/40) . Based on this study Dhalai District was declared as Drug Resistant to Chloroquine as per drug policy of NVBDCP and oral Artisunate and Sulphadoxine + Pyremethamine (ACT) combination therapy was advocated.
Keywords:- Plasmodium, Chloroquine resistance, Tripura, ETF, LCF, ACPR.
Research article:- *Madhusudhan NS1, Deepa S2, Shoba DN3 1.Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute Puducherry ,India.
2.Assistant Professor , Department of Microbiology, Mysore Medical College, , Karnataka, India.
3.Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:- Background and objectives: The incidence of methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals range from 15% to 70% in various parts of India. Phenotypic detection of MRSA has been problematic ever since its discovery in 1962. Test conditions like temperature, disk potency, salt concentration and time of incubation play very important role in the detection of methicillin resistance. With this background simple disk diffusion test which can be used simultaneously with other antibiotics is being evaluated. Methods: 100 oxacillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains were selected. Cefoxitin disc diffusion test was performed by on MHA as per CLSI guidelines. mecA gene was detected for these strains using PCR. Results: Among 100 oxacillin resistant staph aureus strains, 84 were cefoxitin resistant and 73 were mecA positive. Conclusion: By using oxacillin disc diffusion test 27 were showing false positive and by using Cefoxitin, 11 were showing false positive. In summary PPV for cefoxitin disc diffusion (86%) to detect mecA mediated resistance is higher when com-pared to oxacillin disc diffusion test (73%). Routine susceptibility testing method for Staphylococcus aureus could replace oxacillin disks by cefoxitin discs.
Key words :- Cefoxitin, Disk Diffusion Test, MRSA, Staphylococcus aureus.