DocumentsDate added
Original Research article:-
*Vandana J. Rathod1 Devanshi P. Desai 2 Jagatheesan Alagesan 3.
1. Vandana J. Rathod - Lecturer, College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, India.
2. Devanshi P. Desai, PG Student, College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, India.
3. Jagatheesan Alagesan - Associate Professor, College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, India.
Abstract:- Myopia is a refractive error where the parallel rays of light from infinity come to focus in front of retina, when accommodation is at rest. It is commonly seen in young adults. Generally it is treated by glasses, contact lenses or refractive surgeries. Various studies had been done on effectiveness of exercises in treatment of myopia among which many scientific studies on vision training have produced favorable results. This study is focused on the effects of various exercises on myopia. MATERIALS AND METHOD :30 subjects, age ranging between 18 and 25 years of both sexes having myopia (-1.00 to -3.00 spherical diopters) and not having any other eye disease or injury were included in the study. The subjects were randomly assigned into Group-A (Experimental Group) or Group-B (Control Group) by closed envelope method. Snellen Eye Chart and Near Point of Convergence (NPC) were taken as outcome measure. An ophthalmologist blinded for the study was diagnosing as well testing for outcome measures. The purpose and procedure of the study was explained to the subjects and informed consent was obtained. Information about the exercises was explained to experimental group, control group was not receiving any eye exercises. Eye focusing exercises have been taught to the subjects 10 repetitions 3 sets, thrice daily for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks of intervention subjects were assessed and the values were statistically analyzed with pre treatment values. RESULT: In experimental group the Mean±SD before intervention is 35.20±1.698 and after intervention is 34.00±1.851 for NPC. The p value is being <0.001 indicating significant improvement. The NPC for control group and refractive error for both groups were not showing any changes. CONCLUSION: This study concludes that eye exercises are effective in improving NPC in myopia but not as effective in improving visual acuity.
Key words:- Myopia, Eye Exercises, Visual Acuity, Near Point of Convergence.
Research article:-
*P. Majumder.
M. Pharm, Lecturer, Dept. of Pharmacognosy, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Pharmacy, Trikaripur, Kasaragod Dist. Kerala-10, India.
Abstract:-The technological modernization in the field of pharmaceutical research and medicinal herbal drug evaluation, so many sophisticated research tools are available now a days but among all, microscopic method still is one of the simplest and cheapest methods to initiation with for establishment of the correct identity of the source row materials. Pharmacognostic investigation including morphological, microscopical and anatomical sections of the roots of Peperomia pellucida (L.) HBK. (Fam. Piperaceae) was carried out to determine its macro- and microscopical features along with its quantitative standardardization. Externally, the root usually 4-6 cm long, buff coloured, fibrous and multiple sub branches, rough with short hairs. Internally root shown the presence of epidermis, vessels, cortex, phloem, primary xylem, endodermis, Wood elements, and starch grains. The chemo-microscopy revealed the presences of Fibres, Vessel elements and Xylem fibres. Physicochemical evaluation includes ash values, extractive values, moisture content, foaming index and swelling index were evaluated. Phytochemical studies of the powdered root revealed the presences of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoides, steroids and carbohydrates. The pharmacognostic profile of the root will assist in standardization for quality and purity of the drug. These findings will also be very useful towards establishing the proper identification and classification of the plant, which is gaining relevance in plant drug research.
Key words:- Peperomia pellucida, Pharmacognostic Standardization, Physicochemical Evaluations, Phytochemistry.
Research article:- *Dr. Mohammed M. Safhi
Neuroscience and Toxicology Unit, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:- Floating matrix tablets of propranolol hydrochloride were developed to prolong gastric residence time and leading to an increase in drug bioavailability. Floating tablets were prepared by the wet granulation technique by using polymers such as xanthan gum and guar gum with sodium bicarbonate as a gas-generating agent. Formulation F1 and F2 have drug: xanthan gum ratios 1:0.62 and 1:1.25, F3 and F4 have drug: guar gum ratios 1:6.2 and 1:1.23, F5 and F6 have 1:0.31 and 1:0.62. The floating tablets were evaluated for uniformity of weight, hardness, thickness, friability, drug content, in vitro buoyancy and dissolution studies. In all the formulations buoyancy time ranges from 45 to 134 sec and lag time ranges from 12-24 hrs. The formulation F6 shows the floating buoyancy time 134 sec, floating lag time 24 hours and drug release 94.36%. Non-fickian diffusion was confirmed as the drug release mechanism from these tablets indicated that water diffusion and polymer rearrangement played an essential role in drug release. The formulations give the best results in terms of floating duration, prolonged drug release, and improved in vitro bioavailability. The mechanism of drug release was diffusion controlled and followed zero- order kinetics.
Key words:- Propranolol hydrochloride, xanthan gum, guar gum, in vitro buoyancy and non-fickian diffusion.
Research article:- *Surendra Kr. Sharma, N. Goyal.
* M. Pharm, Ph. D, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar-125001, Haryana, India.
M. Pharm, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar-125001, Haryana, India.
Abstract:-In vitro antioxidant activity of methanolic and aqueous root extracts of Pluchea lanceolata was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging assay and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. The extract revealed marked activity as a radical scavenger in a study indicating that extracts have ability to donate hydrogen. The absorption is stoichiometric in respect to the number of electrons taken up. Concentration of 0.1 mg/ml of methanolic extract (PME) and aqueous root extract (PAE) of Pluchea lanceolata exhibited 66.48% and 60.86% DPPH scavenging activity. The antioxidant activity of these extracts towards hydrogen peroxide was also reported. A 88.43% and 79.44% of inhibition of hydrogen peroxide was observed with PME and PAE respectively, when compared with control, at a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml using ascorbic acid as standard and positive control on analysis with UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. The results conclude that the extracts are a potential source of antioxidants of natural origin and may be a candidate for treating pathologies related to free radical oxidation due to its overall antioxidant effect in scavenging free radicals and active oxygen species.
Keywords:- Antioxidant, DPPH, free radical, Pluchea lanceolata, Asteraceae
Research article:-
* Jahir Alam Khan1, Vivek Chaurasia 2 1. R&D division, MRD LifeSciences (P) Ltd., Lucknow, India. 2. Institute of Biosciences & Biotechnology, CSJM University, Kanpur, India.
Abstract:- In the present study, antibacterial activity of cold aqueous, hot aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic, ethyl acetate, and acetone extracts of leaf, stem, bark, ripe and unripe fruit of Psidium guajava were screened against pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using Agar well diffusion method. All the extracts showed significant antibacterial properties. Cold aqueous extract of ripe fruit was found to be the most effective followed by acetone extract of leaf, hot aqueous extract of stem, ethanolic extract of unripe fruit and acetone extract of bark.
Key words:- Psidium guajava, herbal antibiotics, pathogenic, antibacterial properties.