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Research article:- *Cheraladhan E. Sambandam1 Sejal N. Sailor2 Jagatheesan Alagesan3
*1.Cheraladhan E. Sambandam, Assistant Professor, College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, India.
2.Sejal N. Sailor, PG Student, College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, India.
3.Jagatheesan Alagesan, Associate Professor, College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, India.
Abstract:- Background & Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease causing disability. Current physical therapy management for knee OA is aiming to increase range of motion and improve functional performance. The purpose of this study is to find out the effectiveness of mobilization technique either Mulligan’s Mobilization or Maitland Mobilization for improving the unilateral tibiofemoral joint ROM and functional performance in of unilateral osteoarthritis. Methods: Sixty subjects with osteoarthritis of Tibiofemoral joint were selected for the study and randomly divided in to three groups of 20 subjects. Group A received Mulligan mobilization, Group B received Maitland Mobilization and Group C received conventional treatment. ROM was measured by Goniometry and functional performance was measured by WOMAC scale pre and post treatment by blinded tester. Results: Intragroup comparison of ROM showed significant improvement in three group but Mulligan group showed very highly significant (p< 0.001) improvement. WOMAC score showed significant (p=0.005) improvement in all three groups. Conclusion: In this study all groups have shown significant difference in improving ROM, and improving functional performance but mulligan group showed more improvement than Maitland group and control group.
Keywords:- Tibiofemoral Osteoarthritis, Mulligan Mobilization, Maitland Mobilization.
Review article:- I.N. Krishna Teja, N. Vishal Gupta*, Srirupa Biswas, H.V. Gangadharappa, T.M. Pramod Kumar, M. Sujith Kumar .
Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS University, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysore – 570015, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:-The objective of this study was to compile GMP requirements for tablet manufacturing facilities of regulated countries and rest of the world countries. GMP covers all aspects of production, from the starting materials, premises, equipment and training and personal hygiene to staff. Detailed written procedures are essential for each process of manufacturing of tablet that could affect the quality of the finished product. Implementation of GMP is an investment in good quality medicines. This will improve the health of the individual patient and the community, as well as benefiting the pharmaceutical industry and health professionals. This work helps in bringing the awareness about the manufacturing requirements as per India and EU. It demonstrates industry and regulatory authority’s support for an effective pharmaceutical quality system to enhance the quality and availability of medicines around the world in the interest of public health. Implementation of GMP throughout the product lifecycle should facilitate innovation and continual improvement and strengthen the link between pharmaceutical development and manufacturing activities. It also helps in increasing the process efficiency and product quality by adopting the current, risk-based manufacturing approach and in turn optimizes manufacturing process and improves quality of the end-product.
Keywords:-GMP, Tablet, India, EU.
Research article:- * P.B.AYOOLA1, O.O.ONAWUMI2 and O.O.P.FABOYA2.
1.Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology,P.M.B.4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
2.Department of Chemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology,P.M.B.4000,Ogbomoso,Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract:-Sample of Tetracarpidium conophorum seeds (Nigerian walnut) was analysed for Proximate composition, Phytochemical composition, Vitamins and Mineral constituents. The result of proximate analysis shows that the raw seeds contained 41.5% moisture, 4.28% fat,7.34% fibre,21.65% protein, 5.27% Ash and 19.96% carbohydrate. The phytochemical screening and subsequent quantification revealed the presence of bioactive compounds. Tannin, 0.089mg/kg, Alkaloid, 2.380mg/kg and Gallic acid, 0.024mg/kg. There were no traces of saponin, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, ellagic acid and caffeinic acid. The mineral analysis revealed the constituents to be K, 6250mg/kg, Na, 4830mg/kg, Ca, 4337.5mg/kg, Mg, 1711.25mg/kg, Fe, 110mg/kg, Zn, 40.10mg/kg, Mn, 22.00mg/kg, Cu, 16.45mg/kg,. Vitamin composition results showed that the seed contained Thiamine (B1) 0.06μg/100g, Ascorbic acid (C) 4.15μg/100g, Riboflavin (B2) 0.02μg/g, Niacin, 0.05μg/100g, Cyanocobalamin (B12) ,0.12μg/100g. The results proved that Tetracarpidium conophorum seed is a food and could be a potential source of useful drugs formulation.
Key words :- Tetracarpidium conophorum, Coula edulis, phytochemical, nutrient, seed.
Research article:- * Salah I. Kheder
Ph.D Pharmacology - National college of Medical & Techenical sciencies National college of Medical & Techenical sciencies– Pharmacy program , Khartoum – Sudan,3783 Khartoum.
Abstract:-Most hospitals in Sudan consumed large amount of cephalosporin antibiotics, particularly in surgical departments as the preferred choice for prophylaxis. The present study audited the use of cephalosporin in a general hospital surgical setting and investigated the resistance rates to the different cephalosporin antibiotics used. Consumption of cephalosporin antibiotics calculated, and surveillance susceptibility results was obtained on a daily base for 2 years from May 2008 to May 2010, from hospital microbiology laboratory and analyzed every 3-4 months. Consumption was significantly decreased from 270 DDDs/1000 patient-days at the beginning of observational periods to 104 DDDs/1000 patient-days for the last 3 months of intervention period (representing a 61.6% decrease), but high resistance rates remained almost unchanged. Appropriate infection control and antibiotic management strategies are needed to stem the spread of this emerging of resistance.
Key words :- Antibiotic resistance, Antibiotic policy, Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases, ESBLs.
Research article:- Jahir Alam Khan1 , * Krishna Pratap Yadav2
1.R &D Division, MRD LifeSciences (P) Ltd., Lucknow (U.P), India.
2.Department of Biotechnology, R.M.L. Awadh University, Faizabad (U.P). India.
Abstract:-Cold and hot water, methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, and hexane extracts of leaves, stem and roots of Ricinus communis in a final concentration of 500mg/ml were evaluated for their antifungal properties against pathogenic microorganisms such as Trycophyton rubrum, Candida albicans, Microsporum Spp. using agar well diffusion method. In case of leaf cold aqueous, methanolic and acetone extracts were effective. Only cold aqueous extract of stem was effective. Cold aqueous extract of root was most effective followed by acetone, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts. MIC was also calculated for the most effective extracts and it was found to be 31.25mg/ml.
Key words :- Antifungal properties, Ricinus communis, Pathogens, Solvent extraction, Agar well diffusion