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Research article:- Harison Masih1, Ajay Kumar Singh1, Yashab Kumar1, Aviral Srivastava1, Ravi Kant Singh*2, Santosh Kumar Mishra2, Kumar Shivam2.
*1.Dept. of Microbiology & Fermentation Technology, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, U.P., India.
2.Department of Biotechnology, IMS Engineering College, Ghaziabad, U.P., India.
Abstract:- Production of a family of lipopetide antibiotic by using mutated strain B. subtilis in submerged fermentation system was investigated. The mutated strain M40 showed a higher antagonistic activity than wild strain of B. subtillus against the plant pathogens Erwinia carotovora var. carotovora. The mutated strain was inoculated in three different liquid culture media CPG, CPM, CPMCa++ to study the level of production of inhibitory substances & CPMCa++ was found best culture medium against plant pathogens. The antagonistic strain M40 was more active than wild strain and obtained metabolite was thermostable, protease resistance and classified as producer of antibiotic of metabolite group.
Key words:- Lipopetide antibiotic, B. subtilis, Mutated strain, Erwinia carotovora var. carotovora, Plant pathogens
Research article:- *Amit Pandey1, Rajesh Kumar2
1.R&D Division, MRD LifeSciences, Lucknow-226010, India.
2.Institute of Biosciences & Biotechnology, CSJM University, Kanpur -802024, India.
Abstract :-The antibacterial properties of “Lawsonia inermis” commonly known as “Henna or Mehandi” tested against bacterial pathogens (S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli). Agar diffusion susceptibility test revealed inhibition zone of Henna sample. The Henna leaves were exhibiting best result followed by fruits, bark root and stems. The solvents were used ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate and hot water, compare to all, ethanolic extract and ethyl acetate extract were showing best result against one gram positive culture Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 2940) and two gram negative cultures Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 2453) and E. coli (MTCC 739). The MIC value was determined by using broth dilution methods. Ethanolic extract of Henna was subjected to get the MIC against test organisms and it was found to be 1.45 mg/ml for E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Keywords:- Antibacterial properties, ethanolic and ethyl acetate plant extract, MIC, zone of inhibition.
Research article:- *Ashish Jain1, Satish Nayak2, Vandana Soni3 *
1 M.Pharm, Assistant Professor, Bansal College of Pharmacy, Kokta, Anand Nagar, Bhopal-462021, India.
2.Ph.D., Director, Bansal College of Pharmacy, Kokta, Anand Nagar, Bhopal-462021, India.
3.Ph.D., Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr H.S.Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar 470003, M.P. India.
Abstract:- The pupose of the present work was to assess iontophoretic transdermal delivery of Captopril across pigskin for its transdermal development. In vitro iontophoretic transdermal delivery of Captopril across the pigskin was investigated at three different drug concentrations and tree different current densities (0.25- 075 mA/cm2 ) in the donor cell of the diffusion apparatus, using cathodal iontophoresis along with the passive controls. For passive permeation, the steady state flux significantly increased with the donor drug concentration. At all concentration levels, iontophoresis considerably increased the permeation rate compared to passive controls. Iontophoretic transport of Captopril was to be found with current densities. Flux enhancement was highest at the lowest drug load and lowest at the highest drug load. We concluded permeation rate of drugs across the pigskin can be considerably enhanced by the use of Iontophoresis.
Keywords: Captopril; Iontophoresis; Pigskin; Transdermal drug delivery.
Research article:- * Dr. S. Swaminathan1, Dr. M. S. Seshadri2, Dr. A. S. Kanagasabapathy3 .
1.Sr. Consultant & Head, Biochemistry Department Apollo Speciality Hospital, Chennai -600 035,India.
2.Prof & Head, Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore-632004, India.
3.Former Prof of Clinical Biochemistry,Christian Medical College, Vellore -632004,India.
Abstract :- It is well known that zinc deficiency is prevalent in the soil in India. The Vellore District of Tamil Nadu state where this study was carried out is an industrial belt area with many tanneries around it. Tannery effluents may have some effect on the zinc content of drinking water in this area. While studying the relationship between zinc deficiency and human diseases it was thought necessary to estimate the zinc levels in drinking water and untreated tannery effluents and well water at a radius of 0.5 km of this area to correlate the data to the above said relationship, in the light of the WHO and other International guidelines. 50 samples of drinking water collected from taps in Tannery free areas, 30 samples of untreated Tannery effluents and an equal number of well waters near Tannery polluted areas (0.5km from each Tannery) were analysed for zinc content. While the mean zinc content of drinking water was 0.134 mg/L (against WHO guideline value of 3 mg/L), the mean zinc content of untreated Tannery effluent was 0.293 mg/L and that of well water was 0.047 mg/L. Zinc content in all the three sources showed a highly significant correlation (p<0.01) between any two sources.
Keywords:- Tannery Effluent, Zinc, Drinking water, Well water.
Research article:-
1 Adewuyi, G. O.,* 2 Olatoye, O. I., 1Abafe, A.O., 1 Otokpa, M. O. and 1 Nkukut, N. K.
1.Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
2.Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Abstract:- The extensive use of some antibiotics for broilers in Nigeria has been a major practice in recent times. The purpose is to enhance the health and productivity of flocks. The use of antimicrobials is strictly restricted by the Food and Drug Administration and USDA to warrant their safety and efficacy. These drugs are retained as residues in tissues and livers of ready for table poultry meats, long after their application. Some residues have been implicated as potential carcinogenes in human. In our study, a method for determination of residual chloramphenicol and oxytetracycline in livers and tissues of broilers using High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Technique has been established and validated. Chloramphenicol and tetracycline were extracted from livers and tissues by standard procedures and clean-up by liquid-liquid extraction after which extracts were analysed by HPLC. From the result, the recovery values for samples analysed ranged between 76.4 to 85% for all samples analysed. Chloramphenicol residue level in breast tissue and liver ranged from 89.33±3.00 to 223.05±2.76 μg/Kg and 118.05±2.05 to 415.00±7.64 μg/Kg. Oxytetracycline residue level in breast tissue and liver ranged from 670.00±3.00 to 1816 ± 49.33 and 1551.16±10.6 to 2697.53±1.89 μg/Kg. The coefficients of variation obtained were less than 10% which is an indication of high precision. The limit of detection for oxytetracycline and chloramphenicol was 13.0 and 7.0 μg/Kg while the limit of quantification was 42.0 and 24.0 μg/Kg respectively. The residual concentrations of the antibiotics were higher than the maximum residue limits established for them by the European Union (EU) which is 100μg/Kg for oxytetracycline and zero for chloramphenicol.
Keywords:- Antibiotics, Carcinogenic, Euthanise, Recovery, Extraction.