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Research article:-
1 Adewuyi, G. O.,* 2 Olatoye, O. I., 1Abafe, A.O., 1 Otokpa, M. O. and 1 Nkukut, N. K.
1.Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
2.Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Abstract:- The extensive use of some antibiotics for broilers in Nigeria has been a major practice in recent times. The purpose is to enhance the health and productivity of flocks. The use of antimicrobials is strictly restricted by the Food and Drug Administration and USDA to warrant their safety and efficacy. These drugs are retained as residues in tissues and livers of ready for table poultry meats, long after their application. Some residues have been implicated as potential carcinogenes in human. In our study, a method for determination of residual chloramphenicol and oxytetracycline in livers and tissues of broilers using High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Technique has been established and validated. Chloramphenicol and tetracycline were extracted from livers and tissues by standard procedures and clean-up by liquid-liquid extraction after which extracts were analysed by HPLC. From the result, the recovery values for samples analysed ranged between 76.4 to 85% for all samples analysed. Chloramphenicol residue level in breast tissue and liver ranged from 89.33±3.00 to 223.05±2.76 μg/Kg and 118.05±2.05 to 415.00±7.64 μg/Kg. Oxytetracycline residue level in breast tissue and liver ranged from 670.00±3.00 to 1816 ± 49.33 and 1551.16±10.6 to 2697.53±1.89 μg/Kg. The coefficients of variation obtained were less than 10% which is an indication of high precision. The limit of detection for oxytetracycline and chloramphenicol was 13.0 and 7.0 μg/Kg while the limit of quantification was 42.0 and 24.0 μg/Kg respectively. The residual concentrations of the antibiotics were higher than the maximum residue limits established for them by the European Union (EU) which is 100μg/Kg for oxytetracycline and zero for chloramphenicol.
Keywords:- Antibiotics, Carcinogenic, Euthanise, Recovery, Extraction.
Research article:- Harika K, Sunitha K, Pavan Kumar P, Arjun N and Madhusudan Rao Y*
Department of Pharmaceutics, National facilities in Engineering and Technology with Industrial Collaboration (NAFETIC) centre, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal – 506 009, A.P. India.
Abstract:-The intention of present study was to practice and evaluate fast disintegrating tablets containing antihypertensive drug i.e., Perindopril ter-butyl amine in a convenient dosage form for ease of administration and to accomplish better patient compliance. This study emphasizes on the various processes (wet granulation, compression granulation, direct compression and freeze drying techniques) adopted for the fabrication of fast disintegrating tablets, effect of superdisintegrants such as sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone and croscarmellose sodium at three levels and other additives like microcrystalline cellulose, sodium stearyl fumarate in different proportions on in–vitro and in-vivo disintegration time, wetting time and water absorption ratio. The tablets were tested for taste, weight and thickness variation, hardness, uniformity of dosage units, in-vitro and in-vivo disintegration time, and in-vitro drug release. The in‐vitro release of Perindopril was performed under sink conditions (0.1N HCl, 37±0.5 ºC, rpm 50) using USP TYPE -II dissolution apparatus. Results from taste evaluation in human volunteers revealed that the FDTs with taste-improved formulations containing aspartame had significantly enhanced palatability, improved mouth feel and reduced grittiness. The best in-vitro and in-vivo disintegration time (DT) was achieved with the formulation containing crospovidone and freeze dried formulation was found to be 20sec & 10sec and 28sec & 11sec, respectively. The results revealed that the tablets prepared by freeze drying method had a good dissolution profile with more than 90% of drug release within 30sec. Next to freeze drying method, formulation (P8) with 4% crospovidone showed complete drug release at the end of 3min. DSC and FT-IR studies did not show any evidence of interaction between the drug and the excipients although when formulated in various formulation methods. The stability studies showed that optimized formulation was considered to be highly stable.
Key words : Fast disintegrating tablets; freeze drying; Perindopril ter-butyl amine; superdisintegrants.
Research article:- * Rahul Nair 1, Sevukarajan.M 1, Ravi Kumar.
1.Department Of Pharmaceutics, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy,A.Rangampet, Tirupathi, Andhrapradesh, India.
Abstract :- The main objective of this study was to investigate polymorphic behavior of rizatriptan benzoate (RTB) The polymorphs were prepared by solvent evaporation method, by using various solvents like Polyvinyl pyrrolidine ,Tween 80 , Methanol and Polyethylene glycol .We have prepared four different polymorphs of RTB (Form I, Form II, Form III and Form IV). RTB polymorphs were characterized by infra-red absorption spectrum, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy and dissolution studies. It was observed that there was a significant change in the melting point between Form I and Form II when compared with RTB. Rizatriptan benzoate polymorphs prepared with TW 80 showed better dissolution. The mechanism of drug release was analyzed using zero order, first order, Peppas and, Hixson-Crowell models.
Key words:- Rizatriptan Benzoate, Polymorphs, Dissolution profiles
Research article:- Harison Masih1, Ajay Kumar Singh1, Yashab Kumar1, Aviral Srivastava1, Ravi Kant Singh*2, Santosh Kumar Mishra2, Kumar Shivam2.
*1.Dept. of Microbiology & Fermentation Technology, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, U.P., India.
2.Department of Biotechnology, IMS Engineering College, Ghaziabad, U.P., India.
Abstract:- Production of a family of lipopetide antibiotic by using mutated strain B. subtilis in submerged fermentation system was investigated. The mutated strain M40 showed a higher antagonistic activity than wild strain of B. subtillus against the plant pathogens Erwinia carotovora var. carotovora. The mutated strain was inoculated in three different liquid culture media CPG, CPM, CPMCa++ to study the level of production of inhibitory substances & CPMCa++ was found best culture medium against plant pathogens. The antagonistic strain M40 was more active than wild strain and obtained metabolite was thermostable, protease resistance and classified as producer of antibiotic of metabolite group.
Key words:- Lipopetide antibiotic, B. subtilis, Mutated strain, Erwinia carotovora var. carotovora, Plant pathogens
Research article:- *Anil Kumar1, Devika Tripathi1, Jyotsna Dora1, Rishikant tripathi.
Pharmacy College, Itaura, Chandeshwar, Azamgarh, U.P., India.
Abstract:- Eugenia Jambolana, an important medicinal plant, commonly known as Jamun and belongs to the family Myrtaceae. The plant is found throughout in India. The present investigation, the various Pharmacognostical standard have been generated, so that authentic plant material could to explore for its therapeutic claims. The detailed Pharmacognostical studies of Eugenia Jambolana leaf is carried out which could be useful in future experimental studies. The study includes microscopic parts of Eugenia Jambolana leaf.
Keywords:- Eugenia Jambolana, Pharmacognostical studies.