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Review article:- I.N. Krishna Teja, N. Vishal Gupta*, Srirupa Biswas, H.V. Gangadharappa, T.M. Pramod Kumar, M. Sujith Kumar .
Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS University, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysore – 570015, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:-The objective of this study was to compile GMP requirements for tablet manufacturing facilities of regulated countries and rest of the world countries. GMP covers all aspects of production, from the starting materials, premises, equipment and training and personal hygiene to staff. Detailed written procedures are essential for each process of manufacturing of tablet that could affect the quality of the finished product. Implementation of GMP is an investment in good quality medicines. This will improve the health of the individual patient and the community, as well as benefiting the pharmaceutical industry and health professionals. This work helps in bringing the awareness about the manufacturing requirements as per India and EU. It demonstrates industry and regulatory authority’s support for an effective pharmaceutical quality system to enhance the quality and availability of medicines around the world in the interest of public health. Implementation of GMP throughout the product lifecycle should facilitate innovation and continual improvement and strengthen the link between pharmaceutical development and manufacturing activities. It also helps in increasing the process efficiency and product quality by adopting the current, risk-based manufacturing approach and in turn optimizes manufacturing process and improves quality of the end-product.
Keywords:-GMP, Tablet, India, EU.
Research article:- * P.B.AYOOLA1, O.O.ONAWUMI2 and O.O.P.FABOYA2.
1.Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology,P.M.B.4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
2.Department of Chemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology,P.M.B.4000,Ogbomoso,Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract:-Sample of Tetracarpidium conophorum seeds (Nigerian walnut) was analysed for Proximate composition, Phytochemical composition, Vitamins and Mineral constituents. The result of proximate analysis shows that the raw seeds contained 41.5% moisture, 4.28% fat,7.34% fibre,21.65% protein, 5.27% Ash and 19.96% carbohydrate. The phytochemical screening and subsequent quantification revealed the presence of bioactive compounds. Tannin, 0.089mg/kg, Alkaloid, 2.380mg/kg and Gallic acid, 0.024mg/kg. There were no traces of saponin, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, ellagic acid and caffeinic acid. The mineral analysis revealed the constituents to be K, 6250mg/kg, Na, 4830mg/kg, Ca, 4337.5mg/kg, Mg, 1711.25mg/kg, Fe, 110mg/kg, Zn, 40.10mg/kg, Mn, 22.00mg/kg, Cu, 16.45mg/kg,. Vitamin composition results showed that the seed contained Thiamine (B1) 0.06μg/100g, Ascorbic acid (C) 4.15μg/100g, Riboflavin (B2) 0.02μg/g, Niacin, 0.05μg/100g, Cyanocobalamin (B12) ,0.12μg/100g. The results proved that Tetracarpidium conophorum seed is a food and could be a potential source of useful drugs formulation.
Key words :- Tetracarpidium conophorum, Coula edulis, phytochemical, nutrient, seed.
Research article:- * P. M. Somade1, Atul R. Chopade2&3, Mahesh Kumbhar2 , F. J. Sayyad3
1.Department of Physiology, KIMU, Karad, District : Satara, 415110. Maharashtra, India. 2.Department of Pharmacology, Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Taluka:- Walwa, District:- Sangli. 415404. Maharashtra, India.
3.Govt. College of Pharmacy, Karad, 415110, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract:-The study was performed using multidimensional health assessment questionnaire to quantify the prevalence of pain among the rural patients and to describe the potential determinants of pain in rural population. The study describes the prevalence of pain among rural area and analyzes its determinants, as chronic pain is a major problem in the rural community and a detailed understanding of the epidemiology of chronic pain is essential for efficient management of chronic pain in primary care.
Keywords:-Rural, chronic pain.
Research article:- * Dr. S. Swaminathan1, Dr. M. S. Seshadri2, Dr. A. S. Kanagasabapathy3 .
1.Sr. Consultant & Head, Biochemistry Department Apollo Speciality Hospital, Chennai -600 035,India.
2.Prof & Head, Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore-632004, India.
3.Former Prof of Clinical Biochemistry,Christian Medical College, Vellore -632004,India.
Abstract :- It is well known that zinc deficiency is prevalent in the soil in India. The Vellore District of Tamil Nadu state where this study was carried out is an industrial belt area with many tanneries around it. Tannery effluents may have some effect on the zinc content of drinking water in this area. While studying the relationship between zinc deficiency and human diseases it was thought necessary to estimate the zinc levels in drinking water and untreated tannery effluents and well water at a radius of 0.5 km of this area to correlate the data to the above said relationship, in the light of the WHO and other International guidelines. 50 samples of drinking water collected from taps in Tannery free areas, 30 samples of untreated Tannery effluents and an equal number of well waters near Tannery polluted areas (0.5km from each Tannery) were analysed for zinc content. While the mean zinc content of drinking water was 0.134 mg/L (against WHO guideline value of 3 mg/L), the mean zinc content of untreated Tannery effluent was 0.293 mg/L and that of well water was 0.047 mg/L. Zinc content in all the three sources showed a highly significant correlation (p<0.01) between any two sources.
Keywords:- Tannery Effluent, Zinc, Drinking water, Well water.
Research article:- * Dr.Binesh Lal.Y1, Dr.Kalyani.M2.
1.Assistant Professor, Department Of Microbiology, Saveetha Medical College,Thandalam, Kancheepuram District Tamilnadu, India.
2.Professor, Department Of Microbiology, Saveetha Medical College,Thandalam, Kancheepuram District, Tamilnadu, India.
Abstract: -Back ground and objective: With the increase in the number of immunocompromised individuals, there has been a consequent rise in the number of opportunistic infections, especially those due to Candida species. A rise in the incidence of antifungal resistance has also been reported. Aim: To isolate and identify the Candida species causing infections in patients from a tertiary care centre and also to study their antifungal susceptibility profile. Materials and methods: One hundred and twenty seven candidial isolates from urine (73), vaginal swabs (24), exudates (21) and blood (09) were taken for the study. The four species of Candida isolated in this study were Candida tropicalis 54.3%, C.albicans (37.8%) C. paropsilosis (5.5%) and C.glabrata (2.4%). Antifungal susceptibility tests against Amphotericin B, Ketaconazole, Itraconazole, and Fluconazole were done recommended by the Clinical and laboratory standards (CLSI). The zone of inhibition of fungal growth was measured and compared with standard strains as per manufacturer’s instructions. Results: Out of 127 isolates, the commonest source of isolation of candida species in the decreasing order of frequency, namely urine 57.5%, vaginal swab (18.9%), exudates 16.5% and blood 7.1%. Candida tropicalis 54.3% was the predominant isolate followed by C.albicans 37.8%. C.parapsilosis 5.5% and the least common isolate C.glabrata 2.7%. Maximum numbers of the candidial isolates 57.5% were from urine samples and urinary catheterization was noted as risk factor among urinary samples. CHROMagar candida medium is found to be useful in identification of Candida species. All the candidial isolates were susceptible to Amphotericin-B. C.albicans 6.3% and C.tropicalis 37.7% showed higher degree of resistance to Fluconazole. C.parapsilosis 57.1% to Ketaconazole and C.glabrata to Ketaconazole 66.6% and Fluconazole 66.6%.
Keywords:- Candida species, 10% Potssium hydroxide (KOH), Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar, CHROMAgar.