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Review article:- Arun Mittal*1 (M.Pharm.), Satish Sardana1 (M.Pharm., Ph.D.), Anima Pandey2 (M.Pharm., Ph.D.) .
1.Department of Pharmacognosy, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Sonepat-131001, Haryana , India.
2.Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Birla Instiute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi-835215, Jharkhand ,India.
Abstract:- Jasminum sambac Ait. commonly known as ‘Motia’ is an evergreen plant, belongs to family Oleaceae and has been extensively used in traditional medicine. It possesses immense medicinal applications such as to cure insanity, weakness of sight, affections of mouth, skin diseases, leprosy, ulcers and in suppression of puerperal lactation. It also possesses antidiabetic, antitumour, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiacne, woundhealing properties and has A.N.S stimulating effect. The plant contains sambacin, jasminin, sambacoside A, sambacolignoside, quercitin, isoquercitin, rutin, kaempferol, luteolin, phenyl methanol, linalool, alpha-terpineol, friedelin, lupeol, betulin, alpha amyrin, ursolic acid, and Seco-irridoid glucoside- sambacoside A-G along with oleoside 11-methylester. Present review summarizes phytochemistry, pharmacology, traditional claims, substantiated medicinal properties and biological activities of J. sambac and its usage in different ailments.
Keywords:- Jasminum sambac, Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological activities.
Review article:- * Yerram Raju Behara
*B.Pharm, Department of Pharmacology, Sri Indu Institute of Pharmacy, affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad ,India.
Abstract:-Artichoke leaf consists of the fresh or dried leaf of Cynara scolymus Artichoke leaf extract is made from the long, serrated basal leaves of the plant in which is found the highest concentration of biologically active compounds .Artichoke extract is one of the few herbal remedies where the clinical and experimental trials have complemented each other. Both experimental and clinical effects have been verified through extensive biomedical herbal remedy research. Specifically, antioxidant, choleretic, hepatoprotective, bile-enhancing and lipid-lowering effects have been demonstrated, which correspond with its historical use. Ongoing research seems to indicate that artichoke does indeed have medicinal qualities. Most significant appears to be its beneficial effect on the liver. In animal studies, liquid extracts of the roots and leaves of artichoke have demonstrated an ability to protect the liver, and possibly even to help liver cells regenerate. Although research is not yet conclusive, scientists are optimistic that its long-standing use in humans for digestive and bowel problems is indeed justified. It may also play a role in lowering cholesterol and thus help to prevent heart disease. Boiled wild artichoke reduces postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses in normal subjects but has no effect on metabolic syndrome patients. This article intends to review the wide ranging pharmacological effects of artichoke.
Key words :- Artichoke, Cynara scolymus , antioxidant, choleretic, hepatoprotective, bile-enhancing and lipid-lowering, postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses, metabolic syndrome, HIVinhibitor.
Research article:- Jahir Alam Khan1 , * Krishna Pratap Yadav2
1.R &D Division, MRD LifeSciences (P) Ltd., Lucknow (U.P), India.
2.Department of Biotechnology, R.M.L. Awadh University, Faizabad (U.P). India.
Abstract:-Cold and hot water, methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, and hexane extracts of leaves, stem and roots of Ricinus communis in a final concentration of 500mg/ml were evaluated for their antifungal properties against pathogenic microorganisms such as Trycophyton rubrum, Candida albicans, Microsporum Spp. using agar well diffusion method. In case of leaf cold aqueous, methanolic and acetone extracts were effective. Only cold aqueous extract of stem was effective. Cold aqueous extract of root was most effective followed by acetone, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts. MIC was also calculated for the most effective extracts and it was found to be 31.25mg/ml.
Key words :- Antifungal properties, Ricinus communis, Pathogens, Solvent extraction, Agar well diffusion
Research article:- 1*Gohel Salim D., 2Patel KS, 3Harisha C.R. 4Shukla VJ,
1.*Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Kaumarabhritya, IPGT & RA, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India – 361 008.
2.Associate Professor and Head, Department of Kaumarabhritya, IPGT & RA, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India – 361 008.
3.Head, Pharmacognosy Laboratory, IPGT & RA, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India – 361 008.
4.Head, Pharmaceutical Chemistry laboratory, IPGT&RA, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India – 361 008.
Abstract:-Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in India. Every year approximately 18 lakh people develop TB and about 4 lakh die from it. About one million children develop tuberculosis (TB) annually worldwide, accounting for about 11% of all TB cases. Lots of single and compound drugs have been described in Ayurvedic classics for the management of Rajayakshma (Tuberculosis). Ikshvadi Avaleha is one among them and is very safe to be used in children. The objective of this work is to standardize Ikshvadi Avaleha by means of pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical analysis. Pharmacognostical study that consists of both macroscopic and microscopic features of raw drug exposed to the quality and genuineness of all the constituents of Ikshvadi Avaleha, Specific gravity of prepared Avaleha was 1.245 and pH was 8.2. TLC and HPTLC were carried out after organizing appropriate solvent system in which maximum 4 spots were distinguished in TLC and 3 spots in HPTLC and most of the Rf values were identical when done with different sample extractive methods. It is inferred that the formulation meets the minimum qualitative standards as reported in the API at a preliminary level. The inference from this study may be used as reference standard in the further quality control researches.
Key Words:- Rajayakshma (Tuberculosis) Ikshvadi Avaleha, Pharmacognosy, Physico-chemical Analysis.
Research article:- * Salah I. Kheder
Ph.D Pharmacology - National college of Medical & Techenical sciencies National college of Medical & Techenical sciencies– Pharmacy program , Khartoum – Sudan,3783 Khartoum.
Abstract:-Most hospitals in Sudan consumed large amount of cephalosporin antibiotics, particularly in surgical departments as the preferred choice for prophylaxis. The present study audited the use of cephalosporin in a general hospital surgical setting and investigated the resistance rates to the different cephalosporin antibiotics used. Consumption of cephalosporin antibiotics calculated, and surveillance susceptibility results was obtained on a daily base for 2 years from May 2008 to May 2010, from hospital microbiology laboratory and analyzed every 3-4 months. Consumption was significantly decreased from 270 DDDs/1000 patient-days at the beginning of observational periods to 104 DDDs/1000 patient-days for the last 3 months of intervention period (representing a 61.6% decrease), but high resistance rates remained almost unchanged. Appropriate infection control and antibiotic management strategies are needed to stem the spread of this emerging of resistance.
Key words :- Antibiotic resistance, Antibiotic policy, Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases, ESBLs.