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Research article:- * Kunanusorn Puongtip1, Panthong Ampai2, Nuntasaen Narong3, Pittayanurak Prapadsorn4, Reutrakul Vichai5 .
1 Ph.D., Department of Pharmacology and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
2 Dr. rer. nat., Department of Pharmacology and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
3 M.Sc., The Forest Herbarium National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Bangkok, Thailand.
4 B.Sc., 5 Ph.D., Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Abstract:-Clausena excavata Burm. f. has been used in Thailand as a folk medicine for the treatment of several disorders. To evaluate its safety, toxicity studies of the methanol extract from the stems of C. excavata were performed in rats. The extract was administered orally at a dose of 5,000 mg/kg in acute toxicity study, and at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day for 90 days in repeated dose 90-day toxicity study. Toxicological parameters were examined at the end of each study. Student's paired t-test was used to analyze data obtained from acute toxicity study. One-way analysis of variance and post hoc least-significant difference test were used to determine statistical difference between groups in the repeated dose 90-day toxicity study. In acute toxicity study, the extract caused no signs of toxicity, death or any pathological abnormalities at necropsy on day 14. Thus its oral LD50 is suggested to be greater than 5 g/kg. In the repeated dose 90-day toxicity study, no signs of toxicity and death were observed. Some hematological and biochemical parameters as well as some internal organ weights showed statistically significant changes when compared with those of the control group. All parameters of the treated rats were within the normal laboratory ranges for the Sprague-Dawley rats and were considered as biological variations. Moreover, no abnormality of all organs examined was observed in both gross and histopathological examinations. These results suggest that the no-observed-adverse-effect level of the extract is 200 mg/kg/day following daily oral administrations for 90 days.
Keywords:- Acute oral toxicity, Clausena excavata, 90-day oral toxicity, Rats, Stem extract.
Review article:- *Srujan Reddy1, Palash Das1, Harika Das1, Arpita Ghosh2.
*1Department of Pharmaceutics, SRM University, Chennai, India.
1Department of Pharmaceutics, MLR Institute of Pharmacy, Dundigal, Hyderabad, India.
2Department of Pharmaceutics, Bojjam Narsimhulu College for Women, Hyderabad , India.
Abstract:-Compaction of multiparticulates, commonly called MUPS, is one of the more recent and challenging technologies that combine the advantages of both tablets and pellet-filled capsules in one dosage form. This article reviews the advantages and drawbacks of MUPS, properties of an ideal MUPS dosage form, mechanisms involved in their compaction, their disintegration and dissolution behavior, objectives/rationale involved in the design of MUPS dosage form, challenges in their compaction and key variables to be considered in successful production of MUPS.
Key words:- MUPS, multiparticulates, pellets, tablets, compaction, compression, tabletting.
Research article:- *Kunal Madhav1, Satish Verma2, Ritu Tanta3 .
1Lecturer, Department of Microbiology, Sai Institute of Paramedical And Allied Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
2Lecturer, Department of Biotechnology, Sai Institute of Paramedical And Allied Sciences, Uttarakhand ,India.
3Department of Microbiology , Sai Institute of Paramedical And Allied Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
Abstract:- The present work is focused on the isolation of Bacillus spp. from the soil sample of industrial, city and agricultural land in Dehradun (Uttarakhand). The collected samples were labeled as Agricultural soil sample (ASB), Industrial soil sample (ISB) and city soil sample (CSB). Soil samples were then serially diluted in normal saline and plated on sterile nutrient agar plates. The colonies obtained from higher dilutions were subjected to Gram staining, biochemical reactions and starch hydrolysis test. Bacterial colony yielding positive starch hydrolysis test were subjected to Amylase activity test. The amylase activity was also carried on the isolated bacteria with respect to time, temperature and pH of the media in which it was inoculated. The result showed that the maximum amylase activity in case of Agricultural soil (34.2%) followed by city sample (26.07%) and industrial sample (21.79%). Amylase activity was also checked with respect to temperature, time and pH. The activity of amylase was seen to increase with respect to time, pH and temperature which was found to be 18.33 IU, 6.89 IU and 6.85 IU in case of Agricultural soil bacilli respectively; whereas both city and industrial soil sample yielded comparatively low results.
Keywords:- Amylase activity, Bacilli, Soil, pH effect.
Research article:-*Swapna Velivela 1, Sashmitha Samuel.B1, V. Asha Ranjani1, P.Muthuprasanna2.
1MLR Institute of Pharmacy, Dundigal (V), Quthbullapur (M), Hyderabad-43, Andhra Pradesh, India.
2.Hindu college of Pharmacy, Guntur-522002, A.P , India.
Abstract:-Trimetazidine (TMZ) is an effective and well tolerated anti-anginal drug that possesses protective properties against ischemia- induced heart injury. However it has a short coming of a shorter half-life. Hence, in the present investigation extended release pellets of Trimetazidine hydrochloride (TMZ) were prepared using ethyl cellulose polymers to achieve a prolonged therapeutic action by continuously releasing medication over an extended period of time after administration of a single dose. The sustained release formulations were optimized by employing suspension / solution layering technique. The drug release characteristics of all the formulations were evaluated by HPLC technique and stability studies were carried out for about three months at different temperature and humidity conditions.
Key words:- Ethyl cellulose (EC), Sustained release (SR), Trimetazidine (TMZ)
Research article:- * Vidyadhar B. Bangal1, Purushottam A. Giri2, Bhushan M. Sali3.
1Professor and Head, Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OBGY), Rural Medical College & Pravara Rural Hospital of Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Loni, Dist. Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.
2Assistant Professor, Dept. of Community Medicine (PSM), Rural Medical College & Pravara Rural Hospital of Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Loni Dist. Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.
3Postgraduate student, Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OBGY), Rural Medical College & Pravara Rural Hospital of Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Loni Dist. Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract:- Oligohydramnios or reduced amount of amniotic fluid volume is a commonly observed obstetric problem during third trimester of pregnancy. It accompanies a broad range of reproductive disorders including anomalies of fetus and functional disorders of mother, fetus and placenta. Reduced amniotic fluid volume is associated with adverse perinatal outcome. A prospective hospital based study of total 100 cases of oligohydramnios coming for delivery to Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni was undertaken over a period of two years from October 2007 to September 2009. The information regarding bio-social characteristics, maternal and perinatal outcome were collected and results were analyzed by using percentage and proportion. In the present study, the majority of the cases( 78%) were unbooked and belonged to the age group of 20-30 years and had associated maternal or fetal complications. Postdated pregnancy, pregnancy induced hypertension and fetal congenital anomalies were the commonest complications associated with oligohydramnios. Forty four percent cases were delivered by caesarean section. Overall perinatal mortality was 24%. Cases with severe oligohydramnios and anhydramnios were associated with intrapartum fetal heart rate abnormalities, (16%) low Apgar score and (8%) meconium aspiration syndrome. Every case of oligohydramnios needs careful evaluation, parental counseling and individualized decision regarding timing and mode of delivery. Continuous intrapartum fetal monitoring and good neonatal care support is essential for optimum perinatal outcome.
Keywords:- Maternal outcome, perinatal outcome, Oligohydramnios.