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Research article:- *V. Selvam 1, R .Thamil Selvi2 , P.M. Subramaniam3, Vijayanath.V4.
1Lecturer in Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, VMKV Medical College & Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu,India.
2Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, VMKV Medical College & Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
3Prof. & HOD of Pathology, VMKV Medical College & Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu,India. 4.Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, VMKV Medical College & Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu ,India.
Abstract:- Introduction: We aimed to determine the prevalence of common lung and liver diseases and correlate with age, sex, life style & its other factors. Histopathology is an important and most useful way to find out the condition of internal visceral organs. These specimen were collected from different causes of deaths of people who lived in and around of Salem district. Condition of the lungs and liver were described during autopsy and gross examination. Histopathology study was conducted from 120 cases in V.M.K.V. Medical College Hospital, in the department of Pathology Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. Methods: The study was conducted over a period of two years (2009-2011) as elective and prospective study. We collected samples from 120 cases for histopathology study. Samples were collected from each right and left lobes of lung and the liver as well as other gross findings on cut surface, color and other external features were observed and recorded. Tissue sections made and stained with Hematoxylin, Eosin & Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining were evaluated. Results: Of the 120 cases were studied, 12 cases excluded due to autolysis. 108 cases have analysed for study, the cases ranging from 6 years to 80 years. In lungs, pulmonary edema 26.6%, emphysematous 50%, tuberculosis 2.8%, pneumanitis10.2% and no findings in7.4% cases. Whereas in liver, fatty changes in 26.9%, normal 25.9%; congestion 16.7%, hepatitis 13.9%, cirrhosis & abscess each 7.4% and malignancy only in 1.9% cases. Conclusion: From the histopathological study of lung the most common findings were emphysematous and pulmonary edema. And in the liver, the most common findings were found in fatty changes, both lung & liver diseases starts with age of 40 years and above accordance to exposure of toxic substances and consumption of alcohol respectively, in and around of Salem population.
Keywords:- Histopathology, autopsy, emphysematous, pulmonary edema, fatty changes.
Research article:- *Kunal Madhav1, Satish Verma2, Ritu Tanta3 .
1Lecturer, Department of Microbiology, Sai Institute of Paramedical And Allied Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
2Lecturer, Department of Biotechnology, Sai Institute of Paramedical And Allied Sciences, Uttarakhand ,India.
3Department of Microbiology , Sai Institute of Paramedical And Allied Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
Abstract:- The present work is focused on the isolation of Bacillus spp. from the soil sample of industrial, city and agricultural land in Dehradun (Uttarakhand). The collected samples were labeled as Agricultural soil sample (ASB), Industrial soil sample (ISB) and city soil sample (CSB). Soil samples were then serially diluted in normal saline and plated on sterile nutrient agar plates. The colonies obtained from higher dilutions were subjected to Gram staining, biochemical reactions and starch hydrolysis test. Bacterial colony yielding positive starch hydrolysis test were subjected to Amylase activity test. The amylase activity was also carried on the isolated bacteria with respect to time, temperature and pH of the media in which it was inoculated. The result showed that the maximum amylase activity in case of Agricultural soil (34.2%) followed by city sample (26.07%) and industrial sample (21.79%). Amylase activity was also checked with respect to temperature, time and pH. The activity of amylase was seen to increase with respect to time, pH and temperature which was found to be 18.33 IU, 6.89 IU and 6.85 IU in case of Agricultural soil bacilli respectively; whereas both city and industrial soil sample yielded comparatively low results.
Keywords:- Amylase activity, Bacilli, Soil, pH effect.
Research article:- *Nagdeote A.N.1, Dange N. S.2, Deshpande K. A.3 and Pawade Y. R. 4.
1Associate professor in Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, ESI Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Andheri east, Mumbai , Maharashtra, India. 2Associate professor in Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, India.
3Assistant Professor in Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
4Assistant Professor in Biochemistry and clinical nutrition Seth G S Medical College & KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract:- Calcium and magnesium exert a major role upon diverse physiological process. Defect in calcium homeostasis have been seen in the asthma process. Antagonism of calcium and magnesium in the asthma and the beneficial effect of magnesium therapy in asthma have also been found in many studies. Children being the major target of asthma, we studied the blood levels of ionized calcium, total calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium in 50 asthmatic children attending the pediatric OPD and compared with similar number of age and sex matched control. It was found that there was significant decrease in the levels of serum ionized calcium (1.15 ± 0.01 mmol/L), total calcium (8.93 ± 0.96mg/dl) and serum magnesium (1.91 ± 0.23 mg/dl)in asthmatic children as compare to the normal controls (1.24 ± 0.01 mmol/L), (9.35 ± 0.90 mg/dl) and (2.05 ± 0.23 mg/dl) respectively. The significant decrease was irrespective with the age, gender of patients and the severity of disease. In study group serum sodium (138 ± 3.4 mmol/L) and potassium (4.13 ± 0.46 mmol/L) showed no significant difference as compared to normal control group (139 ± 3.4 mmol/L) and (4.2 ± 0.53 mmol/L) respectively. A defect in calcium homeostasis may lead to increased utilization and translocation i.e. higher influx of calcium ions in bronchial smooth muscle cells and variety of other cells for e.g. mast cells which might have caused its lowering in plasma, ionized calcium being a physically active fraction which account for nearly half of the total calcium levels. These results suggest that airway hyper-responsiveness may be associated with altered calcium mobilization in airway smooth muscles. Utilization of magnesium for antagonism of calcium in the asthma process might have caused significant lowering in serum magnesium levels in asthmatic children as compare to normal controls.
Key words:- asthma, hyper-reactivity, ionized calcium, magnesium.
Research article:-* Jahir Alam Khan1 and R. Umesh Shukla 2.
1 R&D division, MRD LifeSciences (P) Ltd., Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
2 Sai Nath Group of Education, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Abstract:- Five Bacterial isolates MJU1101, MJU1102, MJU1103, MJU1104 and MJU1105 were isolated from oil contaminated soil and were screened for oil degradation potential in MSM (minimal salt media) supplemented with 5% used engine oil by studying the growth and protein profile. Out of the five three isolates MJU1101, MJU1102 and MJU1105 showed good oil degradation potential, and were identified based on Bergey’s manual. All the three isolates individually and in combination were used to remediate the oil contaminated soil, and the effect of remediation on soil fertility was checked by sowing seeds of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in treated and non treated soil. It was seen that no germination occurred in untreated soil but chickpea germinated and grew well in soil treated with isolate MJU1101 and MJU1102. Germination was good and faster in MJU1101.
Keywords:- Bioremediation, Oil spills, Oil degradation potential, Cicer arietinum, soil fertility.
Research article:- *R P Mishra1, Deepak2, Surya Pratap Singh2 & Raheel Anwar2.
1R & D Division, MRD LifeSciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
2Stani Memorial P. G. College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Abstract:- Infections caused by drug resistant microorganisms result in significant increase in mortality, morbidity and cost related to prolonged treatments. To check the virulence and sensitivity towards drugs, a brief knowledge of culture conditions and nutritional requirements are needed. This study includes the culture optimization and nutritional evaluation of the Acinetobacter baumannii under different pH, media components and also the effect of different drugs. Intra & extracellular extracts obtained from the culture proved very good response against other virulent pathogens, thus a controlled culturing under strict observations can lead to an innovative antimicrobial components to be used as health care drug in future.
Keywords:- Acinetobacter baumannii, antimicrobial activity, MIC, E. coli, S. aureus, C. albicans MRSRA 1102 MH.