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Research article:- *Amit Pandey1, Arti Kaushik2, Sudeep Kumar Tiwari2
1R&D Division, MRD LifeSciences, Lucknow-226010, India.
2 IIMT, Aligarh- 202001, India.
Abstract:- The present study was carried out to find out the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic, methanolic, ethyl acetate & hot water extract of lemon fruit parts like peels & seeds. Antimicrobial analysis was done by using agar well diffusion method against bacterial and fungal pathogens. Methanolic extract of lemon peels exhibited the maximum zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa whereas hot water extract of lemon peels exhibited least zone of inhibition. Ethanolic extract of lemon seeds showed maximum zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa whereas hot water extract showed least zone of inhibition. MIC value was determined by using micro broth dilution method. The least concentration was obtained 2.4 mg/ml for ethanolic and hot water extracts of lemon peels against S. aureus. The MBC value also determined and phytochemical analysis showed the presence of tannins, glycosides, reducing sugars and flavonoids.
Keywords:- Antimicrobial analysis, methanolic, ethanolic & hot water plant extract, MIC, MBC, zone of inhibition, phytochemical analysis.
Research article:- *Amit Pandey1, Shweta2
1R&D Division, MRD LifeSciences, Lucknow-226010, India.
2DAV College, CSJM University, Kanpur-802024, India.
Abstract:-The present study was designated to evaluate the antifungal activities of ethanolic, methanolic, ethyl acetate and hot water extract from leaves and fruits of Psidium guajava. Compare to all parts, the fruits were showing best result and the zone of inhibition was obtained 29 mm in methanolic extract of fruits against T. rubrum. The antifungal activities of the extracts against fungus were tested by using agar well diffusion assay and the MIC values were determined by broth dilution assay. The hot water extracts showed lower antifungal activity as compared to methanolic, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts. The least concentrations were obtained 1.98 mg/ml in methanolic extract of fruits and ethanolic extract of leaves against T. rubrum and also 0.33 mg/ml for ethyl acetate extract of fruits against T. rubrum. The antifungal compound mainly found in Psidium guajava were tannins, phlobatannins, saponins, terpenoids, alkaloids and poly phenols.
Keywords:- Antifungal properties, ethanolic, ethyl acetate and methanolic plant extract, MIC, zone of inhibition.
Research article:- *Amit Pandey1, Afsheen2, Firdous Ara2, Sudeep Kumar Tiwari2
1R&D Division, MRD LifeSciences, Lucknow-226010, India.
2 IIMT, Aligarh- 202001, India.
Abstract:- The antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed for the isolated cultures obtained from hospital waste and laundry water in Lucknow. During the study, out of 16 cultures, 3 bacterial isolates were identified with the help of Bergey’s manual. They included; Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus species. The 6 antibiotics were used Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Tetracycline, Ofloxacin, Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin at lower to higher conc. (10µg- 10mg). The best results obtained for Ofloxacin, Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol antibiotics (10µg-1mg). The resistance of the 3 bacterial isolates to the commonly used antibiotics revealed that for all antibiotics, all the cultures were showing resistance and against Ofloxacin, it was 100% and for Chloramphenicol, the resistance activity was measured 80%. The MIC and MBC were also performed for identified cultures.
Key words:- Antibiotic sensitivity test, Resistance, MIC and MBC.
Research article:- *Amit Pandey1, Rashmi Mishra2
1*R&D Division, MRD LifeSciences, Lucknow-226010, India.
2DAV College, CSJM University, Kanpur-802024, India.
Abstract: The present study was designated to evaluate the antibacterial activities of Ethanolic, Methanolic, Ethyl acetate and Hot water extract from leaves, fruits and peels of Aegle marmelos. Compare to all parts, the fruits were showing best result. The antibacterial activities of the extracts against bacteria were tested by agar well diffusion assay and the MIC values were determined by broth dilution assay. The methanolic and hot water extracts showed least antibacterial activity as compared to ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts. The MIC values were obtained 1.98 mg/ml in ethanolic and ethyl acetate extract of fruits against S. aureus and 11.90mg/ml in methanolic extract against P. aeruginosa. The antibacterial compound mainly found in Aegle marmelos were tannins, phlobatannins, saponins, terpenoids, alkaloids and poly phenols.
Keywords: Antibacterial properties, ethanolic and methanolic plant extract, MIC, zone of inhibition.
Research article:-Haque Aminul Md., Islam Ashraful S. M. and Shahriar Mohammad
* MS in Pharm. Tech., Lecturer, Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh.
M. Pharm., Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh. MS in Pharm. Tech., Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh.
Abstract: Tinospora crispa (family: Menispermaceae) has been investigated for evaluation of the biological activities. The stem bark T. crispa of was extracted with methanol and the extract was partitioned with petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble fractions. The chloroform, petroleum ether and methanolic extracts were subjected to antimicrobial screening against some gram-positive and gram-negative organisms by the disc diffusion method. In the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the extracts of chloroform, petroleum ether and methanol were found to show LC50 of 11.5 g/ml, 12.6 g/ml and 12.0 g/ml respectively. This indicated that the cytotoxicity exhibited by the chloroform, petroleum ether and methanol extract was very significant. These extractives were subjected to antioxidant screening- by DPPH free radical scavenging activity. In these cases, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and ascorbic acid were used as antioxidant standard. By DPPH assay, it is found that the carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction of T. crispa showed strong antioxidant activity with the IC50 value 30 µg/ml. Besides petroleum ether and chloroform soluble fractions also showed free radical scavenging activity with the IC50 value 70 and 75 µg/ml, respectively.
Keywords: T. crispa, extracts, antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial screening