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Research article:-
*Rachna Dhani1, Shashank k Singh2 A.C.Bhuyan3
1Department of Conservative Dentistry & endodotics, Indira Gandhi Government Dental College and Hospital, Jammu,J&K,India.
2Pharmacolgy Division, Indian institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu,India. 3Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Regional Dental College, Guahati,Assam,India.
Abstract: Aim : To evaluate and compare the pH , setting time, hardness and chemical composition of white ProRoot MTA with gray and white Portland cements and a novel composition of Portland cement with bismuth oxide. Methods: The Chemical Composition and surface characteristics of both in powder and bound form of samples were analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and Scanning electron microscopy respectively. The pH values of samples were determined with pH meter having temperature regulated electrode. The Vickers hardness number i.e. microhardness was measured with microhardness tester. Setting time was measured with Gilmore needle apparatus. Results: The chemical composition of white Portland cement, gray Portland cement, modified Portland cement and MTA were very similar in powder and bound form. The only difference obtained was the presence of bismuth ions in MTA and modified Portland cement and iron in gray Portland cement. All the cements tested showed no difference in pH values at 2 mins, 30 mins and 60 mins (p>0.005). All the cements showed similar setting time except gray Portland cement showed higher setting time. The hardness value of all the cements were same except white Portland cement showed significant higher value (p<0.05). Conclusion: The MTA and Modified Portland cements showed similar physico-chemical properties and EDX study showed similar chemical composition but not same.
Key Words: MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate), Portland cement(s).
Research article:-
*Nayyar Nandini1 , Dodwad Vidya2 , Arora Komal3
1MDS, Periodontology & Oral implantology, ITS-CDSR Dental College, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, UP, India.
2Professor & HOD, Periodontology & Oral implantology, ITS-CDSR Dental College, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, UP, India.
3Post graduate, Final year, Periodontology & Oral implantology, ITS-CDSR Dental College, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, UP, India,
Abstract:- Aim: Due to the clinical drawbacks of synthetic agents, the relatively safe nature of herbal extracts, has led to their use in various fields as an alternative. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological efficacy of subgingival irrigation with curcumin post scaling and root planing when compared to the gold standard chlorhexidine. Method: Thirty medically healthy subjects, belonging to both sexes, ranging in age from 30-50 years, participated in the study. All subjects had screening examinations following which they received a complete prophylaxis including scaling and professional tooth cleaning and baseline examination of plaque, gingivitis, probing depth and relative attachment level were measured for each subject and microbiological samples were taken. One group received sub gingival irrigation with 1% Curcumin solution, second group was irrigated with 0.2% chlorhexidine solution and the third group was irrigarted with 0.9% saline. Subjects were reassessed at 15 days and 1month for clinical and microbiological parameters. Results: The Chlorhexidine irrigation appeared to provide greater plaque and gingivitis inhibitory action which was followed by curcumin irrigation (which was slightly lower than chlorhexidine) and then 0.9%saline irrigation which was least effective and significantly lower when compared to the curcumin and Chlorhexidine irrigation. Conclusion: Although less potent than the chlorhexidine gluconate irrigation, 1% curcumin irrigation was more effective than control group in inhibiting the growth of oral bacteria.
Keywords: Local drug delivery, curcumin. oral bacteria, antimicrobial irrigants
Research article:-
Adebola Onanuga* and Darlington D Eboh.
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology & Biotechnology ,¬¬Faculty of Pharmacy, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island , Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
Abstract:-Background: Substandard antimicrobial agents are serious public health problem with great consequences on patients and drug resistance. This study assessed the in-vitro effectiveness of commonly used brands of ciprofloxacin tablets and gentamicin injections in Nigeria. Methods: The antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of four clinical isolates (comprising of two strains each of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and one typed culture of E. coli (ATCC 25922) were determined against ten brands of ciprofloxacin tablets, seven brands of gentamicin injections and their standards using broth and agar dilution techniques. Results: The broth and agar dilution techniques gave the same minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results for each of the agents’ brands and their standards. The MICs of six (60%) brands of ciprofloxacin tablets and 5 (71.4%) brands of gentamicin injections were significantly higher than those of their standards (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that higher proportions of the brands of these agents are substandard which have serious clinical implications in the treatment of bacterial infections. Thus, the need for effective strategies by the regulatory agencies in order to stop the distribution of substandard antimicrobial agents in this country is desirable.
Key Words:- Prevalence, Effectiveness, Substandard, Drug resistance, Gentamicin injections, Ciprofloxacin tablets.
Short communication:-
Bhore Subhash J, PhD* & Tiong Oon King, BSc .
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Bedong-Semeling Road, Bedong, 08100, Kedah, Malaysia.
Abstract:-The surface decontaminated leaves of therapeutically important Strobilanthes crispa (L.) Bremek and Vernonia amygdalina Del. were used in growing their bacterial endophytes on Luria Bertani (LB) agar medium at 37°C. The endophytic bacterial isolates (EBIs) were identified using 16S rDNA based method of bacterial identification. The results suggest that Bacillus aquimaris, B. cereus, B. horikoshii, and B. pumilus exists as endophytes in V. amygdalina leaves; whereas EBIs from S. crispa were identified as B. cereus and B. subtilis. These research findings may be useful in the further research on S. crispa and V. amygdalina in relation to their endophytes and therapeutic compounds produced by them.
Key Words:- 16S rDNA, Bacterial endophytes, Endophytes, Medicinal plants, Traditional medicine.
Short Communication:-
*Bhore Subhash J, PhD1, Tan Yin Yin, MSc1, Komathi V, MSc student1 & Weber JFF, PhD2
1Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Bedong-Semeling Road, Bedong, 08100, Kedah, Malaysia.
2Research Institute of Natural Products for Drug Discovery (RiND) and Faculty of Pharmacy, MARA University of Technology (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Abstract:-Cytokinins are a group of plant growth regulators and known to delay senescence. The isolation, identification and screening of endophytes for cytokinins are needed to explore their applications in agriculture. The objective of this study was the isolation and identification of the endophytic bacterial isolates (EBIs) from the leaves of purple coraltree (Erythrina fusca Lour.) and screening of EBIs broth-extracts for cytokinin-like activity. We isolated eleven (11) EBIs from E. fusca leaves collected from the five different sites in Peninsular Malaysia. The PCR amplified 16S rRNA gene sequence based method of bacterial identification was used to identify EBIs. Using cucumber cotyledon greening bioassay (CCGB), the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts from EBIs-broth were screened for the presence of cytokinin. Consequently, the EBIs were identified as Bacillus cereus, B. licheniformis, B. megaterium, B. mycoides, B. pumilus, B. subtilis, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, and Bacillus anthracis. Six (6) out of 11 EBIs broth extracts showed positive results in CCGB. The EBIs that shows positive results in CCGB do have potential applications in prolonging the shelf-life of cut-flowers, leafy-vegetables and fruits.
Key Words:- 16S rDNA, Bacterial endophytes, Cytokinin, Erythrina fusca, Plant growth regulators.