DocumentsDate added
Review article:-
* Vidya Dodwad1, Bhavna Jha Kukreja2
1Professor and H.O.D and 2 Post-graduate student (3rd year), Department of Periodontics, I.T.S - Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh- 201206. India.
Abstract:- Biomimetic refers to human-made processes, substances, devices, or systems that imitate nature. The art and science of designing and building biomimetic apparatus is called biomimetics, and is of special interest to researchers in nanotechnology, robotics, artificial intelligence (AI), the medical industry, and the military. Some biomimetic processes have been in use for years. An example is the artificial synthesis of certain vitamins and antibiotics. More recently, biomimetics have been suggested as applicable in the design of machine vision systems, machine hearing systems, signal amplifiers, navigational systems, and data converters. The neural network (which has suffered through on-again, off-again status in the opinions of prominent researchers) is a hypothetical biomimetic computer that works by making associations and educated guesses, and that can learn from its own mistakes. Other possible applications of biomimetics include nanorobot antibodies that seek and destroy disease-causing bacteria, artificial organs, artificial arms, legs, hands, and feet, and various electronic devices. One of the more intriguing ideas is the so-called biochip , a microprocessor that grows from a starter crystal in much the same way that a seed grows into a tree or a fertilized egg grows into an embryo. Biomimetics in dentistry is an upcoming area of interest, research and development. In this article, we take a brief look into the world of biomimetics and their possible uses in dentistry, particularly in Periodontics.
Key Words:- Biology, Mimickery, Biomimetics, Dentistry
Original article:-
* Prasad Konda.1, Tarannum SA. 2
1 MDS, Reader,2 Post-Graduate Student, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Al Badar Rural Dental College and Hospital, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:- Finite element method (FEM) or Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is a contemporary research tool for an orthodontist. FEM is an engineering method of calculating stresses and strains in all materials including living tissues. In orthodontics biomechanics is commonly used in describing the reactions of dental and facial structures to orthodontic forces. The study of orthodontic biomechanics requires the understanding of nature of stress and strain induced by orthodontic forces .This article comprehensively reviews the literature on FEM, the methodology involved in it and its application in various specialties of dentistry.
Keywords:- Finite element analysis, Orthodontics.
Original research article:-
Tushar K Dhara1, RabindranathBera1, Ranjan Bhadra2# and Parimal C Sen1*
1Division of molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India.
2Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India.
Abstract:- Immuno-cross reactivity of both P70 and commercial arylsulphatase from abalone entrails when probed against rabbit anti-P70 shows sensitivity, the former with higher sensitivity. The expression of arylsulphatase activity associated with P70 is found to be increased in the cytosolic fraction of different organs of rat during streptozotocin induced diabetes. However, following 5-6 weeks of polyunsaturated fatty acid or PUFA (DHA and EPA enriched) treatment, the activity returns to almost normal level. In case of diabetic rat, mean body weight is found to be decreased compared to control animals. Body weight is found to be regained after several weeks of PUFA treatment. Western blot analysis of the cytosolic fraction of rat brain, liver and kidney shows strong intensity against anti-P70 antibody with higher intensity observed in diabetic rat organs which returns close to the normal level on PUFA treatment. Scanning electron microscopic study shows external morphological change of different organs during diabetes, which however recovers significantly nearing to normal shape on PUFA treatment. Histological studies of rat organs also reveal internal morphological changes during diabetes which also returns to almost normal condition on PUFA treatment.
Key Words:- Arylsulphatase , diabetes, polyunsaturated fatty acids (p70).
original research article:-
* Salah I. Kheder
Ph.D Pharmacology , National college of Medical & Techenical sciencies– Pharmacy program, Khartoum – Sudan, 3783 Khartoum.
Abstract: Background: Continuous surveillance of local antimicrobial susceptibility patterns is a must for combating antimicrobial resistance. WHONET5 software was recognized as analysis and surveillance tool for investigators. Objective: To analyze Ibn Sina hospital laboratory microbiological data by using WHONET5 software, and to acquire information about antimicrobial resistance of G +ve and G -ve strains among GIT and urology surgical wards. Method: The surveillance database from May 2008-May 2010 had been analyzed using WHONET5 software. We investigated the resistance for the hospital antimicrobial panel available. We evaluated the cross-resistance for the widely prescribed antibiotics pre & post-operatively (Ceftrixone, Co-amoxiclave, and Ciprofloxacin). Also the quarter time transition of resistance ratio and resistance profile had been carried for the hospital antibiotic panel used. Results: the data of 1681 samples were accumulated and analyzed. High resistance rates for antibiotic panel used in GIT and urology wards for G +ve and G -ve organisms were detected. The ratio of ceftrixone cross-resistance for G +ve organisms were 70.9% with amoxiclave and 70% for ciprofloxacin and for G –ve organisms were 78.3% &73.5% for amoxiclave and ciprofloxacin respectively. The rates of resistance was kept high and persistent over the quarter time periods and the phenotypes did not changed obviously for the sequential quarters. Conclusion: Resistant degree among hospital wards studied were very obvious and high. WHONET is an effective computerized microbiology laboratory data management and analysis program that can provide guidance for drug-policy decisions and preventive measures and can be used to investigate the impact of interventions.
Key Words: WHONET, Antimicrobial resistance, Surveillance, Sudanese hospitals.
Research article:-
N. Pavithra1, L. Sathish 2, K. Ananda*3
1,2 Research Scholar, Department of Biological Sciences, Poornaprajna Institute of Scientific Research, Devanahalli, Bangalore- 562110, Karnataka, India.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Biological Sciences, Poornaprajna Institute of Scientific Research, Devanahalli, Bangalore- 562110, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:- A study was carried out to isolate endophytic fungi from Ocimum species (Tulsi) and to assess their antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Salmonella typhimurium, Candida albicans and Penicillium chrysogenum and production of enzymes such as amylase, protease and tyrosinase. In this study forty endophytic fungi were isolated from leaves and branches of Tulsi. Out of forty endophytic fungal isolates, six isolates showed the inhibition activity against test microorganisms done by dual culture method. The isolate P14T1 exhibited a high antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans (22mm). The crude extract of P13T5 isolate showed highest zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeroginosa (21mm) by well and disc diffusion method. 50% of fungal isolates found positive for amylase and protease enzymes production and 27.5% showed positive for tyrosinase. The results of the study suggest that endophytic fungi associated with Tulsi are potential agents for antimicrobial activity and production of enzyme.
Key Words:- antimicrobial activity, enzymes, endophytic fungi, Tulsi.