DocumentsDate added
Original research article:-
Makwava Prakash V 1, Odedara Ram V 2, *Shah Harsh D 3
1MD Medicine, associate professor, Head of the unit,Department of medicine, 2MD Medicine, 3 Resident, MD , Department of community medicine , Guru Govind Singh Hospital, MP Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat , India.
Abstract:- The wide spread use of organophosphorus compounds has increased incidence of its poisoning to the human kind by accidental or suicidal. Organophosphate (OP) insecticides inhibit both acetyl cholinesterase and pseudocholinesterase activities. This study helps to focus to make management protocols during morbidity at the time of presentation of poisoning. Method: A cross sectional descriptive study was done on fifty patients, by simple random sampling technique who came to emergency ward of Hospital, Jamnagar. After setting inclusion and exclusion criteria, Pre tested profoma was filled up. Analysis was done with primary information, clinical admission POP score, pseudo cholinesterase, hospital stay, atropinization requirements, need of ventilator support and mortality. Intravenous atropine and pralidoxime was administered as soon as possible. The diagnosis was performed from the history taken from the patient or the patient’s relatives after taking consent. Results: Amongst fifty patients, 78% were male and 22% were females. Mean age of the studied patients was 28 ± 10 years. In the study, inhalational poisoning (54%) had common occurrences than ingestion poisoning (46%) but mortality (6%) was found higher with ingestion. The compound that was exposed most commonly is monochrotophos (60%). Association of POP score came significant at p < 0.05 with above mentions factors. Conclusion: OP insecticide poisoning is a serious condition that requires rapid diagnosis and treatment. The patients with evidence of moderate and severe degrees of poisoning need close monitoring, as respiratory failure is the prime cause. Early management protocol will help to reduce mortality of poisoning.
Keywords:-Organophosphorus, poisoning.
Original article:-
*Rudrama Devi K, Kusumlatha C, Dilip Reddy K, J. Karuna Kumari and Minny Jael.
Human Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Osmania University, Hyderabad-7, India.
Abstract:- Background: A number of antineoplatic drugs are used to combat with different types of cancer, and had been shown to cytotoxic. Adriamycin is one of most commonly used in malignant lymphomas. The antioxidants such as VitC inhibits the toxicity of mutagens/carcinogens in animals and Humans. Aim: The protective effects of ascorbic acid in adriamycin induced toxicity in swiss male mice was evaluated using sperm morphology assay. Material and Methods: Two experiments were conducted in germ cells of Swiss male mice. The cauda epidymis was collected from control and exposed group of animals after five weeks of treatment schedule and screened for presence of various types of sperm head abnormalities such as amorphous, banana hammer head etc., Results: The animals treated with 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg of ascorbic acid showed as non mutagenic where as the adriamycin induced significant increase in the percentage sperm head abnormalities but when primed with AA there is decrease in the percentages of abnormal sperms. Conclusion: VitC protects the adriamycin induced genotoxicity in germ cells of mice. Hence VitC supplementation is safer in chemotherapeutic strategy.
Keywords:- Ascorbic acid, genotoxicity, adriamycin, sperm morphology.
Research article:-
Rathod Nitin R1, Ghodasara Malay K 2, *Shah Harsh D 3
1MD, Associate professor, Department of internal medicine, 2Resident, MD , 3 Resident, MD , Department of community medicine , Guru Govind Singh Hospital, MP Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat , India.
Abstract:- Aim and Objective: To assess the prevalence of systolic and diastolic dysfunction in patients of chronic kidney failure on conservative management. Methods: fifty patients with varying degree of chronic renal failure (CKD) were subjected to two-dimensional M mode echocardiography for determination of systolic and diastolic dysfunction. These included patients with mild to moderate CKD (n =27) and advanced CKD (n = 23). Fifty healthy controls were matched for age and sex. The left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) were taken as measures of LV systolic function. Diastolic function was determined by measuring E/A ratio by spectral doppler LV inflow velocity. Results: The mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with mild/moderate CKD (56.18 ± 7.36%) and severe CKD (51.17 ± 10%) was significantly lower than the controls (62 ± 5.32%). The mean FS in the three groups was similar, 29.6% patients with mild/moderate CKD and 21.7% patients with severe CKD had FS ≤ 25%. In mild/moderate CKD 51.85% patients and in severe CKD group 82.6% patients had evidence of diastolic dysfunction. The prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) along with systolic dysfunction in severe CKD group was 30.4%, which was significantly higher than mild/moderate CKD group (3.7%). The prevalence of LVH along with diastolic dysfunction in severe CKD group was 56.52%, which was significantly higher than mild/moderate CKD group (11.1%). Conclusion: Patients with chronic kidney disease have higher prevalence of diastolic and systolic dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction appears to occur earlier than systolic dysfunction.
Keywords:-Chronic kidney disease, Cardiac dysfunction, Echocardiography
Review article:-
*Peter I Aziba,
*Ph.D. Department of Pharmacology, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago iwoye, NIGERIA.
Abstract:- This article intends to remind pharmacologists especially Researchers in developing countries on emphasis in pharmacological Research using intact animals and isolated tissues as a vital approach to drug development and inventions and call attention to IUPHAR initiatives to restore training in these principles and techniques in integrative organ systems pharmacology.
Keywords:-Bio-Assay, methods, drug, development, pharmacology.
Original research article:-
*Shilpa.K.Gokale1, S. C. Metgud2.
1Asst. Prof, Dept of Microbiology, SN Medical College, Bagalkot.587102, India.
2Professor, Dept of Microbiology, JNMC, Belgaum, India.
Abstract:- Introduction: -Nonfermenters are being isolated from various clinical specimens. Although frequently considered as contaminants, the pathogenic potential has been proved beyond doubt by their frequent isolation from clinical material and their association with disease. They exhibit resistance not only to the beta lactam and other group of antibiotics but also to carbapenems. Objectives: To characterize the nonfermenters isolated from various clinical samples. To assess their clinical significance. To know their anti microbial sensitivity pattern. Materials and methods: The present study was conducted for a period of one year from Jan 2007 – Dec 2007 at J.N Medical College, Belgaum. The nonfermenters were identified using a standard protocol, which included tests for motility, oxidase production, oxidation-fermentation (OF) test for various sugars, DNAse test and ONPG test. The clinical significance was assessed using various criteria and the susceptibility testing was done by Kirby bauer disc diffusion method. Results: From a total of 130 NFGNB, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the commonest nonfermenter accounting for 82.3% followed by Acinetobacter baumanii (15.4%). Other significant NFGNB isolated were: Acinetobacter lwofii (0.76%), Burkholderia pseudomallei (0.76%) and Moraxella species (0.76%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed good sensitivity to meropenem (96.2%), ciprofloxacin (50%) and amikacin (49.5%). Acinetobacter baumanii showed 96.2% sensitivity to meropenem and 45% sensitivity to ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: P aeruginosa and A baumanii were the common NFGNB isolated in our study. They were associated with various health care related infections like urinary tract infection, blood stream infections, surgical site infections and ventilator associated pneumonia. P aeruginosa showed good sensitivity to meropenem, ciprofloxacin and amikacin. A.baumanii showed good sensitivity to meropenem and ciprofloxacin. The susceptibility pattern of NFGNB varied depending upon the species. Therefore it is essential to identify the nonfermenters to know their trends in sensitivity.
Keywords:-Nonfermenters, P. aeruginosa, A. baumanii, Meropenem, Ciprofloxacin.