DocumentsDate added
Original article:-
Madhav Raje1, Sangeeta Mule2.
1 MD (FMT), DFM (Family Medicine), DPM (Psychological Medicine), BA (Psychology),MA (Philosophy),DPC (Counseling), Consultant Psychiatrist& Psychotherapist, Nagpur,India.
2 Sangeeta Mule, BA (Psychology), MSW. Psychosocial Worker, Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Hingana, Nagpur,India.
Abstract:- Introduction: In view of rising suicidal tendencies/attempts (1) study was designed to assess causal relationship of Psychosocial factors in suicidal ideation (2). It is assumed that unless psychosocial factors are treated suicide cannot be totally prevented. Method: All patients of SI were interviewed in detail in Psychiatry OPD of LMH Nagpur. Variable, psychosocial factors were (i) Alcohol abuse (ii) Financial Problems (iii) Domestic Violence (iv) Divorce or marital Separation, against which SI were measured. Data was collected through semi-structured psychiatric & psychosocial assessment. Brief psychotherapy was offered to female careers. Results: Out of 75 patients 49% disclosed psychosocial stressors. 20% patients’ revealed h/o Alcohol abuse & 14% patients disclosed financial problems. Variable, Alcohol Abuse composed of female patients who were victimized by their alcoholic husbands/family members. Domestic violence & Divorce implicated 5.33% patients each while 4% suffered from bereavement. Faulty-cognition of female careers was observed changing. Discussion: Alcohol abuse was found to trigger various psychosocial factors directly or indirectly. This study revealed 50% of Alcohol abuse cases belong to female careers. Brief psychotherapy given by clinician was found beneficial. Correction & building of cognition of female career was seen to attribute reduction in SI. Conclusion: Psychosocial factors were implicated for SI among 49% patients. Alcohol was the major risk factor to cause SI directly or indirectly. Impact of attribution of psychosocial factors on SI was almost similar to that of disease process. Biological impact of psychosocial factors especially on female careers was observed.
Keywords:- Suicidal Ideation, Attribution, Faulty Cognition, Psychosocial factors, Female career.
Original research article:-
*Ekram M. Hassan1, M.S. Mahrous2, Ruba N. Shdeed2
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry and Quality Control.
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Beirut Arab University, Beirut,Lebanon.
Abstract:- Stability indicating, rapid and reliable derivative, absorption difference and derivative difference spectrophotometric methods were developed for the determination of ofloxacin and ceftriaxone in presence of their degradation products. The linear calibration graphs for ofloxacin were obtained from D1 at 281 nm for the acid solutions, D2 at 288.5 nm for the alkaline solutions, ΔA at 298.6 nm, ΔD1 at 292-304.2 nm, and ΔD2 at 298 nm, while those for its corresponding degradation product were obtained from D2 at 281.5 nm of the acid solutions, and D1 and D2 at 288.5 nm and 297 nm, respectively, for the alkaline solutions. On the other side, ceftriaxone was quantified using D2 amplitudes of the solutions in water at 241.3 nm, D1 at 268.3 nm and 238.5 nm, D2 at 257 nm and 283.4 nm, and D3 at 269.7 nm and 298.3 nm, for the acid solutions, while its corresponding degradation product was determined by measuring the D1 and D2 of the solutions in water at 241 nm and 249.8 nm, respectively, D1 and D3 of the acid solutions at 263 nm for both, D1 at 242.2 nm and 270.3 nm, and D2 at 248.7 nm of the alkaline solutions. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the determination of ofloxacin and ceftriaxone in synthetic mixtures with the corresponding degradation products. The results obtained indicated the high accuracy, calculated as mean percentage recovery, RSD% and Er% and precision; evaluated in terms of inter-day and intra-day precision. In addition, ofloxacin capsules and ceftriaxone ampoules were assayed using the proposed methods and the results obtained were compared with reference spectrophotometric methods.
Keywords: Ofloxacin, ceftriaxone, derivative, absorption difference, derivative.
Original article:-
*Onyesom. I1, Osioma. E1, Ighodayenowho. O.K.2
1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.
2Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Nigeria.
Abstract:- Cigarette smoke is reported to contain free radicals. These free radicals interact with the body defense system and associated health risk among Nigerian smokers have remained scarcely investigated despite the high numbers of smokers in our society. This study thus, investigates the serum total antioxidant capacity of some Nigerian cigarette smokers in apparent good health and who have smoked between 1-4 sticks of cigarette/day for about 1-3 years. Twenty(20) consenting smokers between 19 and 45 years consisting of fifteen (15) males and 5 females were recruited after examination to certify their apparent good health. Twenty (20) non-smokers, matched in age and sex were included as control subjects. Serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was higher in male non-smokers (1.92±0.22mM) when compared with their female counterparts (1.88±0.16mM). Among smokers, the males subjects showed a decreased TAC (Male: 1.45±0.23mM and female; 1.65±0.16mM) with a strong statistical difference between the TAC of smokers and non-smokers (t=2.095, n=20 and P≤0.05). Data suggest lower oxidant defense and hence, increased susceptibility to free radical associated diseases especially among the male smokers. Concerted efforts should be made by governmental agents to enforce legislation that could reduce the rate of smoking. Campaigns should also be initiated to educate the lay public on the dangers of cigarette smoking.
Keywords:- Cigarette, Free radicals, Anti-oxidant, Smokers, Cancer.
Research article:-
* Shopana Mohanarji1,2, Sudhahar Dharmalingam1,2, Anandarajagopal Kalusalingam1,2
1School of Pharmacy and Applied Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria 3552, Australia. 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Masterskill University College of Health Sciences, Batu 9, Cheras 43200, Selangor, Malaysia.
Abstract:- Over the decades, natural source has become an important essence to discover new antimicrobial compounds to control the dramatic increase of infectious disease. In this present study, petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol, and water extracts of Lignosus rhinocerus sclerotium were obtained. All the extracts were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against gram positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Bacillus cereus, Stapyhlococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Strepococcus viridans, Micrococcus luteus, gram negative bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Entorobacter aerogenes, Vibro cholera, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Proteus hauseri and fungi such as Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei and Mucor racemosus by disc diffusion method. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of these extracts were assessed by measuring diameter of zone of inhibition and the results were compared with standard antibiotics, Amoxicillin (10µg/disc) and Fluconazole (30µg/disc) respectively. From these findings, the extracts of Lignosus rhinocerus indicated that plant possess significant antimicrobial activity against tested microbes, which could be a potential source to modern medicine to treat microbial infections.
Keywords:- Lignosus rhinocerus, Mushroom, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Disc diffusion.
Research article:-
Ms. K. Amrutha veena*, M Phil and Dr. S. Kowsalya, PhD
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Avinashilingam University for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore - 641 043. India.
Abstract:- Background: There is a paucity of data regarding the micronutrient status of adolescents in Ramanathapuram district of Tamil Nadu. Aim: To evaluate the nutritional status and prevalence of micronutrient deficiency among adolescents in Ramanathapuram district of Tamilnadu. Design: Community based cross-sectional study. SETTING: Seven taluks of Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu. Materials and methods: A total of 2800 infants (less than one year of age) comprising of 1400 male and 1400 female infants from all the seven taluks of Ramanathapuram district were selected at random. Anthropometric parameters such as weight, height, head circumference, arm circumference and chest circumference were measured using standardized procedures. They were clinically examined for the manifestation of deficiency signs of various micronutrientsBiochemical estimation of serum haemoglobin, vitamin A and urinary iodine were done for 5% of the adolescents. Results: Majority of the subjects belonged to lower socio-economic status and very few belonged to the high income group. Morbidities such as fever, diarrhoea and cough/cold were common among the adolescents. Clinical signs and symptoms of micronutrients deficiency were also prevalent. Mean haemoglobin levels were below normal indicating sub-clinical signs of deficiency. Conclusion: Micronutrients deficiency is still evident among the study population and intervention strategies are the need of the hour.
Keywords:-Adolescents, deficiency, Iodine ,Iron, micronutrient, vitamin A.