DocumentsDate added
Original article:-
*Onyesom. I1, Osioma. E1, Ighodayenowho. O.K.2
1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.
2Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Nigeria.
Abstract:- Cigarette smoke is reported to contain free radicals. These free radicals interact with the body defense system and associated health risk among Nigerian smokers have remained scarcely investigated despite the high numbers of smokers in our society. This study thus, investigates the serum total antioxidant capacity of some Nigerian cigarette smokers in apparent good health and who have smoked between 1-4 sticks of cigarette/day for about 1-3 years. Twenty(20) consenting smokers between 19 and 45 years consisting of fifteen (15) males and 5 females were recruited after examination to certify their apparent good health. Twenty (20) non-smokers, matched in age and sex were included as control subjects. Serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was higher in male non-smokers (1.92±0.22mM) when compared with their female counterparts (1.88±0.16mM). Among smokers, the males subjects showed a decreased TAC (Male: 1.45±0.23mM and female; 1.65±0.16mM) with a strong statistical difference between the TAC of smokers and non-smokers (t=2.095, n=20 and P≤0.05). Data suggest lower oxidant defense and hence, increased susceptibility to free radical associated diseases especially among the male smokers. Concerted efforts should be made by governmental agents to enforce legislation that could reduce the rate of smoking. Campaigns should also be initiated to educate the lay public on the dangers of cigarette smoking.
Keywords:- Cigarette, Free radicals, Anti-oxidant, Smokers, Cancer.
Short communication:-
*Razieh Hassankhani.
*Law Department ,Bu Ali Sina University ,Hamedan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Abstract:- Genetic science is one of the branches of biology. By way of existing contacts and discussion in this field, we may discover similarity and dissimilarity of two living beings. In many parts of the world, the level of life expectancy has increased, while mortality rate has declined, which is mostly resulted from increased scientific knowledge and advanced equipment in human life that is in turn owed greatly to science of genetic engineering. Freedom in the domain of Genetic is mentioned in article 2 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights:"Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status." but this matter should be considered from the view point of the children themselves, which under the convention of children rights, the children must have desired personality growth and this processes begin from the early stages of life.
Keywords:- Gen, Genetics, convention of children rights.