DocumentsDate added
Original research article:-
*Ekram M. Hassan1, M.S. Mahrous2, Ruba N. Shdeed2
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry and Quality Control.
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Beirut Arab University, Beirut,Lebanon.
Abstract:- Stability indicating, rapid and reliable derivative, absorption difference and derivative difference spectrophotometric methods were developed for the determination of ofloxacin and ceftriaxone in presence of their degradation products. The linear calibration graphs for ofloxacin were obtained from D1 at 281 nm for the acid solutions, D2 at 288.5 nm for the alkaline solutions, ΔA at 298.6 nm, ΔD1 at 292-304.2 nm, and ΔD2 at 298 nm, while those for its corresponding degradation product were obtained from D2 at 281.5 nm of the acid solutions, and D1 and D2 at 288.5 nm and 297 nm, respectively, for the alkaline solutions. On the other side, ceftriaxone was quantified using D2 amplitudes of the solutions in water at 241.3 nm, D1 at 268.3 nm and 238.5 nm, D2 at 257 nm and 283.4 nm, and D3 at 269.7 nm and 298.3 nm, for the acid solutions, while its corresponding degradation product was determined by measuring the D1 and D2 of the solutions in water at 241 nm and 249.8 nm, respectively, D1 and D3 of the acid solutions at 263 nm for both, D1 at 242.2 nm and 270.3 nm, and D2 at 248.7 nm of the alkaline solutions. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the determination of ofloxacin and ceftriaxone in synthetic mixtures with the corresponding degradation products. The results obtained indicated the high accuracy, calculated as mean percentage recovery, RSD% and Er% and precision; evaluated in terms of inter-day and intra-day precision. In addition, ofloxacin capsules and ceftriaxone ampoules were assayed using the proposed methods and the results obtained were compared with reference spectrophotometric methods.
Keywords: Ofloxacin, ceftriaxone, derivative, absorption difference, derivative.
Original article:-
Madhav Raje1, Sangeeta Mule2.
1 MD (FMT), DFM (Family Medicine), DPM (Psychological Medicine), BA (Psychology),MA (Philosophy),DPC (Counseling), Consultant Psychiatrist& Psychotherapist, Nagpur,India.
2 Sangeeta Mule, BA (Psychology), MSW. Psychosocial Worker, Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Hingana, Nagpur,India.
Abstract:- Introduction: In view of rising suicidal tendencies/attempts (1) study was designed to assess causal relationship of Psychosocial factors in suicidal ideation (2). It is assumed that unless psychosocial factors are treated suicide cannot be totally prevented. Method: All patients of SI were interviewed in detail in Psychiatry OPD of LMH Nagpur. Variable, psychosocial factors were (i) Alcohol abuse (ii) Financial Problems (iii) Domestic Violence (iv) Divorce or marital Separation, against which SI were measured. Data was collected through semi-structured psychiatric & psychosocial assessment. Brief psychotherapy was offered to female careers. Results: Out of 75 patients 49% disclosed psychosocial stressors. 20% patients’ revealed h/o Alcohol abuse & 14% patients disclosed financial problems. Variable, Alcohol Abuse composed of female patients who were victimized by their alcoholic husbands/family members. Domestic violence & Divorce implicated 5.33% patients each while 4% suffered from bereavement. Faulty-cognition of female careers was observed changing. Discussion: Alcohol abuse was found to trigger various psychosocial factors directly or indirectly. This study revealed 50% of Alcohol abuse cases belong to female careers. Brief psychotherapy given by clinician was found beneficial. Correction & building of cognition of female career was seen to attribute reduction in SI. Conclusion: Psychosocial factors were implicated for SI among 49% patients. Alcohol was the major risk factor to cause SI directly or indirectly. Impact of attribution of psychosocial factors on SI was almost similar to that of disease process. Biological impact of psychosocial factors especially on female careers was observed.
Keywords:- Suicidal Ideation, Attribution, Faulty Cognition, Psychosocial factors, Female career.