DocumentsDate added
Research article:-
Dr. Bakr Manal M. 1* PhD, Atalla Hanan2 R. PhD
Nursing Administration Department1, Adult Health Nursing Department2 College of Nursing,Menoufiya University, Egypt.
Abstract:- Background:- Medication error is defined as any type of error in the prescription, transcription, dispensing and administration process which could bring about serious consequences or not. The aim of the study is to examine the medication errors, causes, and reporting behaviors as perceived by nurses. Settings and design: Quantitative cross- sectional descriptive design was used at three hospitals: University Hospital, Teaching Hospital and National Liver Institute in their ICUs and wards. Material and methods: A survey method was used to collect data using the Modified Gladstone’s Scale of Medication Errors. A convenient sample of the 186 nurses was obtained from three types of hospitals115 from ICUs and 71 from words recruited from three hospitals. Statistical analysis: Data entry and analysis were done by using statistical package for the social sciences, SPSS Version (11.0) and presented using frequencies, number and percentage, mean and standard deviation and chi square. Results: No differences were found across hospitals in regard to number of errors committing over their career in wards and ICUs at three hospitals. In general, nurses were usually sure what constitutes a medication error; however, ICUs nurses were slightly higher than ward nurses in this aspect. In all hospitals, underreporting was evident and both group of nurses were not sure when a medication error should be reported using an incident report. Around half of both groups(76.5%,67.6%) perceived that, some medication errors are not reported because nurses afraid of the reaction they will receive from the nurse manager and the majority of them would notify the physician than to complete an incident report, no difference between nurses in wards and those in ICUs in term of most common causes of medication errors. Conclusion: low rates of medication errors should encourage formation process of health care systems. Recognizing medication errors is the first step to reduce, report, and even eliminate them, especially in acute care settings. Findings pinpoint that nurses have to have staff development about various issues related to medication errors, particularly defining and reporting these errors.
Keywords:-Medication errors, Causes, and Reporting Behaviors.
Research article:-
*R P Mishra1, Sarita Yadav2 and Anjali3 1R&D Division,MRD LifeSciences, Lucknow, India.
2M. G. Institute of Applied Sciences, Jaipur, India.
3Lachoo Memorial College of Science and Technology, Jodhpur, India.
Abstract:- The Methanolic extract of Citrus limetta screened against various bacterial and fungal pathogens and showed significant antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and zero or no antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Trychophyton rubrum, Microsporum and Aspergillus niger. It is seen that methanol column has maximum antibacterial activity in E. coli JH-2 (17mm) among all solvents and minimum in S. aureus (12mm) in case of peel and juice whereas in pomace methanol suspension maximum (14mm) and no antimicrobial activity seen some extracts and in seeds cold water extract had shown partial inhibition. Among all extracts Citrus limetta juice cold water has lowest MIC i.e.22.85 mg/ml in S. aureus and maximum in pomace column extract 42.42 mg/ml in E. coli but no MIC seen in seeds.
Keywords:- Antimicrobial activity, Disc diffusion method, Phytochemicals, MIC, Citrus peel, juice, pomace and seed extract.
Research article:-
*Bhosale Suryakant D.1, Dr. (Mrs.) Rajput Sadhana J.2
1Research Scolar, Quality Assurance Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda. Vadodara-390 001, Gujarat, India.
2Professor, Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda.Vadodara-390 001, Gujarat, India.
Abstract:- RP-HPLC Method For Simultaneous Estimation of Escitalopram Oxalate And Etizolam In A Tablet Formulation. An isocratic reversed phase HPLC method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of escitalopram oxalate and etizolam on a HiQ-silC18HS (250 x 4.6 mm) column using a mobile phase consisting of methanol:phosphate buffer pH-5 (70:30,v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and the detection was carried out at 254 nm. Retention times of escitalopram oxalate and etizolam were found to be 4.85 (± 0.31) min and 7.65 (± 0.56) min respectively. The method was validated with respect to specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, ruggedness and robustness. This method is simple, precise, and sensitive and is applicable for simultaneous quantification of escitalopram oxalate and etizolam in a tablet formulation.
Keywords:- Isocratic, reverse phase, validation.
Research article:-
* Pallavi .V. Tenglikar1 , G. Ajay Kumar2, R. Kapate3, Shrinivas Reddy4 , Vijayanath.V5.
*1Asst Professor, Dept of Community Medicine khajabandanawaz institute of medical sciences Gulbarga,Karnataka,India.
2 Professor,3 Professor & HOD,4 Biostatistician ,Dept of community medicine, M.R. Medical College, Gulbarga,Karnataka,India.
5 Associate Professor, 5Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, VMKV Medical College & Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract:- Background: Health care waste is a special category of waste which needs special precautions while handling.
Objectives: To assess knowledge, attitude and practice regarding healthcare waste management among various levels of staff of nursing homes of Gulbarga city. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among maternity /nursing homes in Gulbarga city from December 2008 to November 2009. A total of 44 nursing homes were covered under the study within the limits of Gulbarga Municipal Corporation. The data was collected using pre tested Performa and was analyzed using percentages and Z-test. Results: With respect to knowledge, attitude and the use of personal protective measures the average score is highest in doctors followed by nursing staff and least in housing staff. Whereas when the practical information regarding the Health Care Waste management is assessed, the average score is maximum in housing staff followed by nursing staff and least in doctors. Conclusion: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice between the various levels of staff members was found to be statistically significant.
Keywords:- Health care waste; KAP.
Research article:-
*1Obi HI, 1Ilodigwe EE, 1Ajaghaku DE, 2Okonta JM.
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Agulu campus, Anambra state, Nigeria.
2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Agulu Campus, Anambra state, Nigeria.
Abstract:- The antidiabetic efficacy of combined aqueous extract of Gongronema latifolium and Allium cepa a popular polyherbal therapy in treatment of diabetes mellitus in South Eastern Nigeria was assessed. Alloxan induced diabetic rats were used for the study. Surviving diabetic rats were divided into treatment and control groups. Treatment groups received the combined extracts (1:1, 1:2 and 2:1) orally at three different doses (100, 200 and 400mg/kg). Control groups received Glibenclamide (5mg/kg, oral) and normal saline. After oral administration of the combined extracts/drug, invivo measurement of blood glucose was taken hourly for 6 hours. Thereafter, oral administration was continued for 28days and blood glucose measurement was taken every 7 days. Single dose treatment and 28days treatment caused blood glucose reduction over the intervals monitored with different doses and ratios of the combined extracts. Increasing dosages of 1:1 and 2:1 of combined aqueous extracts produced a dose-dependent significant (p < 0.05) reductions in the blood glucose levels. These effects were comparable with antidiabetic effect of glibenclamide. This study showed that the combination of Gongronema latifolium and Allium cepa as a polyherbal antidiabetic remedy expressed good actions in reducing blood glucose when combined in the ratio of 1:1 or 2:1 than 1:2. b.
Keywords:- Polyherbal therapy, diabetes mellitus, alloxan, Gongronema latifolium, Allium cepa, blood glucose, positive synergy, hypoglycemic effect.