DocumentsDate added
Research article:-
*Roya Hassankhani1, Razieh Hassankhani2
1Agricultural Mechanization, Tabriz University, Islamic Republic of Iran.
2Private law, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Abstract:- The agricultural industry is a dangerous one. It is characterized by a combination of factors which increase the potential for injury. Working alone and time pressure also increase the risk of injury. When these injuries occur, especially at critical farming times, they can reduce farm revenues. Losing a limb and the resulting loss of productive work time can devastate both the short and the long-term profitability of a farm operation. If in performing the farm works the workers miscarried the civil liability of employer is discussed. In this article the civil liability of employer relate to harming act and cause and delinquency is discussed.
Keywords:- Agricultural machinery, Employee, Employer, Wounded worker
Clinical case study:-Dental Sciences
* Bhatia Archana 1 , Bains Sandeep Kumar2, Battu Virinder Singh 3
*1 Senior lecturer, Department of Periodontology and Oral implantology Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences, Faridkot(Punjab),India.
2 M.D.S(Senior lecturer) Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Swami Devi Dayal Dental College, Barwala, Haryana, India.
3 Retired Professor, Department of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, National Dental College & Hospital, Gulabgarh, Derabassi, Distt. SAS nagar, Mohali (Punjab),India.
Abstract:-Background: Controlled local delivery of disinfecting agents has been demonstrated to be efficient in improving the outcome of periodontal therapy. Aims: The aim of present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a controlled-release biodegradable chlorhexidine chip (Periocol CG) when used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontitis. Study Design: Study was carried out as randomized controlled two group parallel clinical trial. Material and method: Forty patients in the age group of 30-65 years suffering from chronic periodontitis, having pocket depth ranging between 5-8mm were selected for the study. At screening visit complete history taking, periodontal examination and full mouth supragingival scaling was done for each patient. At baseline visit, all clinical parameters were recorded at selected sites and patients were randomly assigned to either control group (group A) or the treatment group (group B). All patients in the both groups received complete subgingival scaling and root planing. Then in group B, chlorhexidine chip (Periocol CG) was inserted at the selected site. Patients were recalled at 1month, 2 months and 3 months from the baseline for recording clinical observations. Results: There was statistically significant clinical attachment gain, reduction in bleeding index scores and probing pocket depth reduction in both the groups but group B showed better results than group A and these differences were statistically significant. Conclusions: The results of this study show that chlorhexidine chip (PerioCol-CG) is an effective adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.
Keywords:- Antimicrobial agents, chlorhexidine chip (Periocol-CG), local drug delivery systems, periodontitis.
Original research article:-Biochemistry
*Siva Prabodh V1 , Padma Vijaya Sree A2 , Sarma DVHS2 , Siva Reddy M2
1 Dept. of Biochemistry, NRI Medical College and General Hospital, Chinakakani, A.P, India
2 Dept. of Biochemistry, Kurnool Medical College and General Hospital, Kurnool, A.P, India .
Abstract:- Objective: To determine whether serum (pseudo)cholinesterase levels has any diagnostic and prognostic value in acute organophosphorus poisoning. Design: cohort (prospective) study Patients: 40 consecutive patients admitted to ICU for acute organophosphate poisoning. Measurements: Serial measurement of Serum Cholinesterase levels in all patients – 4 times, at the time of admission before administration of PAM(Pyridine aldoxime methiodine), 24hrs after administration of PAM, 48hrs after administration of PAM, 72hrs after administration of PAM. Results: serum cholinesterase levels were significantly decreased in acute organophosphorus poisoning cases when compared to controls and also there is regeneration of serum cholinesterase levels after administration of PAM by 22 %, 45% and 73% after 24hrs, 48hrs and 72 hrs. Conclusion: serum cholinesterase levels have diagnostic value as their levels are significantly decreased in organophosphorus poisoning cases and also prognostic value as there is regeneration of serum cholinesterase levels after administration of PAM.
Key words: -Serum cholinesterase, organo phosphorus poisoning, Pralidoxime, PAM.
Research article:- Biochemistry
Oseni Lateef A.* and Yussif Issah.
Department of Applied chemistry & Biochemistry, University For Development Studies, P.O. Box 24, Navrongo, Ghana.
Abstract:- The increased incidence of bacteria resistance to many antibacterial drugs is of great concern and medicinal plants have proven as an alternative source of antibacterial agents. Taraxacum officinale is a stemless herb used as food vegetable and medicine. The plant is found chiefly as a persistent weed in many temperate regions. Previous reports show that the leaves of T. officinale contain bioactive components. In the current research, the ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of T. officinale were screened for phytochemicals and in vitro antibacterial activity. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoneae, Pseudomonas auregenosa and Staphylococcus aureus were used as test organisms. Data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U-test and P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Preliminary phytochemical screening of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extract of T. officinale revealed the presence of saponins, phenolics, triterpenes tannins, phytosteroids and reducing sugar some of which have been reported to be bioactive. The bacterial growth inhibition activity of the extracts was evaluated using agar well diffusion method at concentrations ranging from 50mg/ml to 200mg/ml. At concentration 200mg/ml, the ethanolic leaf extract showed inhibition against only E. coli and S. aureus with mean diameter of zone of inhibition of 23.50±1.00 mm and 10.75±1.50 mm respectively. At concentration 100mg/ml, the mean diameter zone of inhibition for the ethanolic extract were 16.00±2.83 mm and 9.00±0.82 mm against E. coli and S. aureus respectively. At concentration 50mg/ml, the ethanolic leaf extract showed inhibition against only E. coli with mean diameter of the zone of inhibition of 10.50±1.00 mm. The aqueous extract on the other hand showed inhibition against E. coli only at 200mg/ml and 100mg/ml. The result reveals that antibacterial activities of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extract of T. officinale were concentration dependent. The result further suggests that the ethanolic extract of T. officinale was the most active compared with the aqueous extract. Of the bacteria tested, E. coli was the most susceptible to the extracts. In conclusion, both aqueous and ethanolic extract of T. officinale possess significant (P < 0.05) antibacterial activity and may be very useful in the discovery of novel antibacterial agents.
Keywords:- Antibacterial assay, Taraxacum officinale, agar well diffusion, Phytocompounds
Research article:-Medical microbiology
*Laghawe Avinash R1, MS. Jaitly Neelam K2, Thombare Vilas R3.
*1M.D. (Microbiology), Asst. Professor, Dept. of microbiology,Sri Aurobindo medical college and P. G. Institute, Indore, M.P., India.
2M.D. (Microbiology), Professor, 3 Professor and HOD, Dept. of Microbiology, N.K.P. Salve Institute of medical sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract:- Purpose: The purpose of this study was to detect the prevalence of AmpC Beta-lactamases in Gram-negative bacilli. Methods: Screening for AmpC was done by using various third generation cephalosporins (3GC) and cefoxitin. Organisms resistant to cefoxitin and reduced susceptibility to 3GCs were tested for presence of AmpC by AmpC disc test. Results: Total 432 isolates were isolated from 414 samples. Out of 432 isolates, 69(15.97%) were (48 pure and 21 mixed) AmpC β-lactamases and 21(4.86%) isolates were positive for both ESBL and AmpC. Out of 48 pure AmpC producers, 47.91% (23/48) were Inducible AmpC β-lactamases. Out of 48 pure AmpC producers, 42(87.5%) were from indoor patients and 6(12.5%) were from outdoor patients. Of the mixed beta lactamases (ESBL + AmpC), all (21) were from indoor patients. Conclusion: Regular monitoring of the incidence of the AmpC Beta-lactamase production by organisms is necessary. As the Beta-lactamase producing organisms are also present in outdoor patients, they also should be screened for Beta-lactamases. As high-level expression of AmpC Beta-lactamases may mask recognition of ESBL, detection of AmpC Beta-lactamase should be done along with ESBL detection. Inducible AmpC Beta-lactamases can lead to transmission of drug resistance to other bacteria through plasmids.
Keywords:- AmpC, Cefoxitin, Third generation cephalosporins(3GC), Beta lactamases.