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Clinical case study:-Dental Sciences
* Bhatia Archana 1 , Bains Sandeep Kumar2, Battu Virinder Singh 3
*1 Senior lecturer, Department of Periodontology and Oral implantology Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences, Faridkot(Punjab),India.
2 M.D.S(Senior lecturer) Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Swami Devi Dayal Dental College, Barwala, Haryana, India.
3 Retired Professor, Department of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, National Dental College & Hospital, Gulabgarh, Derabassi, Distt. SAS nagar, Mohali (Punjab),India.
Abstract:-Background: Controlled local delivery of disinfecting agents has been demonstrated to be efficient in improving the outcome of periodontal therapy. Aims: The aim of present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a controlled-release biodegradable chlorhexidine chip (Periocol CG) when used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontitis. Study Design: Study was carried out as randomized controlled two group parallel clinical trial. Material and method: Forty patients in the age group of 30-65 years suffering from chronic periodontitis, having pocket depth ranging between 5-8mm were selected for the study. At screening visit complete history taking, periodontal examination and full mouth supragingival scaling was done for each patient. At baseline visit, all clinical parameters were recorded at selected sites and patients were randomly assigned to either control group (group A) or the treatment group (group B). All patients in the both groups received complete subgingival scaling and root planing. Then in group B, chlorhexidine chip (Periocol CG) was inserted at the selected site. Patients were recalled at 1month, 2 months and 3 months from the baseline for recording clinical observations. Results: There was statistically significant clinical attachment gain, reduction in bleeding index scores and probing pocket depth reduction in both the groups but group B showed better results than group A and these differences were statistically significant. Conclusions: The results of this study show that chlorhexidine chip (PerioCol-CG) is an effective adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.
Keywords:- Antimicrobial agents, chlorhexidine chip (Periocol-CG), local drug delivery systems, periodontitis.
Research article:-
Ajay Patil1, Vijay Bhawe,1 Jagannath J Kadam2,K.George A3 and Manohar V Lokhande4 1Department of Chemistry, Bhavan’s College , Andheri (W),Mumbai 400058, India. 2Department of Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Engineering, Navi Mumbai-400614,India. 3Department of Chemistry, SIES College, Sion (W) Mumbai-400022, India. 4Department of Chemistry, Sathaye College, Vile Parle (E) Mumbai-400057, India.
Abstract:- The paper describes the synthesis of Hydrochlorothiazide which shows great therapeutic use as diuretic i.e. anything that promotes the formation of urine by kidney. Diuretics cause a person to ‘lose water’. They do so by diverse means including. The synthesis was carried out using four different hydrotropes. The effect of various hydrotropes on yield, rate constant and activation energy at various temperatures and concentrations were studied.
Key words:- Hydrotropes, Xylene sulfonic acid (XSA), Cumene sulfonic acid (CSA), (n-BBSA): n-Butyl benzene sulfonic acid (n-BBSA), Isobutyl benzene sulfonic acid (I-BBSA), 1H NMR, IR.
Original research article:-Forensic medicine
S Manjunath1,*Shankar M Bakkannavar2,Pradeep Kumar G3,Vrinda J Bhat4,Nayana Prabhu5,Asha Kamath6,RaghavendraBabu Y P7
1Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India.
3Professor and Head, Department of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India.
4Professor and Head, Department of Forensic Medicine, Shimoga Institute of Medical Sciences, Shimoga,India.
5Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India.
6Selection Grade Lecturer, Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India.
7Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College,Mangalore,ManipalUniversity,India.
Abstract:- Palatoscopy or Palatal rugoscopy is the name given to the study of palatal rugae in order to establish a person’s identity. Rugoscopy finds application in the field of anthropology, comparative anatomy, genetics, forensic odontology, prosthodontics and orthodontics. The present study is an attempt to determine the differences in the rugae pattern among the Indian males and females in a small portion of a population. 63 subjects, 32 males and 31 females in the age group 17-25 years formed the materials for the study. After a written informed consent, maxillary dental casts were taken and interpretation of the rugae pattern was done as per classification by Thomas and Kotze. It was noted that the Indian females had more number of rugae on the right side of the palate than the male counterparts. Curved and straight shapes were predominant among the females whereas the wavy pattern was more common among the males. Their uniqueness to individuals has been recognized as providing a potentially reliable source of identification.
Keywords:-Forensic odontology; Identification; rugoscopy.
Original research article:-Biochemistry
*Siva Prabodh V1 , Padma Vijaya Sree A2 , Sarma DVHS2 , Siva Reddy M2
1 Dept. of Biochemistry, NRI Medical College and General Hospital, Chinakakani, A.P, India
2 Dept. of Biochemistry, Kurnool Medical College and General Hospital, Kurnool, A.P, India .
Abstract:- Objective: To determine whether serum (pseudo)cholinesterase levels has any diagnostic and prognostic value in acute organophosphorus poisoning. Design: cohort (prospective) study Patients: 40 consecutive patients admitted to ICU for acute organophosphate poisoning. Measurements: Serial measurement of Serum Cholinesterase levels in all patients – 4 times, at the time of admission before administration of PAM(Pyridine aldoxime methiodine), 24hrs after administration of PAM, 48hrs after administration of PAM, 72hrs after administration of PAM. Results: serum cholinesterase levels were significantly decreased in acute organophosphorus poisoning cases when compared to controls and also there is regeneration of serum cholinesterase levels after administration of PAM by 22 %, 45% and 73% after 24hrs, 48hrs and 72 hrs. Conclusion: serum cholinesterase levels have diagnostic value as their levels are significantly decreased in organophosphorus poisoning cases and also prognostic value as there is regeneration of serum cholinesterase levels after administration of PAM.
Key words: -Serum cholinesterase, organo phosphorus poisoning, Pralidoxime, PAM.
Research article:- Biochemistry
Oseni Lateef A.* and Yussif Issah.
Department of Applied chemistry & Biochemistry, University For Development Studies, P.O. Box 24, Navrongo, Ghana.
Abstract:- The increased incidence of bacteria resistance to many antibacterial drugs is of great concern and medicinal plants have proven as an alternative source of antibacterial agents. Taraxacum officinale is a stemless herb used as food vegetable and medicine. The plant is found chiefly as a persistent weed in many temperate regions. Previous reports show that the leaves of T. officinale contain bioactive components. In the current research, the ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of T. officinale were screened for phytochemicals and in vitro antibacterial activity. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoneae, Pseudomonas auregenosa and Staphylococcus aureus were used as test organisms. Data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U-test and P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Preliminary phytochemical screening of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extract of T. officinale revealed the presence of saponins, phenolics, triterpenes tannins, phytosteroids and reducing sugar some of which have been reported to be bioactive. The bacterial growth inhibition activity of the extracts was evaluated using agar well diffusion method at concentrations ranging from 50mg/ml to 200mg/ml. At concentration 200mg/ml, the ethanolic leaf extract showed inhibition against only E. coli and S. aureus with mean diameter of zone of inhibition of 23.50±1.00 mm and 10.75±1.50 mm respectively. At concentration 100mg/ml, the mean diameter zone of inhibition for the ethanolic extract were 16.00±2.83 mm and 9.00±0.82 mm against E. coli and S. aureus respectively. At concentration 50mg/ml, the ethanolic leaf extract showed inhibition against only E. coli with mean diameter of the zone of inhibition of 10.50±1.00 mm. The aqueous extract on the other hand showed inhibition against E. coli only at 200mg/ml and 100mg/ml. The result reveals that antibacterial activities of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extract of T. officinale were concentration dependent. The result further suggests that the ethanolic extract of T. officinale was the most active compared with the aqueous extract. Of the bacteria tested, E. coli was the most susceptible to the extracts. In conclusion, both aqueous and ethanolic extract of T. officinale possess significant (P < 0.05) antibacterial activity and may be very useful in the discovery of novel antibacterial agents.
Keywords:- Antibacterial assay, Taraxacum officinale, agar well diffusion, Phytocompounds