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Research article:-
Maninder Karan1, Prerna Sarup2, Vandana Suneja3, *Karan Vasisht1.
1M. Pharm., Ph. D.2 M. Pharm.3 BAMS. University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences–UGC Centre for Advanced Studies , Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
Abstract:- Guggulu is an esteemed product of Ayurveda, used for over thousands of years and enjoy high status for its versatile use in several ailments. The two most important pharmacological properties of guggulu are its anti-inflammatory and hypolipidaemic actions. Ayurvedic texts describe at least seven purification processes of raw guggulu before incorporating it into different formulations to overcome the side effects. The present study was undertaken to find out the effect of seven different methods of purification of raw guggulu on inflammation. The anti-inflammatory activity of guggulu purified by different methods was found to be quiet variable and the activity of different guggulu’s was in the order: nirgundi swaras with haldi curna > vasa kasaya > cow milk > vasa swarasa > water/cow urine > triphla kasaya. The maximum activity shown by guggulu purified in nirgundi swaras with haldi curna was 50.16 percent at 3 h, while guggulu purified in triphla kasaya exhibited 36.72 percent protection at same time interval.
Keywords:-Guggulu, Ayurvedic purification methods (sodhanvidhi), anti-inflammatory activity.
Research article:-Biochemeistry
E.E.Edet1,*F.E. Uboh1, T. E. Edet2,3, I. J. Atangwho1, E. David-Oku1.
*1 Department of Biochemistry University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Nigeria.
2 Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Cross River State, Nigeria.
Abstract:- The effect of leaf extract of Gongronema latifolium (GL) on some kidney tissue enzymes and total protein levels of alloxan-induced diabetic rats was studied. Graded doses of the extract (200, 300 and 400 mg/kg b.wt) were administered to diabetic and non-diabetic rats for 14 days. On the 15th day, the animals were sacrificed and the total protein, aminotransferases (ALT and AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) assayed in the kidney tissue whole homogenate (KWH). The result showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in total protein concentration, and increase in ALT, AST, ALP and GGT activities in non-treated diabetic rats when compared to the non-treated non-diabetic control rats. Treatment of non-diabetic rats with GL produced a dose-dependent non-significant (p>0.05) increase in total protein, ALT, AST, ALP and GGT, compared to the non-treated non-diabetic rats. However, total protein concentrations in diabetic rats, treated with 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg b.wt of GL were significantly (p<0.05) increased, while AST, ALT, ALP and GGT activities decreased, in a dose-dependent pattern when compared to the non-treated diabetic rats. These results indicate that oral treatment with GL may be used to alleviate the kidney functions impairment associated with diabetic condition.
Keywords:- Alloxan, Diabetes, kidney enzymes, kidney proteins, kidney function.
Original research article:-Microbiology and Biochemistry
K.Nalini 1*, P.Sumathi 2
1Department of Microbiology , Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College, Sivakasi ,Tamil Nadu,India. *Part time Research Scholar, Bharathiyar University, Coimbatore.
2Department of Biochemistry, Government College for Women, Krishnagiri, Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract:- Background: Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major problem in medicine field faced by humans. Among different mechanisms of resistance beta-lactamase induced resistance plays a prominent role and threatens the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotics. The aim of this study is to detect the presence of ESBL and AmpCase in urinary isolates and also to focus the importance of antibiotic surveillance programs. Methods: During the period of January 2010 to December 2011 Six hundred and fifty six midstream urine samples were collected from different hospitals and clinical lab surrounding Srivilliputtur, Rajapalayam, Madurai and Sivakasi in TamilNadu, India. From this 606 isolates were selected including E.coli (356), Pseudomonas spp (123), Klebsiella spp (73) and Proteus spp (54) species for further analysis .Antibiotic sensitivity pattern were analysed with selected beta-lactam antibiotics. Phenotypic and Biochemical characterisation of selected isolates were performed followed by genotypic detection of blaTEM and blaSHV genes in E.coli. Result: All the isolates were found to be resistant to penicillin and 90% of isolates showed resistance to Amoxicillin followed by variable rate of resistance to second, third and fourth generation Cephalosporin antibiotics and less than one percent of resistance was observed to imipenam. E.coli and Pseudomonas spp showed more potent activity of beta-lactamase. Beta lactamase genes blaTEM and blaSHV genes were analysed in one E.coli isolate. Conclusion: Antibiotic surveillance programs can have a great impact to tackle the problem of antimicrobial resistance which is extending in diverse forms with local, regional and national level variations.
Keywords:-Antimicrobial resistance, beta-lactam antibiotics, ESBL, Cephalosporinase.
Review article:-Periodontology and Oral Implantology
1*Sonakshi Gupta and 2 Vidya Dodwad.
1*Postgraduate student (III Yr), Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, I.T.S.-CDSR, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad,U.P,India.
2MDS, Professor and Head, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, I.T.S.-CDSR, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, U.P,India.
Abstract:- Tetracyclines belong to a notable class of biologically active and commercially valuable compounds. Chemically modified tetracyclines are one such group of drugs which have been viewed as potential host modulating agents. A major advantage of CMTs (unlike tetracyclines) is the lack of antimicrobial activity and development of antibiotic resistant microbial flora in vivo in long term therapy. The non-anti-microbial properties of chemically modified tetracyclines (CMTs) have shown a great promise in their therapeutic value in field of dentistry. Among them CMT-1, CMT-3 and CMT-8 have been tested for periodontal applications. Recent studies have shown that CMT-3 and CMT-8 inhibit tumor metastasis and arthritis affected synoviocyte invasion in animal models.
Keywords:- Chemically modified Tetracyclines, Host Modulating agents.
Research article:-periodontics
Rosaiah Kanaparthy1*,Aruna Kanaparthy2 and Kamala Devi3
1Professor & HOD, Department of periodontics,2Reader,Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Peoples Dental Academy, Bhopal-462037, Madhya Pradesh, India.
3Principal & HOD, Govt Dental college & Hospital, Department of Periodontics & Oral Implantology, Hyderabad-500001, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Abstract:- Purpose: The present study was envisaged to compare the efficacy of adjunctive use of Azithromycin with scaling and root planing (SRP) the adjunctive use Amoxicillin and SRP, and SRP alone in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. To correlate the use of N-Benzoyl DL-Arginine 2- Naphthylamide (BANA) hydrolysis test and percentage of spirochete count with the periodontal parameters before and after periodontal therapy Methods: 30 subjects with chronic periodontitis were randomly selected and divided into three groups as follows. Group I: Subjects treated with scaling and root planing (SRP) alone. Group II: Subjects treated with SRP and systemic administration of Amoxicillin (SRP + AMOX). Group III: Subjects treated with SRP and systemic administration of Azithromycin (SRP + AZM). Periodontal parameters comprising of plaque index, bleeding index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level and microbiological parameters comprising of spirochete count and BANA test scores were assessed at base line and six weeks after completion of periodontal therapy for subjects in all the three groups. Results: The reduction in post-treatment scores as compared to pre-treatment scores of plaque index, bleeding index, pocket depth, clinical attachment levels and spirochete count was highly significant in all the groups(p<0.01). Conclusions: BANA hydrolysis is a reliable marker of periodontal disease as it has proved to be a suitable test for detection of spirochetes. The judicious use of systemic antibiotics in the treatment of chronic periodontitis may provide an additional benefit in the clinical outcome compared to SRP alone.
Key Words:- Amoxicillin , Azithromycin, Chronic Periodontitis, N-Benzoyl DL-Arginine 2- Naphthylamide.