DocumentsDate added
Research article:-Medical microbiology
*Omalu, I. C. J., Mohammed, A. Z., Olamide, P. I., Ayanwale, V. A. Adeniran, L. and Gbise, S. Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna-Nigeria.
Abstract:- Fifteen samples, made up of five brands of sachet packaged water samples labelled as A, B, C, D and E in Minna metropolis were examined for bacteriological and physico-chemical properties. The bacteriological quality of the water samples were examined using multiple tube techniques (MPN). All the five brands of packaged sachet water samples contained bacteria. Brand A showed a high average index of 398MPN/100ml, brand B has 49MPN/100ml, brand C has 18.8MPN/100ml and brand D had 7MPN/100ml while brand E had 12MPN/100ml. The isolates were identified as Escherichia coli, Streptococcus feacalis, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp and Salmonella typhii. The physico-chemical parameters were also determined using standard methods; whose values fell below WHO standards for drinking water except manganese whose values exceeds the maximum permitted limit for water quality of the standard organisation of Nigeria (SON).
Key Words:- Bacteriological quality, Multiple tube techniques, Packaged water.
Original Research article:-Medical microbiology
1*Dr Alka Nerurkar, 2Dr Priti Solanky, 3Dr Shanta S. Naik.
1* (M.D. Microbiology) Associate Professor, Dept. of Microbiology, GMERS Medical College, Valsad, 2(M.D. Community Medicine) Assistant Professor, Dept. of Community Medicine, GMERS Medical College, Valsad, 3(M.D. Pathology & Bacteriology) Consultant Pathologist & Bacteriologist Dr Shanta Naik’s Pathology Laboratory, Bandra West, Mumbai- 400 050,India.
Abstract:- Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the commonest infections encountered by clinicians and despite the widespread availability of antimicrobial agents UTI has become difficult to treat because of appearance of pathogens with increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents. Objectives: The aim and objectives of this study were to determine the etiological Bacterial pathogens of the UTI and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of pathogens isolated. Methodology: The present study was a cross sectional study carried out in a private pathology laboratory situated in western Mumbai from January 2008 to December 2010. Total 280 urine samples were tested bacteriologically and for antibiotic susceptibility using standard procedures. Results: Out of 280 urine samples 168 (60%) patients tested positive for culture. E.coli was the most common isolate (44.96%) followed by Enterobacter spp (17.83%) and Klebsiella spp (14.72%) amongst the gram negative bacilli. Amongst the gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (92.3 %) was commonest. E. coli which was the main isolate identified was found to be highly susceptible to Amikacin (82.2%) followed by Ciprofloxacin (78.2%), Gentamicin (80.4%) ,Ampicillin (59%) and Nitrofurantoin (57%). Conclusion: This study finding showed that E. coli isolates were the predominant pathogens and showed increasing resistance pattern to the commonly prescribed drugs in private practise that in turn leaves the clinicians with very few alternative options of drugs for the treatment of UTIs.
Key Words:- Urinary Tract Infections, Antibiotic Susceptibility, Anti Microbial agents
Research article:-Clinical Pharmacy.
OMOLE, Moses Kayode Pharm. D1 and GHOMORAI Tokoni B. Pharm1.
*1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan,Nigeria.
Abstract:- This study, involving a retrospective analysis of case notes of randomly selected patients at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, was carried out to assess the rational use of drugs in the management of schizophrenia among both in- patients and out- patients in the hospital. Four patients consisting of two (2) female and two (2) male adults were randomly selected and their case notes thoroughly studied. Patient A was prescribed a total number of 7 drugs including risperidone from which he was switched to clozapine due to resistant to therapy. Patient B was prescribed a total number of 3 drugs including depot fluphenazine 12.5 mg monthly and was subsequently placed on oral thioridazine 100mg at night, to which she was clinically stabilized. Patient C was prescribed a total number of 2 drugs including depot fluphenazine 12.5 mg monthly and risperidone. Patient D was prescribed a total number of 4 drugs including depot fluphenazine 12.5 mg monthly. The use of clozapine required constant monitoring of the blood cells. Other drugs prescribed were benzhexol, amitriptylline, carbamazepine and diazepam. There were no side effects documented for the newly prescribed drugs. The results were analyzed using tables indicating names of drugs, dosage regimen and frequency of usage The sources of irrational use of antipsychotic agents obtained from this study could be due to unavailability of needed medication, prescription of expensive medications and polypharmacy observed as mixture of depot and oral antipsychotic agents in prescription.
Keywords: – Antipsychotics, Rational, Patients, Management.
Research article:-Community medicine
*S.R.Nigudgi1, Boramma G2, Shrinivasreddy.B3,Kapate.R4
1,2 & 4 Professor, 3 Biostatistician, Department of Community Medicine, M R Medical College Gulbarga,India.
Abstract:- Nutritional status during school age is a major determinant of nutritional and health status in adult life. Health hazards associated with under nutrition and micro nutritional deficiencies remain major public health problems. Majority of the health problems affecting school children are preventable by promotion of hygienic practices. Objective:-To assess the nutritional status of school children, to find out the burden of specific deficiency disorders and to assess the status of personal hygiene among school children Study design:-Cross sectional study. Material Method: - the study was carried out in higher primary schools of Gulbarga city. Results: - Out of 935 school children under study 51.23% were boys and 48.77% were girls. 50.05% children were below average weight for age showing undernourishment. 22.35% children had specific deficiency diseases in which bitot’s spot in 48.80% children and anemia is 10.05%. 91.44% school children had good personal hygiene.
Key words:-Weight For Age, Anemia, Bitot’s spots, and Personal Hygiene.
Research article:-Medical biochemistry
* Nandedkar Prerna D.1, Kamble Mahendra T.2, Lokhande Suryabhan L.1, Vaidya Seema M.3, Chitta Shrinivas S.4
1M.B.B.S., M.D. (Biochemistry), Assistant professor (Biochemistry), Dept. of Biochemistry, Seth G.S. Medical college and hospital, Parel (E), Mumbai (M.S.),India.
2M.B.B.S., M.D. (Biochemistry), Assistant Professor, Dept. of Biochemistry, Govt. Medical College & Cancer Hospital, Aurangabad (M.S.),India.
3 M.Sc.(Biochemistry), PhD., Professor, Dept. of Biochemistry, Government Medical college, Latur, (M.S.),India.
4 M.B.B.S, M.D. (Physiology), Junior resident, Dept. of Physiology, Government Medical college, Nagpur, (M.S.), India.
Abstract:- Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a higher prevalence of dyslipidemias than the general population. Almost all patients of CKD with nephrotic syndrome have an abnormal lipid profile and the cause of death in most of patients is cardiovascular complications. This dyslipidemia may be correlated with proteinuria. Therefore, it is important to screen all patients of CKD with nephrotic syndrome for dyslipidemia and find out its correlation with proteinuria. Aim:To estimate lipid profile and 24 hour urinary protein in patients of CKD with nephrotic syndrome. Settings and designs: This cross sectional study was undertaken in the Department of Biochemistry and Department of Medicine of Government Medical College and hospital Nagpur, Maharashtra. Material and method and statistical analysis: lipid profile and 24 hour urinary protein excretion were analyzed and compared between 50 age & sex matched CKD with nephrotic syndrome cases and CKD without nephrotic syndrome controls of age group 25‐60 years using unpaired two‐tailed Student‘t’ test. Results:Values of total cholesterol (p<0.001), triglyceride (p<0.001), LDL-C (p<0.001) and 24 hour proteinuria (p<0.001) were significantly higher in CKD with nephrotic syndrome compared to CKD without nephrotic syndrome but values of HDL-C (p<0.001) were significantly lower compared to CKD without nephrotic syndrome. Conclusion: Cardiovascular complications can be more frequent in patients of CKD with nephrotic syndrome and dyslipidemia correlates directly with severity of 24 hour proteinuria.
Keywords:- (CKD) chronic kidney disease, (NS) nephrotic syndrome, 24 hour proteinuria, Dyslipidemia,(CVD) cardiovascular disease.