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Research article:-Biochemeistry
E.E.Edet1,*F.E. Uboh1, T. E. Edet2,3, I. J. Atangwho1, E. David-Oku1.
*1 Department of Biochemistry University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Nigeria.
2 Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Cross River State, Nigeria.
Abstract:- The effect of leaf extract of Gongronema latifolium (GL) on some kidney tissue enzymes and total protein levels of alloxan-induced diabetic rats was studied. Graded doses of the extract (200, 300 and 400 mg/kg b.wt) were administered to diabetic and non-diabetic rats for 14 days. On the 15th day, the animals were sacrificed and the total protein, aminotransferases (ALT and AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) assayed in the kidney tissue whole homogenate (KWH). The result showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in total protein concentration, and increase in ALT, AST, ALP and GGT activities in non-treated diabetic rats when compared to the non-treated non-diabetic control rats. Treatment of non-diabetic rats with GL produced a dose-dependent non-significant (p>0.05) increase in total protein, ALT, AST, ALP and GGT, compared to the non-treated non-diabetic rats. However, total protein concentrations in diabetic rats, treated with 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg b.wt of GL were significantly (p<0.05) increased, while AST, ALT, ALP and GGT activities decreased, in a dose-dependent pattern when compared to the non-treated diabetic rats. These results indicate that oral treatment with GL may be used to alleviate the kidney functions impairment associated with diabetic condition.
Keywords:- Alloxan, Diabetes, kidney enzymes, kidney proteins, kidney function.
Research article:-Community medicine
*S.R.Nigudgi1, Boramma G2, Shrinivasreddy.B3,Kapate.R4
1,2 & 4 Professor, 3 Biostatistician, Department of Community Medicine, M R Medical College Gulbarga,India.
Abstract:- Nutritional status during school age is a major determinant of nutritional and health status in adult life. Health hazards associated with under nutrition and micro nutritional deficiencies remain major public health problems. Majority of the health problems affecting school children are preventable by promotion of hygienic practices. Objective:-To assess the nutritional status of school children, to find out the burden of specific deficiency disorders and to assess the status of personal hygiene among school children Study design:-Cross sectional study. Material Method: - the study was carried out in higher primary schools of Gulbarga city. Results: - Out of 935 school children under study 51.23% were boys and 48.77% were girls. 50.05% children were below average weight for age showing undernourishment. 22.35% children had specific deficiency diseases in which bitot’s spot in 48.80% children and anemia is 10.05%. 91.44% school children had good personal hygiene.
Key words:-Weight For Age, Anemia, Bitot’s spots, and Personal Hygiene.
Review article:-Periodontology & oral implantology
Sweta Kumari Singh1* , Vidya Dodwad2 & Garima Dhariwal3
1Post graduate Student, 2Professor and HOD, 3Post graduate Student, Department of Periodontology & oral implantology, I.T.S. Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Delhi-Meerut Road, Murad Nagar, Ghaziabad- 201206, India.
Abstract:- Periodontitis is an “infectious disease resulting in inflammation within the supporting tissues of the teeth, progressive attachment loss and bone loss”. Periodontal therapy is aimed at the restoration of tissues destroyed by disease. However, achieving greater predictability with regenerative therapy requires the introduction of an agent which not only hampers tissue destruction but also enhances the regenerative capabilities of the periodontal tissues. Simvastatin is a hypolipidemic drug used to control elevated cholesterol, or hypercholesterolemia. It is a member of the statin class of pharmaceuticals. The primary uses of simvastatin are for the treatment of dyslipidemia and the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Simvastatin has been reported to promote osteoblastic activity and inhibit osteoclastic activity by inhibiting a rate-limiting enzyme of the cholesterol synthesis pathway. Locally applied simvastatin induces osteogenesis and bone growth by upregulation of BMP-Various animal and human studies showed that SMV assists in bone regeneration and has an anti-inflammatory effect when delivered or applied locally.
Key words:- Simvastatin, periodontal therapy, bone regeneration, BMP-2.
Research article:-Clinical pharmacy
OMOLE, Moses Kayode Pharm. D1., ADEBAYO, Sheriff Olalekun M. Pharm2. ADISA, Rasaq M. Pharm1
1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
2Pharmacy Departments, General Hospital Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract:- This prospective study was carried out to determine factors that may affect medication adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), and receiving treatment at antiretroviral clinic, University College Hospital, Ibadan, but who are affiliated to Non Governmental Organizations such as FAPHAC and PLAN, Nigeria. All consenting subjects from these two support groups were enrolled into the study but 305 PLWHA volunteered to participate throughout the three months period of the study. The study was conducted with the aid of structured interview assisted questionnaires to obtain information on demographic characteristics, as well as availability and side effects of antiretroviral drugs. Descriptive and Chi-square statistical tests were used to evaluate the level of association between the variables being considered and respondent’s adherence to antiretroviral medications. Majority of people (80.3%) living with HIV/AIDS interviewed were females while (19.7%) were males. Male respondents (91.7%) showed better adherence to ARV medications than female counterparts (83.7%). Subjects in the age groups 24-35 years (59.1%) which is the most sexually active groups were more vulnerable when compared to other age groups. There was no significant relationship between medication adherence and age, sex, education, occupation and financial status (p>0.05), but there was a significant difference (P<0.05) between marital status of PLWHA and level of adherence to antiretroviral medications. There is need to carry out further study in order to fully explore the extent to which marital status and other factors can affect medication adherence of people living with HIV/AIDS.
Key Words:-Antiretroviral (ARV) Medication adherence, variables, Nongovernmental organization (NGO), Human-immunodeficiency-virus (HIV), Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Research article:-Clinical pharmacy
OMOLE, Moses Kayode1 Pharm. D. & OWODUNNI, Khadijat Oluwatoyin2 M. Pharm.
1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
2Department of Pharmacy,University College Hospital(UCH),Ibadan ,Nigeria.
Abstract:- This prospective study investigated nursing mothers’ knowledge and factors influencing compliance there with immunization regimen in a state government-owned children hospital – Oni Memorial Children Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria on Jan 5th, 2005. The study population comprised of mothers who had children aged between 0-24 months. One hundred and forty (140) nursing mothers who consented were randomly selected from 210 nursing mothers that daily visited the clinic on immunization day of January 5th, 2005 with structured questionnaires administered. There were 71.4% mothers having enough knowledge on immunization regimen compliance and 28.6% mothers without enough knowledge. 38.6% mothers with post-secondary education complied as a against 3.6% mothers with the same post secondary education who did not comply. 45.0% mothers viewed health workers’ attitudes as pleasant while 8.6% mothers perceived otherwise. 46.4% mothers employed by various organizations complied as against 27.9% self-employed mothers who did not comply. 28.6% mothers presenting their third baby at the time of study complied while 2.9% of mothers with their third baby did not comply. Five hypotheses were tested using chi-square at 0.05 level of significance, and all the hypotheses were rejected. Though, it was discovered that most mothers studied had enough knowledge on the common childhood diseases as well as the importance of immunization in combating such, several factors have been found that can influence compliance with the immunization regimen.
Keywords:-Immunization, Vaccines, Mothers’ Knowledge, Compliance, Non compliance South West Nigeria.