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Research article:-Biochemistry
1*Dr. Lokhande Suryabhan L, 2 Dr. Iyer Chandrashekhar M, 3 Dr. Shinde Ratnendra R, 4 Dr. Nandedkar Prerna D, 5 Dr. Kamble Mahendra T.
1*MD Biochemistry; Assistant professor, Department of Biochemistry Government Medical College Nagpur, India.
2MD Biochemistry; Professor, Department of Biochemistry,Government Medical College Nagpur, India.
3M.D. Preventive and Social Medicine; Professor and Head, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Seth G.S. Medical College and Hospital Mumbai, India.
4,5MD Biochemistry; Assistant professor, Department of Biochemistry Government Medical College Nagpur, India.
Abstract:- Background and Objectives: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 DM) characterised by relative insulin deficiency or insulin resistance is associated with glucose intolerance, hypertension, a unique dyslipidemia, a procoagulant state, and an increase in macrovascular disease. The present study was conducted to assess the significance of Apolipoprotein B in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and complications. Materials and Methods and Statistical Analysis: 50 diagnosed cases of type 2 DM in the age group 35-65 years were included in the study and 50 age and sex matched healthy controls were taken as controls. In both the groups, we have measured serum levels of traditional lipid parameters comprising of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), HDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B (Apo-B) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) as cardiovascular risk factors. Statistical analysis was done by students unpaired‘t’-test and linear regression analysis and correlation. Results: The results of this study shows significant increased level of serum total cholesterol, TG, LDL-C and VLDL-C and Apo-B in type 2 DM patients as compared to controls (p<0.001). While Serum HDL-C level was significantly lower in type 2 DM patients as compared to controls (p<0.001). The waist hip ratio of Type 2 DM patients was found to be significantly higher as compared to controls. Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicated that apolipoprotein B (Apo-B) as a cardiovascular risk factors are significantly elevated in type 2 DM patients as compared to controls and apolipoprotein B (Apo-B) significantly elevated even if lipid profile parameters such as LDL-C and HDL-C were found to be normal, signifying routine estimation of apolipoprotein B (Apo-B), in addition to traditional lipid parameters in the cardiovascular risk assessment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Key Words:- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 DM), Apolipoprotein B (Apo-B), Traditional lipid parameters, Cardiovascular disease (CVD), Waist-hip ratio (WHR).
Research article:-Clinical Pharmacy.
OMOLE, Moses Kayode Pharm. D1 and GHOMORAI Tokoni B. Pharm1.
*1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan,Nigeria.
Abstract:- This study, involving a retrospective analysis of case notes of randomly selected patients at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, was carried out to assess the rational use of drugs in the management of schizophrenia among both in- patients and out- patients in the hospital. Four patients consisting of two (2) female and two (2) male adults were randomly selected and their case notes thoroughly studied. Patient A was prescribed a total number of 7 drugs including risperidone from which he was switched to clozapine due to resistant to therapy. Patient B was prescribed a total number of 3 drugs including depot fluphenazine 12.5 mg monthly and was subsequently placed on oral thioridazine 100mg at night, to which she was clinically stabilized. Patient C was prescribed a total number of 2 drugs including depot fluphenazine 12.5 mg monthly and risperidone. Patient D was prescribed a total number of 4 drugs including depot fluphenazine 12.5 mg monthly. The use of clozapine required constant monitoring of the blood cells. Other drugs prescribed were benzhexol, amitriptylline, carbamazepine and diazepam. There were no side effects documented for the newly prescribed drugs. The results were analyzed using tables indicating names of drugs, dosage regimen and frequency of usage The sources of irrational use of antipsychotic agents obtained from this study could be due to unavailability of needed medication, prescription of expensive medications and polypharmacy observed as mixture of depot and oral antipsychotic agents in prescription.
Keywords: – Antipsychotics, Rational, Patients, Management.
Research article:-Pathology
*1Manu Mathur and 2Rishi Diwan
1MD, Assistant professor ,2 MD, Associate professor, Department of Pathology, S.R.G. Hospital and Medical College, Jhalawar, Rajasthan, India.
Abstract:-Objective: To find out frequency and pattern of ABO and Rh blood group among voluntary donors. Material and Methods: Voluntary donors attending blood bank or blood donation camps organized by Medical College Jhalawar ,Rajasthan between April 2008 to March 2012 (4 years study). Total numbers of 4911 such donors were included in this study. The ABO and Rh grouping done, data were recorded on specially formed proforma, tabulated and analyzed. Results: The result shows ABO group pattern as O>B>A>AB. The same pattern seen in Rh positive male and females while in Rh negative females the pattern was B>O>A>AB. The O Negative blood group was 2.24% while AB negative was at lowest position (0.71%). Discussion and Conclusion: This study shows blood group O is more common in voluntary donors in this area(32.8%).These results are quite similar to the many other studies done at other parts of country. Everyone should have knowledge of their blood group. This will help to save life of patients when blood transfusion is an emergency.
Key words:-ABO blood group, Rhesus (Rh) blood group, voluntary donors, blood transfusion.
Original article:-Periodontology and oral impantology
Swati Nagpal1* ,Vidya Dodwad2, Shubhra Vaish3
1 Post graduate Student, 2Professor and HOD, 3Reader, Department of Periodontology & oral implantology, I.T.S. Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Delhi-Meerut Road, Murad Nagar, Ghaziabad- 201206, India.
Abstract:- Periodontal disease caused by dental plaque which is a biofilm of mixed aetiology is one of the most prevalent diseases in oral cavity caused by periodontopathic bacteria . Periodontits is conventionally treated with mechanical debridement procedures and adjunctive antimicrobial therapy. Photodynamic therapy is a novel non invasive therapeutic approach with increased pathogen and site specificity. Photodynamic therapy involves use of photosensitzer that is activated by exposure to light of specific wavelength to form toxic oxygen species thereby causing localized photo damage and cell death. Application of photodynamic therapy in periodontics such as pocket debridement, gingivitis, aggressive periodontitis continue to evolve into a mature clinical treatment modality, and is considered as a promising novel approach for eradicating pathogenic bacteria in periodontitis.
Keywords:-Novel treatment, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, Periodontitis.
Research article:-
*Mendonca Reuben Lawrence MBBS1, Dev Nischay U. MBBS2, D’Souza Neevan D.R., MSc3, Akshay K.M., MD3 Shantaram Manjula, PhD4
*1Dept. of Pulmonology, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya University, Mangalore 575 018, Karnataka, India. 2Daradahalli PHC, Mudigere Taluk, Chikmagalur District, Karnataka, India. 3Dept. of Community Medicine, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya University, Mangalore 575 018, Karnataka, India. 4Dept. of Biochemistry, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya University, Mangalore 575 018, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:- An attempt was made to focus on rural adolescents since majority of the Indian population lives in villages. We tried to observe male and female adolescents and their physical appearance in terms of height, weight, body mass index (BMI), life style factors such as intake of total proteins, total calories, their physical activities at school, time spent in reading, sleeping and watching television programs. This study was carried out over a period of four months on school children from the villages of Chikmagalur district of Karnataka state, India. There was no statistical significance between gender in 8th, 9th and 10th standards. Reading habits of the adolescents have significant increase as they grew older. As the walking hours of adolescents were increased, reading hours and exercises were decreased though not significantly. As age of the high school students was increased, sleeping hours were decreased; showing moderate inverse co-relation with statistical significance.
Key words:- Adolescents, family, lifestyle, rural area.