DocumentsDate added
Original article:- Pathology
1* Rishi Diwan and 2Manu Mathur
1*MD.Associate Professor, 2 MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, S.R.G. Hospital and Medical College, Jhalawar, Rajasthan, India.
Abstract:- Background:-Blood transfusion has become an essential part of treatment in number of medical or surgical emergencies. It is also true that blood transfusion is an important mode of transmission of infection to recipients .Present study was planned to know the incidence of such infections among voluntary donors of this area. Material and method:-A four year retrospective study carried out at blood bank of medical college Jhalawar, Rajasthan. Study includes record of 4911 voluntary donors attending blood bank from January 2008 to December 2011. Result- Overall TTIs prevalence in voluntary donors is 2.87% in study area, in which HBV were 2.56%, Syphilis were 0.28%, and HIV 0.O2%. Highest prevalence was found in age group 26-35.(4.91%).Year-wise prevalence of TTIs shows decline trend (6.71% in2008 while 2.46% in 2011) Discussion and conclusion:-A noticeable number of voluntary donors harbor HIV,HBV,HCV, Malaria and Syphilis infections .So strict selection of voluntary donors and proper testing of donor’s blood by using standard method is highly recommended to ensure safety for recipient.
Key words:-Voluntary donors, Blood transfusion, transfusion transmitted infection [TT I], Hepatitis B virus [HBV], Hepatitis C virus [HCV], Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV].
Research article:-
Sanjeev Dole1, Amit D. Kandhare2, Pinaki Ghosh2, Tejas P. Gosavi1*, Subhash L. Bodhankar2
1Sanjeeven Homeo Clinic and Research Centre, Pune-411004, Maharashtra, India.
2Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune-411038, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract:-Homeopathic medicines are popular across the globe for their unique nature of administration and manufacturing process. Evolutions of various schools of thoughts have created a therapeutic nihilism among the homeopathic principles of practice. Relevant communication and procrastinating follow ups added a call for development of newer formulation other than ultra molecular dilutions. In this context the novel tool for analysing the collective evidence for support of scientific homeopathy similar to clinical trial evaluation by Jadad score as well as Downs-Black scoring enlighten the path for development of effective logical platform for homeopathic system of medicine. Critical appraisal and meta analysis inform us about true nature and inner essence of facts and figures involved in published data. Difference between quality and quantity for essential impact of clinical trials in homeopathy can be better explained by such outfits. Unprejudiced estimate of accurately classified research question can be more precisely tested with such valuable equipments. This will help to remove the pitfalls and bizarre impression about homeopathy. Pain is a global health issue and desires a special attention while managing. Almost every school of medicine claims therapeutic privileges over the last few decades. Conventional medicine undoubtedly advanced in its treat modalities. However complementary and alternative medicine has also improved to better clinical outcomes. Likewise homeopathy in such case also carried few clinical trials with formulation in spite of single medicine.
Keywords:- Analgesic, Downs-Black score, Homeopathy, Jadad score, Metaanalysis, Systematic Review
Original article:-Clinical pharmacy
OMOLE, Moses Kayode (1) Pharm. D., Malik Elizabeth Olabisi (1) B. Pharm.
1*,2 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan.
Abstract:-Rational use of drugs requires that patients receive drugs appropriate to their clinical needs in doses that meet their individual requirements. The case studies were carried out to assess the various factors that influenced the rational use of drugs in the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF) among those admitted as in-patients in the University College Hospital (U. C. H) Ibadan. Four patients consisting of two male adults and two female adults were randomly selected and monitored with their case notes thoroughly studied. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), were prescribed for the four patients. Beta blockers were prescribed for three patients while only two patients were prescribed calcium channel blockers. Digoxin tablets were prescribed for two patients while Isosorbide dinitrate was prescribed for only one of the patients. Other drugs prescribed were antihypertensives which include modurectic (Amiloride + Hydrochlorthiazide (HTZ)), hypoglycemic agents which include insulin and metformin (Glucophage), analgesic which include tramadol and paracetamol, antibiotics which include augmentin, ciprofloxacin and ceftriazone. Side effects documented were hypotension, cough, and chest pain. The result from these studies showed that utilization of variety of health professionals are required to reinforce rational treatment for heart failure.
Keywords:- Chronic heart failure, Rational, Patients, Treatment.
Research article:- Biochemistry
*AKANDE I. S, 1 SAMUEL T. A1 , AGBAZUE .U1 AND OLOWOLAGBA B. L1
1Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Abstract:-The comparative nutritive values of different tea brands on sale in Nigeria were investigated and compared with natural Lemon grass extracts. The brands include Lipton tea, Top tea, Nescafe and Green tea. The percentage moisture, ash, crude fibres, lipids and protein contents and antioxidant potentials were evaluated and compared. Phytochemical screening for the various tea brands compared to Lemon grass was also carried out. Results from the study showed that there were significant (p<0.05) differences in the proximate composition of the various tea brands compared with lemon grass . Top tea had the highest percentage of moisture (11.2%), crude fibre (84.35%), lipid (6.09%), protein (0.44%) while Nescafe had the highest percentage of ash content (13.03%). Green tea contained the least ash content (4.79%) while Lemon grass had the lowest percentage lipid (0.42%). Phytochemical screening of these samples revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, glycosides and conjugated dienes in all the four tea brands investigated. Top tea appeared the most balanced nutritionally while the green tea is the most susceptible to rancidity. Data of the study indicate that our indigenous tea brands including the natural extracts of lemon leaf are good sources of antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic compounds and glycosides in addition to very few calories and only a small amount of fat with corresponding valuable minerals. They are therefore nutritionally acceptable and medicinally valuable.
Key Words:- Tea, Moisture, Antioxidant, Proximate, Flavonoids, Citrus hystrix.
Research article:-Biochemistry
*Renu Nagar Department of Biochemistry, Dr. RP Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Abstract:-Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) has long been used as a biological marker for prostatic cancer. Recent studies have demonstrated that PSA synthesis can be induced in both sexes by steroid hormones including Progesterone. PSA is present in the breast milk and other body fluids and tissues of women in health and in various disease conditions. The massive amounts of steroid hormones produced by the placenta during pregnancy stimulate PSA synthesis in the breast tissue. PSA in breast milk probably plays an important role in post-natal growth and development of the infant by virtue of its IGFBP 3 protease activity liberating IGF-I, its very cationic nature, the inactivation of the Protein C inhibitors and extensive homology of PSA with Tissue kallikrein, gamma Nerve growth factor and Epidermal growth factor binding protein. In this study, PSA levels in breast milk were found to decrease with increasing time post-partum. The milk PSA levels were higher in case of lesser gestation at delivery, smaller birth weight of the baby and for a male baby.
Key Words:-Prostate Specific Antigen, PSA, Serine protease, Kallikrein, Breast milk, Insulin like growth factor binding protein, Insulin like growth factor.