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Research article:-Medical microbilogy
*,1B.Srinivas, 2D.Lalitha Devi and 3Bandaru Narasinga Rao.
1 M.Sc (Medical Microbiology), Tutor in Microbiology,3 MD.,Ph.D., Professor & Head, Dept. of Microbiology, Rajivgandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Srikakulam-532 001(AP)., India. 2 Assistant Professor in Pharmacology, Dept. of Pharmacology, GSL Medical college, Rajahmundry, A.P., India.
Abstract: - Background: The objective of our present study was to determine the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from various infections and its properties and susceptibility pattern to commonly used antibiotics. Materials and Methods: During a 2-year period, specimens were received from various infections and the same were processed and the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated using standard microbiological techniques and its properties and antibiogram was studied using 8 antimicrobials. Results: Out of 1810 clinical samples, a total of 168 strains of P. aeruginosa were isolated and the prevalence rate was 9.28%. Maximum number was from samples of pus (55.3%) followed by urine (18.5%). The maximum number of samples from males and the infection was seen maximum among females of age group of 51-60 Yrs.(24.6%) followed by male and female almost equally in the age group of >61Yrs. (21.6% and 22.8% respectively). Fifty six percent of strains produced the pigment pyocyanin(55.35%) followed by Pyoverdin(20.23%). Out 168 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 146 were found Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) strains. Predominant MDR strains isolated from pus 83 (56.85%), urine 24 (16.44%), endo tracheal tubes 16 (10.96%), sputum 10 (6.85%), broncho alveolar lavage 9 (6.16%), ear swabs 4 (2.74%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa has shown resistance to Gentamicin (61.91%), Tobramycin (60.12%), Amikacin (57.74%), Cefixime (88.88%), Ceftazidime (69.64%), Cefoperazone (69.05%), Piperacillin (66.67%), and Carbencillin (41.07%). Conclusion: High prevalence of P. aeruginosa as an opportunistic pathogen has been developing with increased resistance to antimicrobial agents and thus becoming a significant threat.
Key Words:-Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Postoperative wound infections, Prevalence, Nosocomial, Antibiogram.
Research article:-
*,1Dr. Jankana Burana-osot and 2Dr. Wandee Yanpaisan
1Associate Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, NakhonPathom 73000, Thailand.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, NakhonPathom 73000, Thailand.
Abstract:- A validated reversed-phase HPLC methodhas been employed for the determination of five individual catechins; (-) epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), (-) epigallocatechin (EGC), (-) epicatechin gallate (ECG), (-) epicatechin (EC), and (+) catechin (C), and caffeine in green tea simultaneously.The separation was performed on a C18-bonded silica column (4.6 x 250 mm, 5μm) using an isocratic mobile phase comprising of 0.1% acetic acid and methanol (70:30, v/v) with a UV detection at 230 nm. The method validation showed good results for specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection and limit of quantitation. The content of 5 catechins and caffeine in commonly consume green tea brands in Thailand were determined and compared. The resulting data revealed extensive variability in catechins and caffeine amounts. The quantities of EGCG ranged from 5.19 to 58.21, EGC from 2.80 to 52.48, EC from 0.74 to 11.58, ECG from 1.01 to 16.45 and C from 0.09 to 6.10 mg/g of dry tea. Caffeine contents were between 5.81-27.62mg/g of dry tea. EGCG was in the highest concentration in almost tea infusions excepting Japanese green tea, while C was the lowest, excepting Chinese green tea.
Key words:- Green tea, Catechins, Caffeine, HPLC.
Case report:- General surgery
*,1Satya Ranjan Patra, 2V Srinivas and 3GL Prasad.
1Associate Professor in General Surgery, Madha Medical College And Hospital, Thandalam Kovur, Chennai Tamil Nadu 600122,India.
2Assistant Professor,3Professor & HOD,General Surgery, PSI Medical College & Hospital Chinnaoutapalli Ganavaram, Andhra Pradesh 521286,India.
Abstract:-Diverticular diseases of colon form an important differential diagnosis in cases with right sided abdominal pain. The overall prevalence of diverticular disease is low but their importance lies in the fact that the incidence has been increasing in recent years. In the Western population, left side of colon is predominantly affected; but in Asians, the right side involvement is common. Here we are presenting a case of diverticulum of the ascending colon, which was solitary and presented with perforation.
Key words:-Right colon, Diverticulitis, Primary Anastomosis.
Research article:-
*Soumendra Sahoo1, Rashmirekha Sahoo2, Yogesh Panditrao Palve 3 and Padmalochan Nayak 3
1Melaka Manipal Medical College, Melaka, Malaysia.
2Nilai University , Nilai, Malaysia.
3P.L.Nayak Research Foundation and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Synergy Institute and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Abstract:-In the present research program, polymer nanocomposites have been used as the drug carrier for delivery systems of ocular drugs. Tamarind and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) with different ratios were blended with different wt% of Cloisite 30B solution by solvent casting method. Cloisite 30B was incorporated in the formulation as a matrix material component which also plays the role of a co-emulsifier in the nanocomposite preparation. Timolol maleate in different concentrations was loaded with Tamarind-PVA/C 30B nanocomposites for studying the in-vitro drug delivery systems. Morphology and structure characterization of nanocomposites were investigated by fourier transmission infra red spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), tensile strength and water uptake capacity. The drug release was studied by changing time, pH and drug concentrations. The kinetics of the drug release was studied in order to ascertain the type of release mechanism. Based on the diffusion as well as the kinetics, the mechanism of the drug release from the composite matrix has been reported.
Keywords:-Tamarind, PVA, C 30B, Timolol maleate, Ocular film, Drug Delivery.
Research article:-
*S. I. Kheder
*Ph.D Pharmacology , National college of Medical & Techenical sciencies– Pharmacy program, Khartoum – Sudan, 3783 Khartoum.
Abstract:-Background: To tackle methicillin-resistant Staphylocccus aureus (MRSA) we have first understand how much hospital staffs know about MRSA. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and perceived practice of medical staff in Khartoum State hospitals regarding MRSA. Method: This is descriptive situational cross-sectional analysis. A convenience sample was recruited from six governmental and five private hospitals in Khartoum state. Face to face interviews, using structured questionnaire, were carried out with staff working in medical and surgical wards in the selected hospitals, over a three month period from January - March 2012. Results: There were 300 responses from different departments, with variable specialties and experience. Knowledge of many aspects of MRSA and it is preventive management and treatment was deficient. 58.7% of medical health care workers get their MRSA information from textbooks. Majority of respondents (90%) felt that they required additional information about MRSA. Conclusion: The survey confirmed that assumptions should not be made about adequate knowledge and expertise of the staff in relation to MRSA. Appropriate interventions, policies and education programs were needed to fill the gaps in knowledge of healthcare staff about MRSA.
Keywords:- MRSA, survey, knowledge, education, infection control, Sudanese, hospitals.