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Research article:-Anatomy
* C.Venkatramaniah¹, A.Mary Antony Praba² and Dr. Girija Sivakumar3.
¹Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondy, India.
²Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Tagore Medical College, Chennai, India.
3Professor, Department of Anatomy, Karpagavinayaka Institute of Medical Sciences, Chennai, India.
Abstract:- Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder characterized by seizures and affecting up to 1% - 2% of the population. Temporal lobe epilepsy is a major form of focal epilepsy. Herewith we produced a model of temporal lobe epilepsy by stereotaxically induced microliters of kainic acid into the right hippocampus. Animals were divided into 8 groups, vehicle control, lesion control, AC 15, AC 25, AC 35, BA 10, BA 15 and BA 20. Except the vehicle control and the lesion control group all the other groups of animals were given Calamus oil and Beta Asarone in different concentrations based on their group names. The behaviors of the animals were assessed by using Cook’s pole climbing apparatus. The vehicle control group of animals behaved normally. The lesion control animals exhibit epileptic seizure and was not performing in the pole climbing apparatus. The AC 15, BA 10 and BA 15 group of animals performed poorly as they did not climb the pole for all the ten times and they were more fearing than climbing the pole. The animal belongs to AC 25, AC 35 and BA 20 were climbed the pole immediately after hearing the buzzer sound and finished all the ten buzzers successfully. These data supports the neuroprotection of Acorus calamus and it’s principle component Beta Asarone.
Key Words:- AC= Calamus oil, BA = Beta Asarone, CAR= Conditioned avoidance response, VC= Vehicle control, LC= Lesion control, LD 50= Lethal dose 50, IP=Intraperitoneal.
Research article:-Preventive and social medicine
Gandha Kapil M1*, Dhaduk Kishor M2 and Yadav Sudha B3
1,2Assistant Professor,3Professor and Head of the Department, Community Medicine Department, M P Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India.
Abstract:-Back ground: Various levels of health care workers (post graduate students, medical officers, paramedical staffs, and field worker) are at risk of exposure to HIV virus in their day to day practice. Objective: to assess the knowledge related to post exposure prophylaxis in case of exposure to potentially infectious fluid or needle stick injuries. Materials and methods: interview with pre structured pre tested proforma. Results: Only 28.19% (N= 188) of the study subjects knew correctly that needle-stick injuries should be reported to the concerned authority. But only 20.74% of the study subjects had knowledge regarding time of initiation of PEP. 61% of the total study subjects were in favour of getting HIV testing done following needle-stick injuries. Conclusion:-KAP-gap has been observed among various levels of health care workers.
Key words:-HIV, AIDS, Needle Stick Injury, Fluid Exposure, Post Exposure Prophylaxis, Prevention.
Case Report:-Cardiology
Ashwini Aithal P, MSc1., Naveen Kumar, MSc2*., Satheesha Nayak B, MSc, Ph.D3.
1,2,3 Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka State, India- 576104.
Abstract:-Background: The omohyoid muscle is one of the infrahyoid muscles of the neck. It has superior and inferior bellies and an intermediate tendon. Variations in the omohyoid muscle are quite rare. Main observations: We report a case where the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle was absent. Its inferior belly originated from the upper border of scapula near suprascapular notch and passed across the posterior triangle, behind the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The muscle then blended with the fascia of the sternocleidomastoid muscle on its posterior surface. It was supplied by the ansa cervicalis. Due to the absence of the superior belly, division of the anterior triangle of the neck was incomplete. Conclusions: The omohyoid is important in radical neck dissections because it is the surgical landmark for level III and IV lymph node metastases. Thus, knowledge of anomalies of this muscle is important to minimize the complications during the surgical procedures of the cervical region.
Keywords:-Infrahyoid muscles, omohyoid muscle, absence of superior belly.
Research article:-Ophthalmology.
Pujar Chaitra. DOMS DNB OPHTH 1*, M Jayashree P. DOMS DNB OPHTH 2, Patil Madhuri G. MBBS 3 and Santosh. MBBS3.
1*Senior Resident,2Associate Professor,3Junior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, S N Medical College Bagalkot-587102, Karnataka,India.
Abstract:- Purpose- To assess the awareness of glaucoma among the urban population of Bagalkot district in north Karnataka,India.
Material and Methods:- A total of 100 subjects, >20 yrs old, among the urban population of Vidyagiri and Navanagar areas in Bagalkot, in North Karnataka were enrolled into the study. The responses of the subjects (N=100) who completed a structured questionnaire regarding the awareness (heard of glaucoma) and knowledge (understanding glaucoma) of glaucoma, formed the basis of this study.
Results:- Awareness of glaucoma was (n=35, 35 %) was good in Vidyagiri and Navanagar areas of Bagalkot. No significant difference was noted between the different age-groups (p=0.06687) and between the males and females (p=0.392).Awareness of glaucoma was significantly higher in literates (p= 0.0042) and in higher socioeconomic group (p=0.005154).A total of 14 subjects (n=14, 40 %) knew that the visual loss due to glaucoma was permanent. The main source of awareness of glaucoma in this population was TV/Magazines/media 17(48.57%), Ophthalmologist 7 (20.38%),family members and friends 5(14.28%),Doctor 4(11.42%), and Optician-1(1.28%),followed by eye camp 1(1.28%). Conclusion:- Awareness of glaucoma was comparatively higher among the urban population of Vidyagiri and Navanagar areas of Bagalkot District, in North Karnataka. Compared to the previous studies the awareness is better, due to increased exposure to Mass Medias like Television, Radio Magazines and so on. Improvement in the health care services over the years, do contribute to the increased awareness about glaucoma. Community based health education programmes go a long way in increasing the level of awareness and knowledge about glaucoma.
Keywords:- Glaucoma prevalence, awareness, and population based epidemiological study.
Research article:-Pharmaceutical chemistry
Komal Khanpara1*, Renuka2, Dr. V. J. Shukla3, Dr. Rabinarayan Acharya4.
1,2Ph.D.Scholar,3M. Sc. (Chem.), Ph. D.,Head, Pharmaceutical chemistry laboratory,4 Associate Professor,Department of Dravyaguna, I.P.G.T. & R.A. GAU, Jamnagar–361 008, India.
Abstract:- The Astringent taste is important for the sensory quality of Traditional medicines. Perception thresholds of two important Kashaya rasa based compounds – as Kulath and Kachanar, were determined by using different methods of fingerprinting analysis. In planner chromatography elution follows as Ketones and aldehydes approximately in the middle, alcohols behind them and the acids still at the starting point. Well-known drugs having the sequence of separation follows the polarity of the compounds [1] and the taste of separated bands were confirmed by taste-threshold methods. Bitter rasa dominant zone was selected for further TLC fingerprinting and that was used as BRM in further analysis. In present study attempt was made to modulate sample preparation stage using chromatographic fingerprinting for generation of rasa fraction for Kulath and Kachanar. Thus planner chromatography technique seems very important and useful when BRM hypothesis was adjunct to method that explains the categorization acco.to traditional medicine classification method. i.e. Rasa domain classification method.
Key Words:- BRM, Column chromatography, Sensory evaluation, Spectral comparison.