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Research article:-Midwifery and Immunology
Direkvand-Moghadam A (MSc) 1 and Khosravi A (MSc, PhD) 2*
1 Department of Midwifery, 2Department of Immunology, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Abstract:- Modern pharmacological therapies for menstruation pain commonly focus on alleviating menstrual pain and relaxing uterine muscle contraction by using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or oral contraceptive pills. Because treatment with NSAIDs is associated with a number of side effects and inadequate pain control by NSAIDs alone in some of cases, the current study was designed to overcome such limitation using Shirazi Thymus Vulgaris as a new pain killer. 120 students of Ilam University of Medical Sciences checked for their inclusion criteria that were singleness at the time of study, aged between 18 to 25 years, accommodated at University campus and having primary dysmenorrhea prior to the enrolment to the study. The participants either received Shirazi Thymus Vulgaris (5ml of the four times a day) or Ibuprofen (three times a day) orally. Both the analyzing methods of VMS and VAS were used to record the pain grade and pain scoring among the participants. The Shirazi Thymus Volgaris cured the pain with similar grade and score as the Ibuprofen at the first and second month of trial. The pain killing specificity of the current herbal medication may be due to its antispasmodic effects and therefore such safe medication can be evaluated and used for the pain therapy using different pain scoring system.
Keywords: -Menstrual pain, Pain Score, Shirazi Thymus Vulgaris, VMS.
Corresponding Author:
Khosravi A ., Department of Immunology, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Research article:-
Abdolhossein Poornajaf1, Amir Ashkan Nasiripour2,Leila Najafi3*, Alimohamad Abbasi4,Maseeod Poornajaf5 ,Fariba Nozarpoor6, Fariba Bakhtie7, Khosrow Shirinie8 and Fahimeh Mirzakhani9.
1,4,8The Member of Academic Board of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran, 2 Associate Professor, Department of Health Services Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad Univesrsity,Tehran,Iran 3MPH. Student , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran. 5Main nutrition6,7MA in Educational management , Teacher in Ilam schools,9Expert in Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran,Iran.
Abstract:- Behavioural disorders are behaviours by which an individual would negate other’s rights and social rules. This disorder happens more in childhood or adolescent .The present research has been performed with the purpose of considering the extent of prevalence of behavioral disorders in male and female elementary students in Ilam city. This study is descriptive–cross–sectional and causative -comparative, its statistical society is including students in Ilam city with total number 15283 in 2004-2005 educational years. The respected sample was obtained through screening with 840 subjects. Data gathering tool was a questionnaire, a form special for teachers. Data analysis has been performed through X2 test and correlation coefficient. Total prevalence of behavioral disorders among students was 5/5%: 3/08% for boys and 2/42% for girls. The prevalence of disorders related to care deficiency was calculated 1/85%, anxiety and Stress 1/63%, anti-social mood behaviours 1/41%, non-harmonious Behaviour 61%. Based on the research results it was determined that the prevalence of behavioral disorders in boys was more than girls and there was a meaningful relationship between gender education levels, age, parent’s education based on behavioural disorder (P < 0.05).
Key words:- Prevalence, behavioural disorders, student.
Research article:-Pathology
Khanna Vinay1*, Bairy Indira2 , Maradi Ravindra3, Khanna Ruchee4, Vishwanath Shashidhar5, Sathyanarayanachar Manjunath6
1Assistant Professor, 2Professor, 5Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, 3Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, 4Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, 6Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal University.
Abstract:- Recent HIV infection (<6 months) represents the initial stage of the disease, when viral replication is associated with dissemination in lymphoid tissue and a distinct immunologic response. Patients with recent infection have symptoms, including flu like symptoms, fever, skin rash, headache, diarrhea, malaise, and lethargy. Recent HIV infections also include seroconversion with positive HIV serology generally takes place at 3 to 12 weeks following the viral transmission and clinical latent period which extends beyond 6 months in which most of the patients remained asymptomatic. In this study Established HIV-1 infection (>6 months) includes clinical latent period, symptomatic HIV-1 infection, AIDS and advanced HIV-1 infection, characterized by a CD4 cell count <50/mm3. This study was conducted in 261 HIV seropositive patients with recent and established HIV-1 infection. Data analyzed using SPSS 16.0 and variables are compared by using chi square test. There were total 33 cases identified as recent cases and 228 cases as established cases. Among recent and established infection fever was the commonest presentation. Flu like symptoms were commonly seen in all cases of recent infection. Majority of established cases of HIV showed generalized lymphadenopathy with weight loss.
Key words:-Human Immune deficiency Virus, Detuned ELISA, CD4 cells, AIDS.
Research article:-Ophthalmology.
Pujar Chaitra. DOMS DNB OPHTH 1*, M Jayashree P. DOMS DNB OPHTH 2, Patil Madhuri G. MBBS 3 and Santosh. MBBS3.
1*Senior Resident,2Associate Professor,3Junior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, S N Medical College Bagalkot-587102, Karnataka,India.
Abstract:- Purpose- To assess the awareness of glaucoma among the urban population of Bagalkot district in north Karnataka,India.
Material and Methods:- A total of 100 subjects, >20 yrs old, among the urban population of Vidyagiri and Navanagar areas in Bagalkot, in North Karnataka were enrolled into the study. The responses of the subjects (N=100) who completed a structured questionnaire regarding the awareness (heard of glaucoma) and knowledge (understanding glaucoma) of glaucoma, formed the basis of this study.
Results:- Awareness of glaucoma was (n=35, 35 %) was good in Vidyagiri and Navanagar areas of Bagalkot. No significant difference was noted between the different age-groups (p=0.06687) and between the males and females (p=0.392).Awareness of glaucoma was significantly higher in literates (p= 0.0042) and in higher socioeconomic group (p=0.005154).A total of 14 subjects (n=14, 40 %) knew that the visual loss due to glaucoma was permanent. The main source of awareness of glaucoma in this population was TV/Magazines/media 17(48.57%), Ophthalmologist 7 (20.38%),family members and friends 5(14.28%),Doctor 4(11.42%), and Optician-1(1.28%),followed by eye camp 1(1.28%). Conclusion:- Awareness of glaucoma was comparatively higher among the urban population of Vidyagiri and Navanagar areas of Bagalkot District, in North Karnataka. Compared to the previous studies the awareness is better, due to increased exposure to Mass Medias like Television, Radio Magazines and so on. Improvement in the health care services over the years, do contribute to the increased awareness about glaucoma. Community based health education programmes go a long way in increasing the level of awareness and knowledge about glaucoma.
Keywords:- Glaucoma prevalence, awareness, and population based epidemiological study.
Research article:-Biology
1Vahid Yousefi Babadi, *2Leila Najafi , 3Azadeh Najafi, 4Hosein Gholami, 5Mohammad Ebrahim Beigi Zarji, 6Jalal Golzadeh, ,7Esmaiel Amraie,8Ali Shirband.
1,5,7,8M.A.in Biology,Payam-e-Noor University of Tehran,Tehran,Iran.
2Ph.D.Candidate in Health Care Services Administration, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran.
3M.A. in Sociology,Research and sciences Branch Islamic Azad University,Tehran,Iran. 4G.P.Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran.
6M.A.in Biology,Uromieh University,Uromieh,Iran..
Abstract:- Background: Iron oxide nanoparticles can be used for medical imaging,disease diagnosis,drug delivery,cancer treatment,gene therapy and other cases.These particles accumulate in liver cells and lead to oxidative stress with generation of reactive oxygen species. Objectives: This study investigates the effect of iron oxide nanoparticles on liver tissue and enzymes[alanine aminotransfere(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)]in male rat. Materials and methods: 40 adult male rats of wistar strain, weighing 250-300g were used for this study.The ratswere randomly assigned to four groups.One group was control and other three groups were fed with iron oxide nanoparticles at 20, 50 and 150 µg/kg concentrations respectively for 15 days. Venous blood was taken to measure liver enzymes at the end of treatment. Liver of rats removed for histological experiments. Results: Significantly enhanced (P<0.05) AST level obtained as well as ALT and ALP level with used of maximum concentration of iron oxide nanoparticles (150 µg/kg) as compared to normal group. Conclusion: Based on our result, using high concentration of iron oxide nanoparticles could be caused undesirable effects on liver with damage to hepatocyte and level elevation of liver enzymes.
Key words:- Hepatocyte, Nanoparticle, Enzyme, Iron oxide.