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Research article:-Preventive and social medicine
Gandha Kapil M1*, Dhaduk Kishor M2 and Yadav Sudha B3
1,2Assistant Professor,3Professor and Head of the Department, Community Medicine Department, M P Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India.
Abstract:-Back ground: Various levels of health care workers (post graduate students, medical officers, paramedical staffs, and field worker) are at risk of exposure to HIV virus in their day to day practice. Objective: to assess the knowledge related to post exposure prophylaxis in case of exposure to potentially infectious fluid or needle stick injuries. Materials and methods: interview with pre structured pre tested proforma. Results: Only 28.19% (N= 188) of the study subjects knew correctly that needle-stick injuries should be reported to the concerned authority. But only 20.74% of the study subjects had knowledge regarding time of initiation of PEP. 61% of the total study subjects were in favour of getting HIV testing done following needle-stick injuries. Conclusion:-KAP-gap has been observed among various levels of health care workers.
Key words:-HIV, AIDS, Needle Stick Injury, Fluid Exposure, Post Exposure Prophylaxis, Prevention.
Research article:-Anatomy
* C.Venkatramaniah¹, A.Mary Antony Praba² and Dr. Girija Sivakumar3.
¹Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondy, India.
²Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Tagore Medical College, Chennai, India.
3Professor, Department of Anatomy, Karpagavinayaka Institute of Medical Sciences, Chennai, India.
Abstract:- Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder characterized by seizures and affecting up to 1% - 2% of the population. Temporal lobe epilepsy is a major form of focal epilepsy. Herewith we produced a model of temporal lobe epilepsy by stereotaxically induced microliters of kainic acid into the right hippocampus. Animals were divided into 8 groups, vehicle control, lesion control, AC 15, AC 25, AC 35, BA 10, BA 15 and BA 20. Except the vehicle control and the lesion control group all the other groups of animals were given Calamus oil and Beta Asarone in different concentrations based on their group names. The behaviors of the animals were assessed by using Cook’s pole climbing apparatus. The vehicle control group of animals behaved normally. The lesion control animals exhibit epileptic seizure and was not performing in the pole climbing apparatus. The AC 15, BA 10 and BA 15 group of animals performed poorly as they did not climb the pole for all the ten times and they were more fearing than climbing the pole. The animal belongs to AC 25, AC 35 and BA 20 were climbed the pole immediately after hearing the buzzer sound and finished all the ten buzzers successfully. These data supports the neuroprotection of Acorus calamus and it’s principle component Beta Asarone.
Key Words:- AC= Calamus oil, BA = Beta Asarone, CAR= Conditioned avoidance response, VC= Vehicle control, LC= Lesion control, LD 50= Lethal dose 50, IP=Intraperitoneal.
Research article:- Microbiology
Savita Jadhav1*, Nageswari Gandham1, Arundhuti Paul1, Misra R.N.1, Mani K.R.2.
1Department of Microbiology. Pad. Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital, Pimpri-Pune-18,India
2National Referral Centre Central Research Institute , Kasauli Himachal Pradesh,India.
Abstract:- Introduction- Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a remarkable and diverse organism. This normally harmless commensal needs only to acquire a combination of mobile genetic elements to become a highly adapted pathogen capable of causing a range of diseases, from gastroenteritis to extra- intestinal infections of the urinary tract, bloodstream and central nervous system. The worldwide burden of these diseases is staggering, with hundreds of millions of people affected annually. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) cause serious infections in people at risk and have significant environmental prevalence due to contamination by human and animal excreta. In developing countries, UPEC assumes importance in certain dwellings because of poor community /personal hygiene and exposure to contaminated water or soil. Materials and methods- A total of 50 E. coli isolates from urine of patients suffering from UTI and 50 E. coli isolates from the feces of healthy volunteers, were included in the study. The incidence of UTI (due to E. coli) was more in females (70%) than in males (30%). Ability of these E. coli strains to produce the virulence factors viz. production of haemolysin(28%),Cytotoxic necrotizing factor(44%) ,afimbrial adhesion (76%) ,pap(46%), aer(84%) areobactin were seen. E. coli isolates from chronic renal failure were usually bestowed with multiple virulence factors. 60-65% of the E.coli isolates were multidrug resistant (resistant to ampicillin, clotrimoxazole, norfloxacin, tetracycline and gentamicin). ESBL production was demonstrated in 85.77% isolates from UTI and 14.28% were MBL producer.36.66% were ST131-CTX-M-15 MDR UPEC which is markedly high number. Conclusion:- We have standardized and used a rapid simple and inexpensive PCR test that allows the detection of the E.coli O25b-ST131 clone that often produces CTX-M-15enzyme, which may also host other ESBLs.This assay will help to trace the highly resistant and virulent O25b-ST131 clone in the community and hospitals.
Key words:- Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), Virulence factors, Multidrug resistance, sequence type B2-O25b-ST131-CTX-M-15.
Research article:-Pathology
*1Deshpande Rangrao H and 2S.K.Wadde. 1,2M.D. Pathology , Department of Pathology, MIMSR Medical College, Latur, India.
Abstract:- Aims & Objectives: Safety of blood is very important. Blood transfusion can cause the transmission of infections to recipients. This is an important mode of infection. The aim of study to assess HCV infection among blood donors. Retrospective study of five years from Jan.2007 to Dec.2011 was done. This study was conducted at Blood bank, MIMSR Medical College Latur, Govt. Medical College, Latur and Bhalchandra Blood bank, Latur. Materials & Methods: Total 10, 4925 donors were tested. Donors were screened for seroprevalence of HCV along with other necessary tests. Screening of HCV was done by Elisa method. Results: The Seroprevalence of HCV was 0.22% in total donors. Conclusion: The Seroprevalence is decreasing from 2007 to 2011 in this study in this type of infection. But it should be noted that maximum donors are voluntary (79.33%) who have donated blood in big blood donation camps. To reduce the seroprevalence still low, the selection of voluntary donors should be of high quality.
Key words:- Seroprevalence, Blood donation, HCV, blood transfusion infections.
Research article:-
Abdolhossein Poornajaf1, Amir Ashkan Nasiripour2,Leila Najafi3*, Alimohamad Abbasi4,Maseeod Poornajaf5 ,Fariba Nozarpoor6, Fariba Bakhtie7, Khosrow Shirinie8 and Fahimeh Mirzakhani9.
1,4,8The Member of Academic Board of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran, 2 Associate Professor, Department of Health Services Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad Univesrsity,Tehran,Iran 3MPH. Student , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran. 5Main nutrition6,7MA in Educational management , Teacher in Ilam schools,9Expert in Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran,Iran.
Abstract:- Behavioural disorders are behaviours by which an individual would negate other’s rights and social rules. This disorder happens more in childhood or adolescent .The present research has been performed with the purpose of considering the extent of prevalence of behavioral disorders in male and female elementary students in Ilam city. This study is descriptive–cross–sectional and causative -comparative, its statistical society is including students in Ilam city with total number 15283 in 2004-2005 educational years. The respected sample was obtained through screening with 840 subjects. Data gathering tool was a questionnaire, a form special for teachers. Data analysis has been performed through X2 test and correlation coefficient. Total prevalence of behavioral disorders among students was 5/5%: 3/08% for boys and 2/42% for girls. The prevalence of disorders related to care deficiency was calculated 1/85%, anxiety and Stress 1/63%, anti-social mood behaviours 1/41%, non-harmonious Behaviour 61%. Based on the research results it was determined that the prevalence of behavioral disorders in boys was more than girls and there was a meaningful relationship between gender education levels, age, parent’s education based on behavioural disorder (P < 0.05).
Key words:- Prevalence, behavioural disorders, student.