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Research article:-Physiotherapy
Sethi Vanshika1* and Pragyadeep2
1Phd. Physiotherapy, Section in-charge physiotherapy department, 2Student BPT 4th year, Saaii College of medical science and technology, Kanpur,India.
Abstract:- Introduction: Chronic pain is that pain which lasts for more than three months. Depression is the most common emotion associated with chronic low back pain. The type of depression that often accompanies chronic low back pain is referred to as major depression or clinical depression. Methodology: A sample of 30 chronic low back pain patient of 20 to 40 year of age were taken by convenient sample method.pre treatment assessment of depression, anxiety and stress status on DASS scale were taken. Patients were given core stability training session of 4 week which included bridging, curl up exercises, pelvic bridging exercises, spinal extension exercise and side bridging exercises. These training treatment duration was of 30 min with 10 repetition for 4 weeks including 6 days a week for each exercises.post treatment assessment were done by using same outcome measures. Results: DASS(Depression, anxiety ,stress scale) score before giving the treatment were as 18.83±5.12, 11.06 ± 2.9 ,17.5 ± 3.7, whereas the score after exercises were as 16.6±4.30, 9.7 ± 2.6, 15.9 ± 3.3 with t-value of 6.299, 5.25, 3.1 with p-value of 0.000* , 0.000* ,0.004* ,which shows significant difference in scores. Conclusion: Exercise programs can be carried out safely in patient with chronic low back pain and there by their level of depression, anxiety and stress can be decreased by short duration core stability exercises as it is economical in time and money.
Key Words:- Core stability exercises, depression, anxiety, stress, low back pain.
Research article:-Preventive and social medicine
Gandha Kapil M1*, Dhaduk Kishor M2 and Yadav Sudha B3
1,2Assistant Professor,3Professor and Head of the Department, Community Medicine Department, M P Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India.
Abstract:-Back ground: Various levels of health care workers (post graduate students, medical officers, paramedical staffs, and field worker) are at risk of exposure to HIV virus in their day to day practice. Objective: to assess the knowledge related to post exposure prophylaxis in case of exposure to potentially infectious fluid or needle stick injuries. Materials and methods: interview with pre structured pre tested proforma. Results: Only 28.19% (N= 188) of the study subjects knew correctly that needle-stick injuries should be reported to the concerned authority. But only 20.74% of the study subjects had knowledge regarding time of initiation of PEP. 61% of the total study subjects were in favour of getting HIV testing done following needle-stick injuries. Conclusion:-KAP-gap has been observed among various levels of health care workers.
Key words:-HIV, AIDS, Needle Stick Injury, Fluid Exposure, Post Exposure Prophylaxis, Prevention.
Research article:-Pharmacology
Rajeev Kumar, Vasudevan Prabhakaran and Manoj G.Tyagi*
Department of Pharmacology Christian Medical College, Vellore 632002,Tamilnadu,India.
Abstract:- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease which mainly affects synovial joints and leads to damage of articular cartilage and ankylosis of joints. In this study, the effect of atorvastatin, an inhibitor of 3 hydroxyl -3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme reductase alone and in combination with netilmicin a phospholipase C inhibitor on RA were studied. RA was induced with the help of Freund ’s adjuvant (0.3ml/200gms wistar rat) in three separate Wistar rat groups. Freund ’s adjuvant is the combination of mineral oil, an emulsifier mannide monooleate with 1mg/ml heat killed dry mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra. During these studies, plethysmography, TNF-α levels, weight and age of animals were analyzed. After arthritis induction in group 1 (6 rats) the animals were treated with 5 mg/kg of Atorvastatin injection i.p and it was found to reduce 32.41 % of RA in 8 days as determined by paw edema and a reduction in TNF- α levels. While 42.22% reduction was found after 8 days treatment with the combination of 10 mg/kg of Netilmicin and Atorvastatin i.p injection in case of group 2 (6 rats) there was also a concomitant reduction in the levels of TNF-α in the arthritic paw. These studies suggest the interaction of these two drugs in reducing arthritic inflammation.
Key Words:- Freund’s adjuvant, atorvastatin, netilmicin, plethysmograph, arthritis, TNF-α.
Research article:-Microbiology
Gelotar Prakash1*, MD, Mundra Neetu A, MBBS2, Sinha Mala, MD3, Makwana Naresh4 1Assistant Professor, 2Resident,3Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology,4Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Shri M.P.Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India.
Abstract:- Background:-Candida species are known to be the most common fungal pathogens isolated from blood cultures of neonates. Recent reports from our country indicate a trend towards an increasing prevalence of non-albicans candidemia. Aim of the study: The present study is an attempt to evaluate the incidence of candida infections and about increasing frequency of non-albicans candida species over candida albicans.
Material and Methods: A total 400 blood cultures are received in department of microbiology, Jamnagar over a period of 5 months (April 2011 – August 2011) from newborn. Results:-A total of 25 Candida isolates were obtained over a period of 5 months.. Of the 25 isolates, 36% were Candida tropicalis which is followed by candida albicans (24%), Candida glabrata (16%), Candida parapsilosis (12%), Candida krusei (8%) and Candida kefyr (4%).
Key Words:-Candida, Neonates, Non-albicans Candida.
Case Report:-Cardiology
Ashwini Aithal P, MSc1., Naveen Kumar, MSc2*., Satheesha Nayak B, MSc, Ph.D3.
1,2,3 Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka State, India- 576104.
Abstract:-Background: The omohyoid muscle is one of the infrahyoid muscles of the neck. It has superior and inferior bellies and an intermediate tendon. Variations in the omohyoid muscle are quite rare. Main observations: We report a case where the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle was absent. Its inferior belly originated from the upper border of scapula near suprascapular notch and passed across the posterior triangle, behind the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The muscle then blended with the fascia of the sternocleidomastoid muscle on its posterior surface. It was supplied by the ansa cervicalis. Due to the absence of the superior belly, division of the anterior triangle of the neck was incomplete. Conclusions: The omohyoid is important in radical neck dissections because it is the surgical landmark for level III and IV lymph node metastases. Thus, knowledge of anomalies of this muscle is important to minimize the complications during the surgical procedures of the cervical region.
Keywords:-Infrahyoid muscles, omohyoid muscle, absence of superior belly.