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Review article:-Periodontology and Oral Implantology
Sonakshi Gupta1 and Vidya Dodwad2*
1Postgraduate student(III Yr) ,MDS, Professor and Head2*,
Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, I.T.S.-CDSR, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad,U.P,India.
Abstract:- Periodontitis is a multifactorial, chronic disease followed by destruction of supporting structures of teeth. Besides bacteria, viruses can also be present within periodontal pockets. The role of viruses such as Herpes viruses mainly Herpes Simplex viruses 1 and 2, Human Cytomegalo virus, Epstein Barr virus is significant, as they may induce abnormalities in the adhesion, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and bactericidal activities of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The frequent occurrence of herpesviruses in various types of severe periodontal disease makes the participation of herpesvirus species in the etiology of periodontitis a distinct possibility.
Key words:- Herpesviruses, Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, periodontitis.
Research article:-
Amin Kordi Yoosefinejad1, Azam Hosseini2,Homa Pouradeli Ashjaei3 and Reza Ghalamghash4.
1PhD student of Physical Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IR.Iran.
2Msc of Psychiatry, Madaen General Hospital, Tehran, IR.Iran.
3Msc of Motor Behavior, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, IR.Iran.
4PhD. * Rehabilitation Department, Madaen General Hospital, south saba st. - Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:- Purpose:-The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal- related pain in mothers carrying and lifting their disabled children for at least one year. [Method] Prevalence of musculoskeletal related pain was evaluated in different sites such as neck and shoulder, elbow, wrist, back and legs in seventy of mothers with disabled children (mean age of 30.2± 5.3 years old). The prevalence of depression was also investigated using a questionnaire. [Results] Prevalence of musculoskeletal related pain was more than expected in these mothers. Among pain in different sites, back pain was the most prevalent (84.1%). The prevalence of depression was also high (76.8%). [Conclusion] Musculoskeletal-related pains are more prevalent than expected in care givers especially mothers lifting and carrying their disabled children during non-ambulatory phase. Professionals involved in the care of children should also help parents to cope with the burden of care-giving as musculoskeletal-related pains and depression.
Key words:- Care givers, musculoskeletal- related pain, depression, disability, children.
Research article:- Physiology
Nalinda Silva, MBBS1*, Hemantha Senanayake, FRCOG2, Roshini Peiris-John, Ph.D 3, Rajitha Wickremasinghe, Ph.D4, Nalini Sathiakumar, Dr.PH5 and Vajira Waduge, M.Sc.6
1Lecturer in Physiology,Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka.
2Professor in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
3Visiting academic, Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
4Dean and Professor of Public Health,Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka 5Professor of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States.
6Senior Scientific Officer, Life Sciences Division, Atomic Energy Authority, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Abstract: Background: Heavy metals with estrogenic effects are termed as metalloestrogens which are implicated in the etiology of endometriosis; an estrogen dependent disease. Aim: To demonstrate the presence of metalloestrogens in ectopic endometrial tissue. Settings: A gynaecology unit of a tertiary care hospital and two national level laboratories. Design: Descriptive study Methods: In fifty patients with endometriosis confirmed by laparoscopy or laparotomy, ectopic endometrial tissue samples (n=50) were collected. Tissue samples were digested using supra pure 65% HNO3 and levels of metalloestrogens were measured using Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence (TXRF) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFASS). Results: Three metalloestrogens, namely cadmium, nickel and lead were detected in the ectopic endometrial tissue with geometric mean (95% CI) levels of 2.861 (2.126-3.596), 17.547(13.152-21.942) and 25.785(18.490-33.080) μg/Kg respectively. Conclusion: In this study, metalloestrogens viz. cadmium, nickel and lead were present in the ectopic endometrial tissue.
Key words: Cadmium, ectopic endometrial tissue, endometriosis, metalloestrogens, nickel.
Research article:-Biochemistry
Lawal, A*1., Umar, R. A1.,Abubakar, M. G1., Faruk, U. Z2. and Wali, U3
1Department of Biochemistry, 2Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 3Chemical Pathology Department, School of Medical Laboratory Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto-Nigeria.
Abstract:- FTIR is a simple, reproducible technique and most widely used methods for structural elucidation of many chemical compounds, and has been used as a requisite method to identify medicines in different pharmacopoeias. Pellets were prepared by taken 0.150 g of Potassium Bromide (KBr) and mixed with 0.008 g of the reference standards of artemisinin and its derivatives artesunate each and the spectra were recorded between 4000 cm-1 and 500 cm-1, by averaging 10 scans for each spectrum with a Shimadzu FT-IR Spectrophotometer. The fingerprints obtained exhibit the presence of C – H bend, C = O stretch, aromatic C – H in plane; cyclic ethers, large rings, C – O stretch and peroxides, C – O – O – stretch respectively. Additional IR-bands were observed of CH2 – CH2, cyclohexane ring vibration, and ester in artesunate. Also, simple and sensitive Spectrophotometric methods of these antimalarial were developed using methylene blue and soluble starch as chromogenic agents in pure forms of artemisinin (ATM) and artesunate (ATS) and in formulations. The results obtained for calibration curve show that r2 were 0.9602 and 0.9996 for ATM and using methylene blue while 0.9537 and 0.9648 for ATM and ATS using soluble starch as chromogenic agent respectively. The intra- and inter-day precisions were within 48.7 to 96.6% relative standard deviations. Limits of detection and quantification were found to be within accepted range. In post-developmental and validation phases, drugs were sample and tested and the results reveal percent content of API of the drugs between 78 -105% for spectrophotometric methods. Conclusively, the results showed that the proposed methods could be used in determine these antimalarial in formulations.
Key words:- IR fingerprints, methylene blue, soluble starch, artemisinin and artesunate.
Case Report
Kunwarjeet Singh1, Nidhi Gupta2* Neesha Chowdhary3 and Vikram Kapoor4.
1Reader, 3,4 Senior lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials,2Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Abstract:- The goal of a Prosthodontists is to control oral disease while restoring esthetics and function with durable and biocompatible restorations. Knowledge of the response of periodontal tissues to artificial crowns and fixed partial dentures is crucial in the development of treatment plan with predictable prognosis. Crowns and FPDs increases the incidence of gingival inflammation adjacent to restorations, particularly if restoration rests on free gingiva, has sub-gingival finish line, poor marginal adaptation or improper crown contours. The periodontium of the tooth to be restored should be healthy before starting the restorative procedure. The successful functional and esthetic rehabilitation of tooth with predictable prognosis depends on establishing a physiologic periodontal climate and facilitation of maintenance of periodontal health. This case report describes the effects of tooth preparation procedure and poorly designed crowns on health of adjacent periodontal tissues and esthetics.
Key words:- Periodontium, Esthetics and functional rehabilitation, mutilated tooth, crown contour, smile zone, emergence profile.