DocumentsDate added
Research article:-Biology
Ahoyo Théodora A. (PhD) 1, Baba-Moussa Farid(PhD) 2, Adeoti Mansour F. (PhD) 3, Attolou Aimé G.(PhD) 4, Boco Martine (Msc) 4, Kotchoni Simeon O. (PhD) 5 and Baba-Moussa Lamine (PhD)6*
1Laboratoire de Biologie Humaine, EPAC/ Université d’Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 526 Cotonou, BENIN.
2Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Technologie Alimentaire, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques/Université d’Abomey-Calavi, ISBA-Champ de foire Cotonou, BENIN.
3Biochimie, RIPAQS International, Abidjan, CÔTE D’IVOIRE. 4Microbiology and Quality Assurance, CHDZ/ C Hospital, Abomey, BENIN.
5Department of biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, 315 Penn St., Camden, NJ 08102, USA.
6Laboratoire de Biologie et de Typage Moléculaire en Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques/ Université d’Abomey-Calavi, 05 BP 1604 Cotonou, BENIN.
Abstract:- Background: Increasing reports in the literature document the existence of nosocomial transmission of Serratia marcescens. The consequences of infections associated to this bacterium can be severe, so it was important to establish strategies for prevention. This study aimed to provide the prevalence of this bacterium in a hospital environment and to examine the main factors increasing the risk of cross contamination.
Methods: Various specimen obtained from 790 hospitalized children aged from 0 to 7 years were examined and 940 others samples taken from hands of medical personnel, and various hospital surfaces were also screened for Serratia marcescens presence. Susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were tested by the disk diffusion method according to NCCLS guidelines. Aggressive infection control measures were instituted.
Results: About 123 (38%) patients were infected by Serratia marcescens, including septicaemia 65 (52.85%), 31 (25.2%) urinary tract infections, 12 (9.75%) pneumonia and 15 (12.2%) others infections. From hospital environment, 108/940 (11.50%) isolates were obtained. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that 56% of strains displaying multi resistance. Infected patients were cohorted and placed on contact precautions. Investigation by the infection control team revealed that the distributors of antiseptic were the main path of Serratia marcescens dissemination.
Conclusions: A substantial proportion of cases appeared to be of medical devices origin. New infection control policies and engineering plans were initiated on the basis of our results. Antimicrobial resistance is particularly harmful to infectious disease management in low-income countries since expensive second-line drugs are not readily available.
Key words:-Benin, Nosocomial infection, prevention, pediatrics unit, Serratia marcescens.
Letter to Editor
Dr. Vandana Berry and Dr. Madan Lal.
Department of Microbiology, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana (Pb.)-141 008, India.
Abstract:- The present study was focused on finding the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Acinetobacter in various pyogenic manifestations. In the Microbiology Laboratory, Christian Medical College and Hospital, a total of 8,741 and 9,792 specimens were processed during the year 2008 and the year 2009 respectively. The prevalence of Acinetobacter species was 17.24% and 23.47% during 2008 and 2009 respectively. The isolates had remarkably poor response towards majority of antibiotics. Polymixin B was judged to be the best antimicrobial agent with a susceptibility value ranging between 84.67% and 85.53 % followed by imipenem having 60.29 % to 63.36 % susceptibility.
Key words:- Acinetobacter, Antimicrobial resistance, Polymixin B and Imipenem.
Original research article:-Biochemistry
*Renu Nagar
Department of Biochemistry,Dr. RP Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Abstract:- Corpus luteal hormones and placental hormones stimulate glandular cells in target tissues bearing steroid hormone receptors to produce PSA. This PSA is detectable in female serum and shows variations reflecting the changes in levels of stimulating hormones. Predictably, therefore, the study found highest serum PSA during pregnancy, lesser during immediate postpartum period and least in non pregnant women. Serum PSA levels were found to show two peaks during menstrual cycle: a taller peak between 4th and 8th day of cycle and a smaller peak between 16th and 20th days. During pregnancy, higher serum PSA correlated to higher birth weight and male fetus. Postpartum serum PSA was higher in case of higher birth weight, higher gestation at delivery, male baby and instrumental delivery.
Key Words:- Prostate specific antigen, PSA, Menstrual cycle, Pregnancy, Post partum, Gestation, Gender, Birth weight, Type of delivery.
Research article:-PSM/Community Medicine
Tiwari Ranjana1, Dhiraj Kumar Srivastava2* and Bansal Manoj3
1MD, PhD, D.G.O, DH&HM, PGCHMgtFW, Associate Professor, Department of PSM/Community Medicine,G.R Medical College, Gwalior(MP),India.
2*Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, UP Rural Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Saifai, Etawah(UP),India.
3MD, Assistant professor, Department. of PSM/Community Medicine,Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar (MP),India.
Abstract: - Background:-Ever since the establishment of HIV/AIDS as a disease entity in the medical fraternity, it has been an area of great concern for scholars across the globe. A regular assessment of knowledge and practices of practitioners are empirical for both practitioners and policy makers as it help them to assess the exact situation in the recent scenario of changing HIV epidemiology. Objectives:-To assess the knowledge and practices of practitioners in relation to HIV/AIDS. To find out the most preferred modalities to get updates on recent advances in HIV/AIDS. Material and Methods:-The study was carried out from July 2008 to Dec 2008 among government and private practitioners of Gwalior City. In this 75 government and 75 private practitioners were interviewed using a pre-structured questionnaire. Information regarding general profile, knowledge about signs and symptoms, management and counseling adopted in the management of HIV patients. The study also explored the different views on the most preferred modalities for getting updates on HIV. Result:-The mean score of government practitioners was 6.8 compared to 5.1 of private practitioners. There was a statistically differences in the knowledge of practitioners of both sectors on issues related to signs & symptoms, diagnosis and management. Similar differences were also noted in the practices commonly adopted in the management of HIV patients. Continuous Medical Educations (CME’s) was the most preferred modality of getting updates on recent advances in the field of HIV management. Conclusion:-There is an urgent need for upgrading the knowledge especially of private practitioners on various issues including HIV management. Regular CME’s should be organized to fulfill this job.
Key words:- HIV/AIDS, Practitioners, NACO.
Case report:-Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Yogita Dogra1*,Vanita Suri2 and Neelam Aggarwal3.
1Senior Resident, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Kamla Nehru Hospital, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla , Himachal Pradesh, India
2Professor, 3 Addl. Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Abstract:- Fallopian tube carcinoma is a rare gynaecological malignancy of female reproductive tract, seen in peri-menopausal period. It is similar in behavior and presentation to ovarian carcinoma but associated with poorer prognosis especially if detected in advanced stage. Early diagnosis and prompt surgical management followed by chemotherapy is the key to success in management of primary fallopian tube carcinoma. The clinical manifestations, radiological and laboratory investigations can often lead to a correct diagnosis at an early stage. CA-125 is essential diagnostic marker for primary fallopian tube carcinoma and raised level of CA-125 should raise the suspicion of the same at early stage.
Key words:- Fallopian tube carcinoma, CA-125, ovarian cancer.